hibernate3配置详解

 bernate3数据库插入操作的一个小例子
  hibernate 是一个orm框架,
  o体现在object,既model类,r体现在relationship 既关系，
  hibernate是一个object和relationship之间转化的桥梁
  今天用mysql数据库做了一个hibernate插入数据库的操作
  在mysql中新建表  people
  create table people(id int primary key,age int,name varchar(50));

新建 hibernate的配置文件,默认放在classpath底下,文件名为:hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
 <hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
    <!-- Database connection settings数据库设置 -->
    
    <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
    <property name="connection.username">root</property>
    <property name="connection.password"></property>
    
    
    <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) 连接池设置-->
    <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
    
    <!-- SQL dialect sql方言  orm中关系数据库的类型-->
    <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    
    
    <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
    <!--<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>  -->
    
    <!-- Disable the second-level cache  禁用二级缓存-->
    <!--<property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property>-->
    
    
    <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout 打印sql语句-->
    <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    
    
    <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
    <!-- <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->
    <!-- hibernate 映射文件 -->
    <mapping resource="com/jack/hibernate/People.hbm.xml"/>
  </session-factory>
 </hibernate-configuration>
 
新建一个model类,People
package com.jack.hibernate;

public class People {
     
     private int id;
     private int age;
     private String name;
  public int getId() {
   return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
   this.id = id;
  }
  public int getAge() {
   return age;
  }
  public void setAge(int age) {
   this.age = age;
  }
  public String getName() {
   return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
   this.name = name;
  }
    
 
 
 
}

 配置model和数据库表之间的的映射关系,既People.hbm.xml。这个文件可以告诉hibernate对象(o)和数据库表(table)之间的对应关系
 <?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
  <hibernate-mapping package="com.jack.hibernate">
       <class name="People" table="People">
           <id name="id" column="id"></id>
           <property name="age" column="age"></property>
           <property name="name" column="name"></property>
       </class>
  </hibernate-mapping>
 
 测试类: 向mysql中的People表新加一条记录
 package com.jack.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import com.jack.hibernate.People;

public class TestHibernate {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
  
        People p1 = new People();
        p1.setId(1);
        p1.setAge(123);
        p1.setName("jack");
            Configuration cfg  = new Configuration();
           SessionFactory sf = cfg.configure().buildSessionFactory();
           Session session = sf.openSession();
           session.beginTransaction();
           session.save(p1);
           session.getTransaction().commit();
           session.close();
           sf.close();
          
       
 }
 
 
}
 程序执行流程:
  hibernate读取配置文件，
  通过读取数据库配置信息确定连接的数据库
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password"></property>
通过读取方言配置信息。确定生成sql语句的语法类型
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
通过读取mapping hibernate映射文件信息，找到对应的映射文件
<mapping resource="com/jack/hibernate/People.hbm.xml"/>
解析映射文件后，hibernate可以确定对象中的属性(即orm中的o)和数据库字段(即orm中的r)之间的对应关系
<hibernate-mapping package="com.jack.hibernate">
       <class name="People" table="People">
           <id name="id" column="id"></id>
           <property name="age" column="age"></property>
           <property name="name" column="name"></property>
       </class>
</hibernate-mapping>
 执行session.save(p1);时，hibernate自动根据设置的方言类型。自动生成sql语句并自动执行插入操作
insert into People (age, name, id) values (?, ?, ?)