方法一:tabulate
TABLE = TABULATE(X), where X is a character array or a cell array
of strings, returns TABLE as a cell array
a =
1 2 3 4 2 3 1
>> x = tabulate(a)
x =
1.0000 2.0000 28.5714
2.0000 2.0000 28.5714
3.0000 2.0000 28.5714
4.0000 1.0000 14.2857
>> x(:,1:2)
ans =
1 2
2 2
3 2
4 1
方法二: hist
N = HIST(Y) bins the elements of Y into 10 equally spaced containers
and returns the number of elements in each container. If Y is a
matrix, HIST works down the columns.
N = HIST(Y,M), where M is a scalar, uses M bins.
N = HIST(Y,X), where X is a vector, returns the distribution of Y
among bins with centers specified by X. Note: Use HISTC if it is
more natural to specify bin edges instead.
a =
1 2 3 4 2 3 1
>> b = hist(a,unique(a))
b =
2 2 2 1
>> [unique(a)' b']
ans =
1 2
2 2
3 2
4 1