vc根据域名获取IP地址 gethostbyname()函数

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 10:39:22 发布

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文章标签： socket list struct pascal null stream

vc根据域名获取IP地址 gethostbyname()函数

以下是VC Socket初始化时用到的两个函数

一、WSAStartup函数
                int WSAStartup
                       (
                          WORD wVersionRequested,
                          LPWSADATA lpWSAData
                         );
使用Socket的程序在使用Socket之前必须调用WSAStartup函数。该函数的第一个参数指明程序请求使用的Socket版本，其中高位字节指明副版本、低位字节指明主版本；操作系统利用第二个参数返回请求的Socket的版本信息。当一个应用程序调用WSAStartup函数时，操作系统根据请求的Socket版本来搜索相应的Socket库，然后绑定找到的Socket库到该应用程序中。以后应用程序就可以调用所请求的Socket库中的其它Socket函数了。该函数执行成功后返回0。
例：假如一个程序要使用2.1版本的Socket,那么程序代码如下
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 1 );
err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );

二、WSACleanup函数
int WSACleanup (void);
应用程序在完成对请求的Socket库的使用后，要调用WSACleanup函数来解除与Socket库的绑定并且释放Socket库所占用的系统资源。
三 Socket接口的检索有关域名、通信服务和协议等Internet信息的数据库函数，如

gethostbyaddr、gethostbyname、gethostname、getprotolbyname

getprotolbynumber、getserverbyname、getservbyport。
　1．gethostname()

　　【函数原型】

int PASCAL FAR gethostname (char FAR * name, int namelen);

　　【使用说明】

　　该函数可以获取本地主机的主机名，其中：

　　name：<输出>用于指向所获取的主机名的缓冲区的指针。

　　Namelen：<输入>缓冲区的大小，以字节为单位。

　　返回值：若无错误，返回0；否则，返回错误代吗。
2．gethostbyname()

　　【函数原型】

struct hostent FAR * PASCAL FAR gethostbyname(const char FAR * name);

　　【使用说明】

　　该函数可以从主机名数据库中得到对应的“主机”。

　　该函数唯一的参数name就是前面调用函数gethostname()得到的主机名。若无错误，刚返回一个指向hostent结构的批针，它可以标识一个“主机”列表。

===============================================

根据域名获取IP地址 gethostbyname()函数

可以运行的源代码

很容易, 但让一个没用过的人就不好写, 那些高手都很懒写BLOG
:

//getip.cpp
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <winsock.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32")

using namespace std;
int main()
{

int WSA_return;
WSADATA WSAData;

WSA_return=WSAStartup(0x0101,&WSAData);

HOSTENT *host_entry;

char host_name[256] ="http://www.google.cn/";

if(WSA_return==0)
{

host_entry=gethostbyname(host_name);
printf("%s/n", host_name);
if(host_entry!=0)
{
   printf("解析IP地址: ");
    printf("%d.%d.%d.%d",
        (host_entry->h_addr_list[0][0]&0x00ff),
        (host_entry->h_addr_list[0][1]&0x00ff),
        (host_entry->h_addr_list[0][2]&0x00ff),
        (host_entry->h_addr_list[0][3]&0x00ff));

}
}
WSACleanup();

下面有几份不同功能的代码：

/*#include   <windows.h>
#include   <winsock.h>
#include   <cstdio>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
void   main()
{
WSADATA     wsaData;
char           szHostname[100]="baidu.com";
HOSTENT   *pHostEnt;
int             nAdapter   =   0;
struct       sockaddr_in   sAddr;

if   (WSAStartup(0x0101,   &wsaData))
{
  printf( "WSAStartup   failed   %s/n ",   WSAGetLastError());
  return;
}

pHostEnt = gethostbyname(szHostname);

while   (   pHostEnt-> h_addr_list[nAdapter]   )
{
  //   pHostEnt-> h_addr_list[nAdapter]   is   the   current   address   in   host
  //   order.

  //   Copy   the   address   information   from   the   pHostEnt   to   a   sockaddr_in
  //   structure.
  memcpy   (   &sAddr.sin_addr.s_addr,   pHostEnt-> h_addr_list[nAdapter],
   pHostEnt-> h_length);

  //   Output   the   machines   IP   Address.
  printf( "Name:         %s/nAddress:   %s/n ",   pHostEnt-> h_name,
   inet_ntoa(sAddr.sin_addr));

nAdapter++;
}
WSACleanup();
return;

}
*/
/*
#include <WINSOCK2.H>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"WS2_32.LIB")

void TestFunOne(void)
{
SOCKET m_socket=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);

SOCKADDR_IN addr;
addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
addr.sin_port=htons(80);
addr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("202.108.22.5");

if(connect(m_socket,(SOCKADDR *)&addr,sizeof(SOCKADDR))!=SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("连接百度成功! TestFunOne../n");
}
else
{
printf("连接百度失败! TestFunOne../n");
}
closesocket(m_socket);
}

DWORD WINAPI TestThreadOne(LPVOID lparameter)
{

SOCKET m_socket=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);

SOCKADDR_IN addr;
addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
addr.sin_port=htons(80);
addr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("202.108.22.5");

if(connect(m_socket,(SOCKADDR *)&addr,sizeof(SOCKADDR))!=SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("连接百度成功! thread one../n");
}
else
{
printf("连接百度失败! thread one../n");
}
closesocket(m_socket);
TestFunOne();
return 1;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
WSAData wsa;
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsa);

CloseHandle(CreateThread(NULL,NULL,TestThreadOne,NULL,NULL,NULL));

SOCKET m_socket=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);

SOCKADDR_IN addr;
addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
addr.sin_port=htons(80);
addr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("202.108.22.5");

if(connect(m_socket,(SOCKADDR *)&addr,sizeof(SOCKADDR))!=SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("连接百度成功! main thread../n");
}
else
{ againstvirus

printf("连接百度失败! main thread../n");
}
closesocket(m_socket);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(20000000);
return 0;
}
*/

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char **argv)

{
//-----------------------------------------

// 定义初始化变量

WSADATA wsaData;
int iResult;
DWORD dwError;

int i = 0;
struct hostent *remoteHost;
char *host_name;
struct in_addr addr;
char **pAlias;

// 校验参数

if (argc != 2) {
  printf("usage: %s ipv4address/n", argv[0]);
  printf(" or/n");
  printf("       %s hostname/n", argv[0]);
  printf(" to return the host/n");
  printf("       %s 127.0.0.1/n", argv[0]);
  printf(" to return the IP addresses for a host/n");
  printf("       %s www.a3gs.com/n", argv[0]);
  return 1;
}

// 初始化Winsock

iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
if (iResult != 0) {
  printf("WSAStartup failed: %d/n", iResult);
  return 1;
}

host_name = argv[1];
// 如果用户输入是一个字母, 则我们使用gethostbyname()函数
// 假如输入是数字，则判断为IP地址
if (isalpha(host_name[0])) {
  printf("Calling gethostbyname with %s/n", host_name);
  remoteHost = gethostbyname(host_name);
} else {
  printf("使用%s调用gethostbyaddr函数%s/n", host_name);
  addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host_name);
  if (addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE) {
   printf("请输入有效IPv4地址/n");
   return 1;
  } else
  {
   remoteHost = gethostbyaddr((char *) &addr, 4, AF_INET);
  }
}
if (remoteHost == NULL) {
  dwError = WSAGetLastError();
  if (dwError != 0) {
   if (dwError == WSAHOST_NOT_FOUND) {
    printf("无法定位到主机/n");
    return 1;
   }else if (dwError == WSANO_DATA) {
    printf("无路由记录/n");
    return 1;
   } else {
    printf("函数调用出错，代码: %ld/n", dwError);
    return 1;
   }
  }
} else {
  printf("函数返回:/n");
  printf("/t主机名称: %s/n", remoteHost->h_name);
  for (pAlias = remoteHost->h_aliases; *pAlias != 0; pAlias++) {
   printf("/t主机别名#%d: %s/n", ++i, *pAlias);
  }
  printf("/t地址类型: ");
  switch (remoteHost->h_addrtype) {
  case AF_INET:
   printf("AF_INET/n");
   break;
  case AF_INET6:
   printf("AF_INET6/n");
   break;
  case AF_NETBIOS:
   printf("AF_NETBIOS/n");
   break;
  default:
   printf(" %d/n", remoteHost->h_addrtype);
   break;
  }
  printf("/t地址长度: %d/n", remoteHost->h_length);
  i = 0;
  while (remoteHost->h_addr_list[i] != 0) {
   addr.s_addr = *(u_long *) remoteHost->h_addr_list[i++];
   printf("/t主机IP地址#%d: %s/n", i, inet_ntoa(addr));
  }
}
return 0;
}

#include <stdafx.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char **argv)

{
    //-----------------------------------------

    // 定义初始化变量

    WSADATA wsaData;
    int iResult;
    DWORD dwError;

    int i = 0;
    struct hostent *remoteHost;
    char *host_name;
    struct in_addr addr;
    char **pAlias;

    // 校验参数

    if (argc != 2) {
        printf("usage: %s ipv4address/n", argv[0]);
        printf(" or/n");
        printf("       %s hostname/n", argv[0]);
        printf(" to return the host/n");
        printf("       %s 127.0.0.1/n", argv[0]);
        printf(" to return the IP addresses for a host/n");
        printf("       %s www.a3gs.com/n", argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    // 初始化Winsock

    iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
    if (iResult != 0) {
        printf("WSAStartup failed: %d/n", iResult);
        return 1;
    }

    host_name = argv[1];
   // 如果用户输入是一个字母, 则我们使用gethostbyname()函数
   // 假如输入是数字，则判断为IP地址
    if (isalpha(host_name[0])) {
        printf("Calling gethostbyname with %s/n", host_name);
        remoteHost = gethostbyname(host_name);
    } else {
        printf("使用%s调用gethostbyaddr函数%s/n", host_name);
        addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host_name);
        if (addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE) {
            printf("请输入有效IPv4地址/n");
            return 1;
        } else
       {
            remoteHost = gethostbyaddr((char *) &addr, 4, AF_INET);
       }
    }
    if (remoteHost == NULL) {
        dwError = WSAGetLastError();
        if (dwError != 0) {
            if (dwError == WSAHOST_NOT_FOUND) {
                printf("无法定位到主机/n");
                return 1;
            }else if (dwError == WSANO_DATA) {
                printf("无路由记录/n");
                return 1;
            } else {
                printf("函数调用出错，代码: %ld/n", dwError);
                return 1;
            }
        }
    } else {
        printf("函数返回:/n");
        printf("/t主机名称: %s/n", remoteHost->h_name);
        for (pAlias = remoteHost->h_aliases; *pAlias != 0; pAlias++) {
            printf("/t主机别名#%d: %s/n", ++i, *pAlias);
        }
        printf("/t地址类型: ");
        switch (remoteHost->h_addrtype) {
        case AF_INET:
            printf("AF_INET/n");
            break;
        case AF_INET6:
            printf("AF_INET6/n");
            break;
        case AF_NETBIOS:
            printf("AF_NETBIOS/n");
            break;
        default:
            printf(" %d/n", remoteHost->h_addrtype);
            break;
        }
        printf("/t地址长度: %d/n", remoteHost->h_length);
        i = 0;
        while (remoteHost->h_addr_list[i] != 0) {
            addr.s_addr = *(u_long *) remoteHost->h_addr_list[i++];
            printf("/t主机IP地址#%d: %s/n", i, inet_ntoa(addr));
        }
    }
    return 0;
}