转载:http://lxw1234.com/archives/2015/08/462.htm
Orc是Hive特有的一种列式存储的文件格式,它有着非常高的压缩比和读取效率,因此很快取代了之前的RCFile,成为Hive中非常常用的一种文件格式。
在实际业务场景中,可能需要使用Java API,或者MapReduce读写Orc文件。
本文先介绍使用Java API读取Hive Orc文件。
在Hive中已有一张Orc格式存储的表lxw1234:
该表有四个字段:url、word、freq、weight,类型均为string;
数据只有5条:
下面的代码,从表lxw1234对应的HDFS路径中使用API直接读取Orc文件:
- package com.lxw1234.test;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Properties;
- import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructField;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructObjectInspector;
- import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileInputFormat;
- import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputFormat;
- import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputSplit;
- import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
- import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.RecordReader;
- import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;
- /**
- * lxw的大数据田地 -- http://lxw1234.com
- * @author lxw.com
- *
- */
- public class TestOrcReader {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- JobConf conf = new JobConf();
- Path testFilePath = new Path(args[0]);
- Properties p = new Properties();
- OrcSerde serde = new OrcSerde();
- p.setProperty("columns", "url,word,freq,weight");
- p.setProperty("columns.types", "string:string:string:string");
- serde.initialize(conf, p);
- StructObjectInspector inspector = (StructObjectInspector) serde.getObjectInspector();
- InputFormat in = new OrcInputFormat();
- FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(conf, testFilePath.toString());
- InputSplit[] splits = in.getSplits(conf, 1);
- System.out.println("splits.length==" + splits.length);
- conf.set("hive.io.file.readcolumn.ids", "1");
- RecordReader reader = in.getRecordReader(splits[0], conf, Reporter.NULL);
- Object key = reader.createKey();
- Object value = reader.createValue();
- List<? extends StructField> fields = inspector.getAllStructFieldRefs();
- long offset = reader.getPos();
- while(reader.next(key, value)) {
- Object url = inspector.getStructFieldData(value, fields.get(0));
- Object word = inspector.getStructFieldData(value, fields.get(1));
- Object freq = inspector.getStructFieldData(value, fields.get(2));
- Object weight = inspector.getStructFieldData(value, fields.get(3));
- offset = reader.getPos();
- System.out.println(url + "|" + word + "|" + freq + "|" + weight);
- }
- reader.close();
- }
- }
将上面的代码打包成orc.jar;
在Hadoop客户端机器上运行命令:
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=/usr/local/apache-hive-0.13.1-bin/lib/hive-exec-0.13.1.jar:$HADOOP_CLASSPATH
hadoop jar orc.jar com.lxw1234.test.TestOrcReader /hivedata/warehouse/liuxiaowen.db/lxw1234/
运行结果如下:
- [liuxiaowen@dev tmp]$ hadoop jar orc.jar com.lxw1234.test.TestOrcReader /hivedata/warehouse/liuxiaowen.db/lxw1234/
- 15/08/18 17:03:37 INFO log.PerfLogger:
- 15/08/18 17:03:38 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.input.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.inputdir
- 15/08/18 17:03:38 INFO orc.OrcInputFormat: FooterCacheHitRatio: 0/1
- 15/08/18 17:03:38 INFO log.PerfLogger:
- splits.length==1
- 15/08/18 17:03:38 INFO orc.ReaderImpl: Reading ORC rows from hdfs://cdh5/hivedata/warehouse/liuxiaowen.db/lxw1234/000000_0 with {include: null, offset: 0, length: 712}
- http://cook.mytv365.com/v/20130403/1920802.html|未找到|1|5
- http://cook.mytv365.com/v/20130403/1920802.html|网站|1|3
- http://cook.mytv365.com/v/20130403/1920802.html|广大|1|3
- http://cook.mytv365.com/v/20130403/1920802.html|直播|1|3
- http://cook.mytv365.com/v/20130403/1920802.html|精彩|1|3
结果没有问题。