物联网项目设计（六） stm32+mqtt连接阿里云IOT完成话题发布与订阅

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 09:37:35 发布

小薛1988

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 09:37:35 发布

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分类专栏： 8266 MQTT STM32

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42487906/article/details/104635341

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STM32 同时被 3 个专栏收录

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原文连接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42487906/article/details/104635341

概述

上一部分成功连接阿里云，完成了阿里云的连接与ping操作。
下面介绍使用pahomqtt连接阿里云IOT，完成消息的发布和订阅。完成云端和设备端的通讯。

实现步骤

1.使用MQTT.fx模拟设备端，与阿里云平台进行通讯，验证可行性
2.使用stm32编写代码，完成真机调试

准备工作

硬件准备

使用stm32系列MCU，并有带网络功能的外设

软件准备

CubeMX用于配置工程
MDK5编写编译代码
MQTT.fx作为虚拟设备端完成仿真调试
阿里云IOT平台

实现部分

使用MQTT.fx完成仿真

1.根据阿里云的文档创建一个产品，创建一个这个产品的设备，并添加一个自定义功能
在这里插入图片描述
为了便于验证，我创建的是一个最简单的属性，一个LED灯的开关

2.根据生成的设备三元组，使用MQTT.fx添加参数连接阿里云

以上参数如何填写在阿里云文档里都能找到，我在前面的内容中也说过，这里不再赘述。见物联网设计（五）

填写完，点击Connect，连接阿里云，成功后看到阿里云控制台显示在线
在这里插入图片描述
2.在MQTT.fx中添加要订阅和发布的话题

在设备的Topic列表中发现，有两个话题分别是我们需要的上报属性的话题和云端设置属性的话题。
根据这个，在MQTT.fx中订阅/sys/a1w0XJbXwh0/SmartLED_01/thing/service/property/set这个话题
发布sys/a1w0XJbXwh0/SmartLED_01/thing/event/property/post这个话题

3.在阿里云控制台点击在线运维，选择刚刚我们创建的设备的功能，方法选择：设置
在这里插入图片描述
如上图，会自动生成一个JSON格式的数据。点击发送指令。我们会在MQTT.fx端接收到消息。

接收成功，下面我们要向post话题发布消息
发布消息的JSON格式仿照我们接收回来的消息格式

{
  "method" : "thing.service.property.post",
  "id" : "12345",
  "params" : {
    "LEDSwitch" : 1
  },
  "version" : "1.0.0"
}

  
  
  
  1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

其中method一定要填对，id可以随便填，LEDSwitch就是我们需要的属性
点击Publish发送
在这里插入图片描述
在阿里云控制台观察到LED开关的状态已经被我们更新了

至此，完成使用MQTT.fx模拟设备端与阿里云IOT平台进行通讯。

使用stm32编写代码，完成真机调试

准备工作

工程基于物联网设计（五）的工程，使用CubeMx增加一个按键和一个LED的配置，使用CubeMx增加LED1和KEY1
在这里插入图片描述

分成两个步骤，我们分别完成订阅和发送的功能

在头文件中添加订阅和发布的话题

#define  S_TOPIC_NAME         "/sys/a1w0XJbXwh0/SmartLED_01/thing/service/property/set"    
#define  P_TOPIC_NAME         "/sys/a1w0XJbXwh0/SmartLED_01/thing/event/property/post"      

  
  
  
  1
2

发送功能

1.编写向指定话题发布消息的函数

uint8_t IOT_baidu_connect_publish(char *pTopic,char *pMessage)
{
	static uint8_t err_cnt=0;
    int32_t len;
    MQTTString topicString = MQTTString_initializer;
    int msglen = strlen(pMessage);
    int buflen = sizeof(buf);
	<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">MQTTPacket_read</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>buf<span class="token punctuation">,</span> buflen<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transport_getdata<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> PUBREC<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> packettype <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
			<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> dup_ack <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
			<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">short</span> packetid <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

			<span class="token function">MQTTDeserialize_ack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span>packettype<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span>dup_ack<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span>packetid<span class="token punctuation">,</span>buf<span class="token punctuation">,</span>buflen<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
			err_cnt<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token comment">//Ã»½ÓÊÕµ½»Ø¸´</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			err_cnt<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
			<span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>err_cnt<span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
			<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
				err_cnt<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
				<span class="token function">u1_printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Something Wrong\r\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
			<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	
<span class="token function">memset</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>buf<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>buflen<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
topicString<span class="token punctuation">.</span>cstring <span class="token operator">=</span> pTopic<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
len <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">MQTTSerialize_publish</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>buf<span class="token punctuation">,</span> buflen<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> topicString<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>pMessage<span class="token punctuation">,</span> msglen<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

USART3_RX_STA <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">memset</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>USART3_RX_BUF<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>USART3_MAX_RECV_LEN<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">transport_sendPacketBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>buf<span class="token punctuation">,</span>len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
	<span class="token function">free</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pMessage<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

2.在main函数中扫描按键，并将按键状态作为LEDStatus，按照之前说的格式，制作JSON数据包并发布

 while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */
<span class="token comment">/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */</span>
  <span class="token function">HAL_Delay</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">HAL_GPIO_ReadPin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>KEY1_GPIO_Port<span class="token punctuation">,</span>KEY1_Pin<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	KEY_STATUS <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	KEY_STATUS <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  cJSON <span class="token operator">*</span> pJsonRoot <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  pJsonRoot <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">cJSON_CreateObject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//</span>
  <span class="token function">cJSON_AddStringToObject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pJsonRoot<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"id"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"12345"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//</span>
  <span class="token function">cJSON_AddStringToObject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pJsonRoot<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"method"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"thing.event.property.post"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//</span>
  cJSON <span class="token operator">*</span> pJsonChild <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">cJSON_CreateObject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//</span>
  <span class="token function">cJSON_AddNumberToObject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pJsonChild<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"LEDSwitch"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> KEY_STATUS<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token function">cJSON_AddItemToObject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pJsonRoot<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"params"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pJsonChild<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//</span>
  
  <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> lpJsonStr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">cJSON_Print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pJsonRoot<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token function">cJSON_Delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pJsonRoot<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//</span>
  
  <span class="token function">IOT_baidu_connect_publish</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>P_TOPIC_NAME<span class="token punctuation">,</span>lpJsonStr<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

3.通过阿里云控制台观察现象
通过调试窗口发现，每隔一秒，接收到一个数据
在这里插入图片描述
通过设备状态窗口看到，按键按下，显示为0，按键松开，显示为1，说明向话题发送数据成功

接收功能

                                </div>

小薛1988

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物联网项目设计（六） stm32+mqtt连接阿里云IOT完成话题发布与订阅

原文连接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42487906/article/details/104635341 概述上一部分成功连接阿里云，完成了阿里云的连接与ping操作。下面介绍使用pahomqtt连接阿里云IO
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