如何编写内联if语句用于打印？

本文翻译自：How to write inline if statement for print?

I need to print some stuff only when a boolean variable is set to True . 我只需要在布尔变量设置为True时打印一些东西。 So, after looking at this , I tried with a simple example: 所以，看后这个 ，我试图用一个简单的例子：

>>> a = 100
>>> b = True
>>> print a if b
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    print a if b
             ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax  

Same thing if I write print a if b==True . 如果我写print a if b==True一样的东西。

What am I missing here? 我在这里错过了什么？

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#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/nqdq/如何编写内联if语句用于打印

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#2楼

Inline if-else EXPRESSION must always contain else clause, eg: 内联if-else EXPRESSION必须始终包含else子句，例如：

a = 1 if b else 0

If you want to leave your 'a' variable value unchanged - assing old 'a' value (else is still required by syntax demands): 如果你想保持'a'变量值不变 - 确定旧的'a'值（语法要求仍然需要）：

a = 1 if b else a

This piece of code leaves a unchanged when b turns to be False. 这段代码留下不变当b变成是假的。

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#3楼

You always need an else in an inline if: 如果出现以下情况，您总是需要内联else ：

a = 1 if b else 0

But an easier way to do it would be a = int(b) . 但更简单的方法是a = int(b) 。

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#4楼

The 'else' statement is mandatory. 'else'语句是强制性的。 You can do stuff like this : 你可以做这样的事情：

>>> b = True
>>> a = 1 if b else None
>>> a
1
>>> b = False
>>> a = 1 if b else None
>>> a
>>> 

EDIT: 编辑：

Or, depending of your needs, you may try: 或者，根据您的需要，您可以尝试：

>>> if b: print(a)

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#5楼

For your case this works: 对于您的情况，这适用：

a = b or 0

Edit: How does this work? 编辑：这是如何工作的？

In the question 在问题中

b = True

So evaluating 所以评估

b or 0

results in 结果是

True

which is assigned to a . 分配给a 。

If b == False? 如果b == False? , b or 0 would evaluate to the second operand 0 which would be assigned to a . ， b or 0将评估将分配给a的第二个操作数0 。

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#6楼

Python does not have a trailing if statement . Python 没有尾随if 语句 。

There are two kinds of if in Python: 在Python中有两种if ：

1. if statement: if声明：

    if condition: statement if condition: block 

2. if expression (introduced in Python 2.5) if 表达式 （在Python 2.5中引入）

    expression_if_true if condition else expression_if_false 

And note, that both print a and b = a are statements. 请注意， print a和b = a都是语句。 Only the a part is an expression. 只有a部分是表达式。 So if you write 所以，如果你写

print a if b else 0

it means 它的意思是

print (a if b else 0)

and similarly when you write 而且当你写作时也是如此

x = a if b else 0

it means 它的意思是

x = (a if b else 0)

Now what would it print/assign if there was no else clause? 现在，如果没有else条款，它会打印/分配else ？ The print/assignment is still there . 打印/分配仍在那里 。

And note, that if you don't want it to be there, you can always write the regular if statement on a single line, though it's less readable and there is really no reason to avoid the two-line variant. 请注意，如果您不希望它出现在那里，您总是可以在一行上编写常规if语句，尽管它的可读性较差，并且没有理由避免使用两行变体。