避免Block中的强引用环

　　In manual reference counting mode, __block id x; has the effect of not retaining x. In ARC mode, __block id x; defaults to retaining x (just like all other values). To get the manual reference counting mode behavior under ARC, you could use __unsafe_unretained __block id x;. As the name __unsafe_unretained implies, however, having a non-retained variable is dangerous (because it can dangle) and is therefore discouraged. Two better options are to either use __weak (if you don’t need to support iOS 4 or OS X v10.6), or set the __block value to nil to break the retain cycle.

　　例如，在MRC&ARC下，以下代码会存在强引用环：

MyViewController *myController = [[MyViewController alloc] init…];
// ...
myController.completionHandler =  ^(NSInteger result) {
   [myController dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
};

　　在MRC下，解决上述强引用环的方法如下：

MyViewController * __block myController = [[MyViewController alloc] init…];
// ...
myController.completionHandler =  ^(NSInteger result) {
    [myController dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    myController = nil;
};

　　在ARC下，解决上述强引用环的方法如下：

1 MyViewController *myController = [[MyViewController alloc] init…];
2 // ...
3 MyViewController * __weak weakMyViewController = myController;
4 myController.completionHandler =  ^(NSInteger result) {
5     [weakMyViewController dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
6 };

　　更好的方式是在使用__weak变量前，先用__strong变量把该值锁定，类似使用weak_ptr一样。

 1 MyViewController *myController = [[MyViewController alloc] init…];
 2 // ...
 3 MyViewController * __weak weakMyController = myController;
 4 myController.completionHandler =  ^(NSInteger result) {
 5     MyViewController *strongMyController = weakMyController;
 6     if (strongMyController) {
 7         // ...
 8         [strongMyController dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
 9         // ...
10     }
11     else {
12         // Probably nothing...
13     }
14 };