问题:
假设下标从0开始,0,1,2 .. m-1共m个人,从1开始报数,报到k则此人从环出退出,问最后剩下的一个人的编号是多少?
我的理解:
设f(m,k,i)为m个人的环,报数为k,第i个人出环的编号,m个人的环第i个出来的人就相当于m-1个人的环第i-1个出来的人,不过这个序号是相当于原来m个人的序号。但注意的是m个人的环第一个出来的人序号要减一。
通俗的讲就是:假设10个人的环,报数为3的人出来,那么10个人的环第一个出来的人的序号为2,而10个人的环第二次出来的人相当于9个人第一次出来的人。
程序:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//m:人数</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//k:报数</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//i:第i个出来的</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">fun</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> m,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> k,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (i == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> (m+k-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)%m; }<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//取余是因为是环</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> (fun(m-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, k, i-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)+k)%m; } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>
结果: