修改Oracle实例名

1、修改实例名（sid）

1.1、检查原来的数据库实例名（sid）

oracle@oracle[/home/oracle]> echo $ORACLE_SID

orcl

oracle@oracle[/home/oracle]> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 20 11:14:49 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

sys@ORCL> select instance from v$thread;

INSTANCE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

orcl

1.2、关闭数据库

注意不能用shutdown abort，只能是shutdown immediate或shutdown normal

sys@ORCL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

sys@ORCL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

1.3、修改oracle用户的ORACLE_SID环境变量，如由orcl修改为ybbe

1.4、修改/etc/oratab文件，将sid名由旧的修改为新的，如从orcl修改为ybbe

          可省略，只要确认好ORACLE_SID就可以了

1.5、进入到$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录

将所有文件名中包含原来的sid的修改为对应的新sid的

如我对如下文件修改为其后对应的文件

hc_orcl.dat->hc_ybbe.dat

lkORCL->lkYBBE

orapworcl->orapwybbe

snapcf_orcl.f->snapcf_cnhtm.f

spfileorcl.ora->spfilecnhtm.ora

cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
orapwd file=orapwybbe password='ybbe' entries=5 force=y

可以用次命令进行对上面的文件进行自动生成

1.6、使新修改的ORACLE_SID环境变量生效

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> . ~/.bash_profile

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> echo $ORACLE_SID

cnhtm

1.7、重建口令文件

因为口令文件改名后不能在新实例中使用，所以重建

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle entries=5 force=y

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> ls -lrt orapw*

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2048 Dec 20 11:27 orapwybbe

1.8、启动数据库

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 20 11:29:53 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

idle> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes

Fixed Size 1218292 bytes

Variable Size 62916876 bytes

Database Buffers 96468992 bytes

Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

1.9、检查数据库实例名

通过如下语句检查数据库实例名，发现实例名已经由orcl变成ybbe

idle> select instance from v$thread;

INSTANCE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ybbe