先来看一段 demo 代码:
from concurrent import futures
import time
import random
def returnNumber(number: int)->int:
print("start return number {}".format(number))
time.sleep(random.randint(10, 20))
print("end return number {}".format(number))
return number
if __name__ == '__main__':
with futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(5) as executor:
to_do = []
for number in range(0, 10):
future = executor.submit(returnNumber, number) # 添加到futures的任务队列,等待排队执行
print(future)
to_do.append(future)
print("-----middle-----")
for future in futures.as_completed(to_do): # 当某一个future任务执行完毕后,执行下面代码。会阻塞,等待线程完成后执行
res = future.result() # 获取线程的返回结果
print(res)
print("-----end-----")
执行结果解释:
start return number 0
<Future at 0x1b8b4728390 state=running>
start return number 1
<Future at 0x1b8b4ffff98 state=running>
start return number 2
<Future at 0x1b8b5022160 state=running>
start return number 3
<Future at 0x1b8b5022390 state=running>
start return number 4
<Future at 0x1b8b50225c0 state=running>
<Future at 0x1b8b50227b8 state=pending> # 由于线程池是5个线程,其他的任务将会标记为padding状态等待执行
<Future at 0x1b8b5022898 state=pending>
<Future at 0x1b8b50227f0 state=pending>
<Future at 0x1b8b50229b0 state=pending>
<Future at 0x1b8b5022a90 state=pending>
-----middle----- # 打印完middle将等待第一个线程结束
end return number 2 # 第一个线程结束
end return number 0
start return number 5
start return number 6
2 # 此时as_completed方法执行
0
end return number 4
start return number 7
4
end return number 1
start return number 8
1
end return number 3
start return number 9
3
end return number 5
5
end return number 6
6
end return number 7
7
end return number 8
8
end return number 9
9
-----end----- # 所有future执行完,程序结束