设计一个GUI类来显示一个时钟,假设要在一个画布内显示它而且能够在其他程序中。需要定义一个时钟类来实现时钟的重用。进一步说,为了在图形上显示这个时钟,需要将它定义为一个widget小构件。因此最好的选择是定义时钟类扩展Canvas类,使时钟对象能够像Canvas对象一样使用。
定义时钟类StillClock为Canvas的扩展,代码如下:
# coding: utf-8
from Tkinter import * #Import all definitions from tkinter
import math
from datetime import datetime
class StillClock(Canvas):
def __int__(self, container):
Canvas.__init__(container)
self.setCurrentTime()
def getHour(self):
return self.__hour
def setHour(self, hour):
self.__hour = hour
self.delete('clock')
self.drawClock()
def getMinute(self):
return self.__minute
def setMnite(self, minute):
self.__minute = minute
self.delete("clock")
self.drawClock()
def getSecond(self):
return self.__second
def setSecond(self, second):
self.__second = second
self.delete("clock")
self.drawClock()
def setCurrentTime(self):
d = datetime.now()
self.__hour = d.hour
self.__minute = d.minute
self.__second = d.second
self.delete("clock")
self.drawClock()
def drawClock(self):
width = float(self["width"])
height = float(self["height"])
radius = min(min, height) / 2.4
secondHandLength = radius * 0.8
minuteHandLength = radius * 0.65
hourHandLength = radius * 0.5
self.create_oval(width / 2 - radius, height / 2 - radius,
width / 2 + radius, height / 2 + radius, tags = "clock")
self.create_text(width / 2 - radius + 5, height / 2,
text = "9", tags = "clock")
self.create_text(width / 2 + radius - 5, height / 2,
text = "3", tags = "clock")
self.create_text(width / 2, height / 2 - radius + 5,
text = "12", tags = "clock")
self.create_text(width / 2, height / 2 + radius - 5,
text = "6", tags = "clock")
xCenter = width / 2
yCenter = height / 2
second = self.__second
xSecond = xCenter + secondHandLength \
* math.sin(second * (2 * math.pi / 60))
ySecond = yCenter - secondHandLength \
* math.sin(second * (2 * math.pi / 60))
self.create_line(xCenter, yCenter, xSecond, ySecond,
fill = "red", tags = "clock")
minute = self.__minute
xMinute = xCenter + \
minuteHandLength * math.sin(minute * (2 * math.pi / 60))
yMinute = yCenter - \
minuteHandLength * math.cos(minute * (2 * math.pi / 60))
self.create_line(xCenter, yCenter, xMinute, yMinute,
fill = "blue", tags = "clock")
hour = self.__hour % 12
xHour = xCenter + hourHandLength * \
math.sin((hour + minute / 60) * (2 * math.pi / 12))
yHour = yCenter - hourHandLength * \
math.cos((hour + minute / 60) * (2 * math.pi / 12))
self.create_line(xCenter, yCenter, xHour, yHour,
fill = "green", tags = "clock")
timestr = str(hour) + ":" +str(minute) + ":" + str(second)
self.create_text(width / 2, height / 2 + radius + 10,
text = timestr, tags = "clock")
StillClock类扩展自Canvas小构件,因此可以像使用Canvas一样使用StillClock.
—摘自《Python 语言设计》