如何列出引用SQL Server中给定表的所有外键？

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-27 14:19:24 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-12-27 14:19:24 发布

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文章标签： sql sql-server tsql

原文链接：https://bn.sofbug.com/question/21hR

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我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何获取要删除表需要删除的所有外键约束的列表？

（与在Management Studio的GUI中单击相比，SQL的答案更好。）

#1楼

上面有一些好的答案。但是我更喜欢用一个查询来回答。这段代码摘自sys.sp_helpconstraint（sys proc）

如果有与tbl相关的外键，Microsoft就是这样查找的。

--setup variables. Just change 'Customer' to tbl you want
declare @objid int,
    @objname nvarchar(776)
select @objname = 'Customer'    
select @objid = object_id(@objname)

if exists (select * from sys.foreign_keys where referenced_object_id = @objid)
    select 'Table is referenced by foreign key' =
        db_name() + '.'
        + rtrim(schema_name(ObjectProperty(parent_object_id,'schemaid')))
        + '.' + object_name(parent_object_id)
        + ': ' + object_name(object_id)
    from sys.foreign_keys 
    where referenced_object_id = @objid 
    order by 1

答案将如下所示：test_db_name.dbo.Account：FK_Account_Customer

#2楼

SELECT PKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
       PKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O1.SCHEMA_ID)),
       PKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O1.NAME),
       PKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C1.NAME),
       FKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
       FKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O2.SCHEMA_ID)),
       FKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O2.NAME),
       FKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C2.NAME),
       -- Force the column to be non-nullable (see SQL BU 325751)
       --KEY_SEQ             = isnull(convert(smallint,k.constraint_column_id), sysconv(smallint,0)),
       UPDATE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsUpdateCascade') 
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0
                                        ELSE 1
                                      END),
       DELETE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsDeleteCascade') 
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0
                                        ELSE 1
                                      END),
       FK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,OBJECT_NAME(F.OBJECT_ID)),
       PK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,I.NAME),
       DEFERRABILITY = CONVERT(SMALLINT,7)   -- SQL_NOT_DEFERRABLE
FROM   SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O1,
       SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O2,
       SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C1,
       SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C2,
       SYS.FOREIGN_KEYS F
       INNER JOIN SYS.FOREIGN_KEY_COLUMNS K
         ON (K.CONSTRAINT_OBJECT_ID = F.OBJECT_ID)
       INNER JOIN SYS.INDEXES I
         ON (F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID = I.OBJECT_ID
             AND F.KEY_INDEX_ID = I.INDEX_ID)
WHERE  O1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
       AND O2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
       AND C1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
       AND C2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
       AND C1.COLUMN_ID = K.REFERENCED_COLUMN_ID
       AND C2.COLUMN_ID = K.PARENT_COLUMN_ID

#3楼

不知道为什么没有人建议，但是我使用sp_fkeys查询给定表的外键：

EXEC sp_fkeys 'TableName'

您还可以指定架构：

EXEC sp_fkeys @pktable_name = 'TableName', @pktable_owner = 'dbo'

在未指定架构的情况下，文档指出以下内容：

如果未指定pktable_owner，则适用基础DBMS的默认表可见性规则。

在SQL Server中，如果当前用户拥有具有指定名称的表，则返回该表的列。如果未指定pktable_owner并且当前用户不拥有具有指定pktable_name的表，则该过程将查找数据库所有者拥有的具有指定pktable_name的表。如果存在，则返回该表的列。

#4楼

您还应该注意对其他对象的引用。

如果该表被其他表高度引用，那么它可能也被其他对象（例如视图，存储过程，函数等）高度引用。

我真的建议使用GUI工具（例如SSMS中的“视图依赖项”对话框）或免费工具（例如ApexSQL Search），因为如果只想使用SQL来搜索其他对象中的依赖项，则容易出错。

如果SQL是唯一的选择，您可以尝试这样做。

select O.name as [Object_Name], C.text as [Object_Definition]
from sys.syscomments C
inner join sys.all_objects O ON C.id = O.object_id
where C.text like '%table_name%'

#5楼

确定数据库中所有表的主键和唯一键...

这应该列出所有约束，最后可以放置过滤器

/* CAST IS DONE , SO THAT OUTPUT INTEXT FILE REMAINS WITH SCREEN LIMIT*/
WITH   ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE (CONSTRAINT_NAME,CONSTRAINT_TYPE,PARENT_TABLE_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE,REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCE_COL_NAME) 
AS
(
SELECT  CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (PKnUKEY.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        CONSTRAINT_TYPE=CAST (PKnUKEY.type_desc AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (PKnUTable.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( PKnUKEYCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE=  oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,        
        REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME='' ,
        REFERENCE_COL_NAME='' 

FROM sys.key_constraints as PKnUKEY
    INNER JOIN sys.tables as PKnUTable
            ON PKnUTable.object_id = PKnUKEY.parent_object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.index_columns as PKnUColIdx
            ON PKnUColIdx.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
            AND PKnUColIdx.index_id = PKnUKEY.unique_index_id
    INNER JOIN sys.columns as PKnUKEYCol
            ON PKnUKEYCol.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
            AND PKnUKEYCol.column_id = PKnUColIdx.column_id
     INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
            ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=PKnUTable.name
            AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=PKnUKEYCol.name
UNION ALL
SELECT  CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (oConstraint.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        CONSTRAINT_TYPE='FK',
        PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (oParent.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( oParentCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,     
        REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME=CAST ( oReference.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        REFERENCE_COL_NAME=CAST (oReferenceCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) 
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns FKC
    INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oConstraint
            ON FKC.constraint_object_id=oConstraint.id 
    INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oParent
            ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParent.id
    INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oParentCol
            ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParentCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
            AND FKC.parent_column_id=oParentCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/
    INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oReference
            ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReference.id
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
            ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=oParent.name
            AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=oParentCol.name
    INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oReferenceCol
            ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReferenceCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
            AND FKC.referenced_column_id=oReferenceCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/

)

select * from   ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE
where   
    PARENT_TABLE_NAME  in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME') 
    or REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME  in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME')
ORDER BY PARENT_TABLE_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME;

作为参考，请通读-http: //blogs.msdn.com/b/sqltips/archive/2005/09/16/469136.aspx

#6楼

SELECT
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) 'Parent table',
c.NAME 'Parent column name',
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) 'Referenced table',
cref.NAME 'Referenced column name'
FROM 
sys.foreign_key_columns fkc 
INNER JOIN 
sys.columns c 
   ON fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id 
      AND fkc.parent_object_id = c.object_id
INNER JOIN 
sys.columns cref 
   ON fkc.referenced_column_id = cref.column_id 
      AND fkc.referenced_object_id = cref.object_id  where   OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = 'tablename'

如果要获取所有表的外键关系，请排除where子句，否则输入表名而不是tablename

#7楼

这给您：

FK本身
FK所属的架构
“ 引用表 ”或具有FK的表
“ 引用列 ”或引用表中指向FK的列
FK指向的“被引用表 ”或具有键列的表
“被引用的列 ”或FK指向的键列

代码如下：

SELECT  obj.name AS FK_NAME,
    sch.name AS [schema_name],
    tab1.name AS [table],
    col1.name AS [column],
    tab2.name AS [referenced_table],
    col2.name AS [referenced_column]
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
INNER JOIN sys.objects obj
    ON obj.object_id = fkc.constraint_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables tab1
    ON tab1.object_id = fkc.parent_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.schemas sch
    ON tab1.schema_id = sch.schema_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns col1
    ON col1.column_id = parent_column_id AND col1.object_id = tab1.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables tab2
    ON tab2.object_id = fkc.referenced_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns col2
    ON col2.column_id = referenced_column_id AND col2.object_id = tab2.object_id

#8楼

这将获得涉及所选表的任何外键。 *假设为_FIRSTABLENAME_SECONDTABLENAME格式。

 declare @tablename as varchar(MAX)
 SET @tablename = 'yourtablename'
 SELECT name
 FROM YOURDATABASE.sys.objects
 WHERE type_desc = 'FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT' and (name LIKE '%_' + @tablename + 'empdb_%' or name LIKE '%_' + @tablename )

这是一个更一般的形式：

 SELECT name
 FROM YOURDATABASE_PROD.sys.objects
 WHERE type_desc = 'FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT' and name LIKE '%' + @tablename + '%' and
 name NOT LIKE '[a-zA-Z0-9]' + @tablename + '%' and name NOT LIKE '%' + @tablename + '[a-zA-Z0-9]'

#9楼

最初的问题是要求将所有外键的列表都放入高度引用的表中，以便可以删除该表。

这个小查询返回将所有外键放入特定表所需的所有“删除外键”命令：

SELECT 
   'ALTER TABLE ['+sch.name+'].['+referencingTable.Name+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+foreignKey.name+']' '[DropCommand]'
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
    JOIN sys.tables referencingTable ON fk.parent_object_id = referencingTable.object_id
    JOIN sys.schemas sch ON referencingTable.schema_id = sch.schema_id
    JOIN sys.objects foreignKey ON foreignKey.object_id = fk.constraint_object_id
    JOIN sys.tables referencedTable ON fk.referenced_object_id = referencedTable.object_id
WHERE referencedTable.name = 'MyTableName'

输出示例：

[DropCommand]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable1] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable1_MyTable]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable2] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable2_MyTable]

省略WHERE子句以获取当前数据库中所有外键的放置命令。

#10楼

我从2008年开始一直使用此功能。它与列出的其他解决方案相似，但是字段名称使用适当的大小写来处理特定于大小写的（LatBin）归类。此外，您可以为它提供一个表名，并仅检索该表的信息。

-->>SPECIFY THE DESIRED DB
USE ???
GO

/*********************************************************************************************

    LIST OUT ALL PRIMARY AND FOREIGN KEY CONSTRAINTS IN A DB OR FOR A SPECIFIED TABLE

*********************************************************************************************/
DECLARE @tblName VARCHAR(255) 

/*******************/

    SET @tblName = NULL-->NULL will return all PK/FK constraints for every table in the database

/*******************/

SELECT PKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()), 
       PKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O1.schema_id)), 
       PKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O1.name), 
       PKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C1.name), 
       FKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()), 
       FKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O2.schema_id)), 
       FKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O2.name), 
       FKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C2.name), 
       -- Force the column to be non-nullable (see SQL BU 325751) 
       KEY_SEQ             = isnull(convert(smallint,K.constraint_column_id),0), 
       UPDATE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.object_id,'CnstIsUpdateCascade')  
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0 
                                        ELSE 1 
                                      END), 
       DELETE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.object_id,'CnstIsDeleteCascade')  
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0 
                                        ELSE 1 
                                      END), 
       FK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,OBJECT_NAME(F.object_id)), 
       PK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,I.name), 
       DEFERRABILITY = CONVERT(SMALLINT,7)   -- SQL_NOT_DEFERRABLE 
FROM   sys.all_objects O1, 
       sys.all_objects O2, 
       sys.all_columns C1, 
       sys.all_columns C2, 
       sys.foreign_keys F 
       INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns K 
         ON (K.constraint_object_id = F.object_id) 
       INNER JOIN sys.indexes I 
         ON (F.referenced_object_id = I.object_id 
             AND F.key_index_id = I.index_id) 
WHERE  O1.object_id = F.referenced_object_id 
       AND O2.object_id = F.parent_object_id 
       AND C1.object_id = F.referenced_object_id 
       AND C2.object_id = F.parent_object_id 
       AND C1.column_id = K.referenced_column_id
       AND C2.column_id = K.parent_column_id
       AND (   O1.name = @tblName 
            OR O2.name = @tblName
            OR @tblName IS null)
ORDER BY PKTABLE_NAME,FKTABLE_NAME

#11楼

我正在使用此脚本查找与外键有关的所有详细信息。我正在使用INFORMATION.SCHEMA。下面是一个SQL脚本：

SELECT 
    ccu.table_name AS SourceTable
    ,ccu.constraint_name AS SourceConstraint
    ,ccu.column_name AS SourceColumn
    ,kcu.table_name AS TargetTable
    ,kcu.column_name AS TargetColumn
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE ccu
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc
        ON ccu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu 
        ON kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME  
ORDER BY ccu.table_name

#12楼

这里有如何获取所选ID的所有职责的计数。只需更改@dbTableName值，@ dbRowId值及其类型（如果为int，则需要删除第82行中的''（..SET @SQL = ..））。请享用。

DECLARE @dbTableName varchar(max) = 'User'
DECLARE @dbRowId uniqueidentifier = '21d34ecd-c1fd-11e2-8545-002219a42e1c'

DECLARE @FK_ROWCOUNT int
DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(max)

DECLARE @PKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname
DECLARE @PKTABLE_OWNER sysname
DECLARE @PKTABLE_NAME sysname
DECLARE @PKCOLUMN_NAME sysname
DECLARE @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname
DECLARE @FKTABLE_OWNER sysname
DECLARE @FKTABLE_NAME sysname
DECLARE @FKCOLUMN_NAME sysname
DECLARE @UPDATE_RULE smallint
DECLARE @DELETE_RULE smallint
DECLARE @FK_NAME sysname
DECLARE @PK_NAME sysname
DECLARE @DEFERRABILITY sysname

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#Temp1') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #Temp1;
CREATE TABLE #Temp1 ( 
    PKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname,
    PKTABLE_OWNER sysname,
    PKTABLE_NAME sysname,
    PKCOLUMN_NAME sysname,
    FKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname,
    FKTABLE_OWNER sysname,
    FKTABLE_NAME sysname,
    FKCOLUMN_NAME sysname,
    UPDATE_RULE smallint,
    DELETE_RULE smallint,
    FK_NAME sysname,
    PK_NAME sysname,
    DEFERRABILITY sysname,
    FK_ROWCOUNT int
    );
DECLARE FK_Counter_Cursor CURSOR FOR
    SELECT PKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
       PKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O1.SCHEMA_ID)),
       PKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O1.NAME),
       PKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C1.NAME),
       FKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
       FKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O2.SCHEMA_ID)),
       FKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O2.NAME),
       FKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C2.NAME),
       -- Force the column to be non-nullable (see SQL BU 325751)
       --KEY_SEQ             = isnull(convert(smallint,k.constraint_column_id), sysconv(smallint,0)),
       UPDATE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsUpdateCascade') 
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0
                                        ELSE 1
                                      END),
       DELETE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsDeleteCascade') 
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0
                                        ELSE 1
                                      END),
       FK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,OBJECT_NAME(F.OBJECT_ID)),
       PK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,I.NAME),
       DEFERRABILITY = CONVERT(SMALLINT,7)   -- SQL_NOT_DEFERRABLE
    FROM   SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O1,
           SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O2,
           SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C1,
           SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C2,
           SYS.FOREIGN_KEYS F
           INNER JOIN SYS.FOREIGN_KEY_COLUMNS K
             ON (K.CONSTRAINT_OBJECT_ID = F.OBJECT_ID)
           INNER JOIN SYS.INDEXES I
             ON (F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID = I.OBJECT_ID
                 AND F.KEY_INDEX_ID = I.INDEX_ID)
    WHERE  O1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
           AND O2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
           AND C1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
           AND C2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
           AND C1.COLUMN_ID = K.REFERENCED_COLUMN_ID
           AND C2.COLUMN_ID = K.PARENT_COLUMN_ID
           AND O1.NAME = @dbTableName
OPEN FK_Counter_Cursor;
FETCH NEXT FROM FK_Counter_Cursor INTO @PKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @PKTABLE_OWNER, @PKTABLE_NAME, @PKCOLUMN_NAME, @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @FKTABLE_OWNER, @FKTABLE_NAME, @FKCOLUMN_NAME, @UPDATE_RULE, @DELETE_RULE, @FK_NAME, @PK_NAME, @DEFERRABILITY;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
   BEGIN
        SET @SQL = 'SELECT @dbCountOut = COUNT(*) FROM [' + @FKTABLE_NAME + '] WHERE [' + @FKCOLUMN_NAME + '] = ''' + CAST(@dbRowId AS varchar(max)) + '''';
        EXECUTE sp_executesql @SQL, N'@dbCountOut int OUTPUT', @dbCountOut = @FK_ROWCOUNT OUTPUT;
        INSERT INTO #Temp1 (PKTABLE_QUALIFIER, PKTABLE_OWNER, PKTABLE_NAME, PKCOLUMN_NAME, FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, FKTABLE_OWNER, FKTABLE_NAME, FKCOLUMN_NAME, UPDATE_RULE, DELETE_RULE, FK_NAME, PK_NAME, DEFERRABILITY, FK_ROWCOUNT) VALUES (@FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @PKTABLE_OWNER, @PKTABLE_NAME, @PKCOLUMN_NAME, @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @FKTABLE_OWNER, @FKTABLE_NAME, @FKCOLUMN_NAME, @UPDATE_RULE, @DELETE_RULE, @FK_NAME, @PK_NAME, @DEFERRABILITY, @FK_ROWCOUNT)
      FETCH NEXT FROM FK_Counter_Cursor INTO @PKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @PKTABLE_OWNER, @PKTABLE_NAME, @PKCOLUMN_NAME, @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @FKTABLE_OWNER, @FKTABLE_NAME, @FKCOLUMN_NAME, @UPDATE_RULE, @DELETE_RULE, @FK_NAME, @PK_NAME, @DEFERRABILITY;
   END;
CLOSE FK_Counter_Cursor;
DEALLOCATE FK_Counter_Cursor;
GO
SELECT * FROM #Temp1
GO

#13楼

这是我要使用的SQL代码。

SELECT 
   f.name AS 'Name of Foreign Key',
   OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) AS 'Table name',
   COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,fc.parent_column_id) AS 'Fieldname',
   OBJECT_NAME(t.object_id) AS 'References Table name',
   COL_NAME(t.object_id,fc.referenced_column_id) AS 'References fieldname',

   'ALTER TABLE [' + OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) + ']  DROP CONSTRAINT [' + f.name + ']' AS 'Delete foreign key',

   'ALTER TABLE [' + OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) + ']  WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' + 
        f.name + '] FOREIGN KEY([' + COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,fc.parent_column_id) + ']) REFERENCES ' + 
        '[' + OBJECT_NAME(t.object_id) + '] ([' +
        COL_NAME(t.object_id,fc.referenced_column_id) + '])' AS 'Create foreign key'
    -- , delete_referential_action_desc AS 'UsesCascadeDelete'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS f,
     sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc,
     sys.tables t 
WHERE f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id
AND t.OBJECT_ID = fc.referenced_object_id
AND OBJECT_NAME(t.object_id) = 'Employees'      --  Just show the FKs which reference a particular table
ORDER BY 2

尚不清楚SQL，因此让我们来看一个示例。

因此，假设我想将Employees表放置在Microsoft钟爱的Northwind数据库中，但是SQL Server告诉我一个或多个外键阻止了我这样做。

上面的SQL命令将返回这些结果...

它告诉我，有3个外键引用了Employees表。换句话说，在第一次删除这三个外键之前，不允许我删除（删除）该表。

在结果中，第一行是如何在结果中显示以下外键约束。

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees]  WITH NOCHECK 
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employees_Employees] FOREIGN KEY([ReportsTo])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Employees] ([EmployeeID])

倒数第二列显示删除这些外键之一所需的SQL命令，例如：

ALTER TABLE [Employees] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Employees_Employees]

...并且右侧列显示了创建它的SQL ...

ALTER TABLE [Employees] WITH NOCHECK 
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employees_Employees] 
FOREIGN KEY([ReportsTo]) REFERENCES [Employees] ([EmployeeID])

使用所有这些命令，您将拥有删除相关外键所需的一切，从而可以删除表，然后在以后重新创建它们。

ew 希望这可以帮助。

#14楼

第一

EXEC sp_fkeys 'Table', 'Schema'

然后使用NimbleText播放结果

#15楼

尝试这个：

sp_help 'TableName'

#16楼

我会使用SQL Server Management Studio中的数据库图表功能，但是由于您排除了这一点，所以这在SQL Server 2008（没有2005）中对我有用。

要获取引用表和列名称的列表...

select 
    t.name as TableWithForeignKey, 
    fk.constraint_column_id as FK_PartNo, c.
    name as ForeignKeyColumn 
from 
    sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
inner join 
    sys.tables as t on fk.parent_object_id = t.object_id
inner join 
    sys.columns as c on fk.parent_object_id = c.object_id and fk.parent_column_id = c.column_id
where 
    fk.referenced_object_id = (select object_id 
                               from sys.tables 
                               where name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
order by 
    TableWithForeignKey, FK_PartNo

获取外键约束的名称

select distinct name from sys.objects where object_id in 
(   select fk.constraint_object_id from sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
    where fk.referenced_object_id = 
        (select object_id from sys.tables where name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
)

#17楼

以下解决方案为我工作：

--Eliminar las llaves foraneas
declare @query varchar(8000)
declare cursorRecorrerTabla cursor for

SELECT  'ALTER TABLE [PoaComFinH].['+sch.name+'].['+referencingTable.Name+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+foreignKey.name+']' 'query'
FROM PoaComFinH.sys.foreign_key_columns fk
JOIN PoaComFinH.sys.tables referencingTable ON fk.parent_object_id = referencingTable.object_id
JOIN PoaComFinH.sys.schemas sch ON referencingTable.schema_id = sch.schema_id
JOIN PoaComFinH.sys.objects foreignKey ON foreignKey.object_id = fk.constraint_object_id
JOIN PoaComFinH.sys.tables referencedTable ON fk.referenced_object_id = referencedTable.object_id


--3ro. abrir el cursor.
open cursorRecorrerTabla
fetch next from cursorRecorrerTabla
into @query
while @@fetch_status = 0
begin
--inicio cuerpo del cursor
    print @query
    exec(@query)
--fin cuerpo del cursor
fetch next from cursorRecorrerTabla
into @query
end
--cerrar cursor
close cursorRecorrerTabla
deallocate cursorRecorrerTabla

#18楼

最简单的方法是在SQL中使用sys.foreign_keys_columns。在此，表包含所有外键的对象ID，包括其引用列ID，引用表ID以及引用列和表。由于Id保持恒定，因此对于Schema和表中的进一步修改，结果将是可靠的。

查询：

SELECT    
OBJECT_NAME(fkeys.constraint_object_id) foreign_key_name
,OBJECT_NAME(fkeys.parent_object_id) referencing_table_name
,COL_NAME(fkeys.parent_object_id, fkeys.parent_column_id) referencing_column_name
,OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(fkeys.parent_object_id) referencing_schema_name
,OBJECT_NAME (fkeys.referenced_object_id) referenced_table_name
,COL_NAME(fkeys.referenced_object_id, fkeys.referenced_column_id) 
referenced_column_name
,OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(fkeys.referenced_object_id) referenced_schema_name
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkeys

我们也可以使用“ where”添加过滤器

WHERE OBJECT_NAME(fkeys.parent_object_id) = 'table_name' AND 
OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(fkeys.parent_object_id) = 'schema_name'

#19楼

Mysql服务器具有information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS表FYI，您可以按表名或引用的表名对其进行过滤。

#20楼

您可以通过以下查询找到：

 SELECT OBJECT_NAME (FK.referenced_object_id) 'Referenced Table', 
      OBJECT_NAME(FK.parent_object_id) 'Referring Table', FK.name 'Foreign Key', 
      COL_NAME(FK.referenced_object_id, FKC.referenced_column_id) 'Referenced Column',
      COL_NAME(FK.parent_object_id,FKC.parent_column_id) 'Referring Column'
     FROM sys.foreign_keys AS FK
             INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS FKC 
                 ON FKC.constraint_object_id = FK.OBJECT_ID
     WHERE OBJECT_NAME (FK.referenced_object_id) = 'YourTableName'
     AND COL_NAME(FK.referenced_object_id, FKC.referenced_column_id) = 'YourColumnName'
     order by  OBJECT_NAME(FK.parent_object_id)

#21楼

也尝试一下。

EXEC sp_fkeys 'tableName', 'schemaName'

使用sp_fkeys可以通过pk表名称和架构来过滤结果，还可以通过fk表名称和架构来过滤结果。链接

#22楼

@BankZ最可取的答案

sp_help 'TableName'

另外针对不同的模式

sp_help 'schemaName.TableName'

#23楼

引用SQL Server中给定表的所有外键的列表：

您可以通过以下查询获取引用表名称和列名称...

SELECT 
   OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) TableName,
   COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,fc.parent_column_id) ColName
FROM 
   sys.foreign_keys AS f
INNER JOIN 
   sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc 
      ON f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id
INNER JOIN 
   sys.tables t 
      ON t.OBJECT_ID = fc.referenced_object_id
WHERE 
   OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id) = 'TableName'

以下截图供您理解...

#24楼

解决了我在SQL Server 2005中能够产生和使用以下SQL的@Gishu的问题

SELECT t.name AS TableWithForeignKey, fk.constraint_column_id AS FK_PartNo, 
       c.name AS ForeignKeyColumn, o.name AS FK_Name 
  FROM sys.foreign_key_columns AS fk
       INNER JOIN sys.tables AS t ON fk.parent_object_id = t.object_id
       INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON fk.parent_object_id = c.object_id 
                                  AND fk.parent_column_id = c.column_id
       INNER JOIN sys.objects AS o ON fk.constraint_object_id = o.object_id
  WHERE fk.referenced_object_id = (SELECT object_id FROM sys.tables 
                                        WHERE name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
  ORDER BY TableWithForeignKey, FK_PartNo;

在1个查询中显示所有表，列和外键名称。

#25楼

SELECT
  object_name(parent_object_id),
  object_name(referenced_object_id),
  name 
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE parent_object_id = object_id('Table Name')

#26楼

 SELECT OBJECT_NAME(fk.parent_object_id) as ReferencingTable, 
        OBJECT_NAME(fk.constraint_object_id) as [FKContraint]
  FROM sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
 WHERE fk.referenced_object_id = OBJECT_ID('ReferencedTable', 'U')

如果是外键约束，则仅显示关系。我的数据库显然早于FK约束。某些表使用触发器来强制执行参照完整性，有时只有一个类似名称的列来表示关系（根本没有参照完整性）。

幸运的是，我们确实有一个一致的命名场景，因此我能够找到这样的引用表和视图：

SELECT OBJECT_NAME(object_id) from sys.columns where name like 'client_id'

我使用此选择作为生成脚本的基础，该脚本需要在相关表上执行。

p15097962069

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如何列出引用SQL Server中给定表的所有外键？

我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何获取要删除表需要删除的所有外键约束的列表？（与在Management Studio的GUI中单击相比，SQL的答案更好。
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