C++中int与string的相互转换

转C++中int与string的相互转换

一、int转string

1.c++11标准增加了全局函数std::to_string:

string to_string (int val);

string to_string (long val);

string to_string (long long val);

string to_string (unsigned val);

string to_string (unsigned long val);

string to_string (unsigned long long val);

string to_string (float val);

string to_string (double val);

string to_string (long double val);

Example:

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     // to_string example
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     #include <iostream> // std::cout
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     #include <string> // std::string, std::to_string
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     int main ()
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     {
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     string pi = 
     
     "pi is " + 
     
     std::to_string(
     
     3.1415926);
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     string perfect = 
     
     std::to_string(
     
     1+
     
     2+
     
     4+
     
     7+
     
     14) + 
     
     " is a perfect number";
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     cout << pi << 
     
     '\n';
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     cout << perfect << 
     
     '\n';
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     return 
     
     0;
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     }
    
    
   
   
 
 

Output:

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     pi is 
     
     3.141593
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     28 is a perfect number
    
    
   
   
 
 

2.采用sstream中定义的字符串流对象来实现

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     ostringstream os; 
     
     //构造一个输出字符串流，流内容为空 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     int i = 
     
     12; 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     os << i; 
     
     //向输出字符串流中输出int整数i的内容 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     cout << os.str() << 
     
     endl; 
     
     //利用字符串流的str函数获取流中的内容 
    
    
   
   
 
 

二、string转int

1.可以使用std::stoi/stol/stoll等等函数
Example:

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     // stoi example
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     #include <iostream> // std::cout
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     #include <string> // std::string, std::stoi
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     int main ()
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     {
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     string str_dec = 
     
     "2001, A Space Odyssey";
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     string str_hex = 
     
     "40c3";
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     string str_bin = 
     
     "-10010110001";
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     string str_auto = 
     
     "0x7f";
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     string::size_type sz;   
     
     // alias of size_t
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     int i_dec = 
     
     std::stoi (str_dec,&sz);
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     int i_hex = 
     
     std::stoi (str_hex,
     
     nullptr,
     
     16);
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     int i_bin = 
     
     std::stoi (str_bin,
     
     nullptr,
     
     2);
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     int i_auto = 
     
     std::stoi (str_auto,
     
     nullptr,
     
     0);
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     cout << str_dec << 
     
     ": " << i_dec << 
     
     " and [" << str_dec.substr(sz) << 
     
     "]\n";
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     cout << str_hex << 
     
     ": " << i_hex << 
     
     '\n';
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     cout << str_bin << 
     
     ": " << i_bin << 
     
     '\n';
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     std::
     
     cout << str_auto << 
     
     ": " << i_auto << 
     
     '\n';
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
  
     
     return 
     
     0;
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     }
    
    
   
   
 
 

Output:

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     2001, A Space Odyssey: 
     
     2001 
     
     and [, A Space Odyssey]
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     40c3:  
     
     16579
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     -10010110001: 
     
     -1201
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     0x7f: 
     
     127
    
    
   
   
 
 

2.采用标准库中atoi函数,对于其他类型也都有相应的标准库函数，比如浮点型atof(),long型atol()等等

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     string s = 
     
     "12"; 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     int a = atoi(s.c_str());
    
    
   
   
 
 

3.采用sstream头文件中定义的字符串流对象来实现转换

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     istringstream is("12"); 
     
     //构造输入字符串流，流的内容初始化为“12”的字符串 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     int i; 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     is >> i; 
     
     //从is流中读入一个int整数存入i中
    
    
   
   
 
 

参考资料：

http://blog.csdn.net/chavo0/article/details/51038397

http://blog.csdn.net/na_beginning/article/details/53576123