一、Struts2文件上传
Struts2的文件上传实现非常简单,只需要简单几步就可完成;
注意:
(1)文件上传的struts2标签为:<s:file name="" label="上传"/>
(2)文件上传的前提是表单属性method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data";
(3)web应用中必须包含common-fileupload.jar和common-io.jar,因为struts2默认上传解析器使用的是jakarta;
(4)可以在struts.xml中配置最大允许上传的文件大小:<constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="....."/>,默认为2M;
1.普通文件上传
实现规则:
(1)在JSP中设定表单控件<s:file name="upload" label="上传"/>
(2)在Action中定义属性:
private File upload; //包含文件内容
private String uploadFileName; //上传文件的名称;
private String uploadContentType; //上传文件的MIME类型;
这些属性都会随着文件的上传自动赋值;
(3)在execute()中完成写入磁盘功能;
代码示例:
Upload01Action.java
- package org.upload.action;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
- public class Upload01Action extends ActionSupport {
- private File upload;
- private String uploadFileName;
- private String uploadContentType;
- private String name;
- public String execute()throws Exception{
- String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
- String filename = path+File.separator+name;
- FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(upload);
- FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);
- byte[]b = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while((len=in.read(b))>0){
- out.write(b,0,len);
- }
- out.close();
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- public File getUpload() {
- return upload;
- }
- public void setUpload(File upload) {
- this.upload = upload;
- }
- public String getUploadFileName() {
- return uploadFileName;
- }
- public void setUploadFileName(String uploadFileName) {
- this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;
- }
- public String getUploadContentType() {
- return uploadContentType;
- }
- public void setUploadContentType(String uploadContentType) {
- this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- }
struts.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
- <struts>
- <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
- <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message"></constant>
- <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="upload0*" class="org.upload.action.Upload0{1}Action">
- <param name="name">1.jpg</param>
- <result>/{1}.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
1.jsp
- <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>My JSP '1.jsp' starting page</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <s:form action="upload01" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
- <s:file name="upload" label="上传"></s:file>
- <s:submit value="上传"></s:submit>
- </s:form>
- </body>
- </html>
2.利用拦截器进行过滤
手动实现过滤的方式非常简单,就是利用输入校验的方式进行过滤,即在validate()中进行过滤;
而这里要讲的拦截器方式是很好的方式,只需要在配置文件中配置,灵活性很好,能够限制文件的类型、文件的大小;如果上传的文件不符合要求,则返回input逻辑视图;
配置拦截器步骤:
(1)文件上传的拦截器为fileUpload;
(2)需要给定参数allowedTypes、maximumSize;
(3)在fileUpload拦截器后,需要添加<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>
代码示例:
由于通过拦截器进行过滤只需要配置struts.xml,因此这里只给出struts.xml的配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
- <struts>
- <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
- <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message"></constant>
- <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="upload0*" class="org.upload.action.Upload0{1}Action">
- <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload">
- <param name="allowedTypes">image/jpeg,image/gif</param>
- <param name="maximumSize">1024*1024</param>
- </interceptor-ref>
- <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
- <param name="name">1.jpg</param>
- <result>/{1}.jsp</result>
- <result name="input">/{1}.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
我们还需要配置文件上传失败后的错误提示信息,我们需要在全局国际化资源文件中配置:
- struts.messages.error.content.type.not.allowed=文件类型不匹配
- struts.messages.error.file.too.large=文件太大
二、Struts2文件下载
我们在学习Servlet和HTTP协议时已经可以实现文件下载,即写content-disposition头即可,struts2的实现原理也是这个,但是提供了更好的封装性;
struts2的stream结果类型专门用于实现文件下载;
(1)struts.xml中配置stream结果类型,并配置contentType、contentDisposition、bufferSize参数即可,模板:
- <action name="download" class="">
- <result type="stream" name="success">
- <param name="contentType"></param>
- <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename=""</param>
- <param name="bufferSize">4096</param>
- </result>
- </action>
(2)在Action中创建public InputStream getInputStream()throws Exception;方法,此方法用于获得下载文件的输入流;
DownloadAction.java
- package org.download.action;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
- public class DownloadAction extends ActionSupport {
- public InputStream getInputStream()throws Exception{
- return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/upload/1.jpg");
- }
- public String execute()throws Exception{
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- }
struts.xml
- <action name="download" class="org.download.action.DownloadAction">
- <result type="stream" name="success">
- <param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param>
- <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename="1.jpg"</param>
- <param name="bufferSize">4096</param>
- </result>
- </action>
就可以完成下载;