yum 源修改
查看Linux 版本cat /etc/redhat-release
阿里云yum源
下载python3
找到想要下载的版本python3下载
wget -P ~ https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.9/Python-3.7.9.tgz 解压
tar -zxvf Python-3.7.9.tgz
建立一个空文件夹,用于存放python3程序
rm -rf /usr/local/python3 && mkdir /usr/local/python3
进入目录,执行配置文件,编译,编译安装
# 安装依赖包
centos:
yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel libffi-devel python-devel mariadb-devel
ubuntu:
sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libssl-dev libncurses5-dev default-libmysqlclient-dev libsqlite3-dev libreadline-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libdb-dev libpcap-dev xz-utils libexpat1-dev liblzma-dev libffi-dev libc6-dev
# 更新软件包
yum -y update
# 把Python安装到 /usr/local 目录
cd ~/Python-3.7.9
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
make
make altinstall
设置环境变量
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7.9 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.7.9 /usr/bin/pip3
# 对系统下所有用户起作用
sudo vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/python3/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
验证
echo $PATH
测试一下python3是否可以用
python3 -V
pip -V
修改pip源
国内常见的镜像站
豆瓣:http://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/
清华:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/pypi/
配置文件
Windows: c:\Users\xxx\pip\pip.ini
Linux: ~/.pip/pip.conf
配置文件格式:
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Linux快捷配置
mkdir -p ~/.pip
tee ~/.pip/pip.conf <<'EOF'
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
EOF
Linux删除python3
删除环境变量
cd /usr/bin
ll pip*
ll python*
删除对应的pip和python软连接
rm -r pipx
rm -r pythonx
echo $PATH
在配置文件中删除
卸载手动下载的rpm包(现在几乎不用)
rpm -qa|grep python3|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps
删除 搜索命令所在路径及帮助文档所在位置
whereis python3 |xargs rm -frv
查看现有安装的python
whereis python