GridBagLayout是java中最有弹性但也是最复杂的一种版面管理器。它只有一种构造函数,但必须配合GridBagConstraints才能达到设置的效果。 GridBagLayout的类层次结构图:
java.lang.Object
--java.awt.GridBagLayout
构造函数:
GirdBagLayout()建立一个新的GridBagLayout管理器。
GridBagConstraints()建立一个新的GridBagConstraints对象。
GridBagConstraints(int gridx,int gridy,int gridwidth,int gridheight,double weightx,double weighty, int anchor,int fill, Insets insets,int ipadx,int ipady)建立一个新的GridBagConstraints对象 ,并指定其参数的值。
参数说明:
gridx,gridy:设置组件的位置,gridx设置为GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE代表此组件位于之前所加入组件的右边。 若将gridy设置为GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE代表此组件位于以前所加入组件的下面。建议定义出gridx,gridy的位置,以便以后维护程序。表示放在几行几列,gridx=0,gridy=0时放在0行0列。
gridwidth,gridheight:用来设置组件所占的单位长度与高度,默认值皆为1。你可以使用GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER常 量,代表此组件为此行或此列的最后一个组件,而且会占据所有剩余的空间。
weightx,weighty:用来设置窗口变大时,各组件跟着变大的比例,当数字越大,表示组件能得到更多的空间,默认值皆为0。
anchor:当组件空间大于组件本身时,要将组件置于何处,有CENTER(默认值)、NORTH、NORTHEAST、EAST、SOUTHEAST、 WEST、NORTHWEST可供选择。
insets:设置组件之间彼此的间距,它有四个参数,分别是上,左,下,右,默认为(0,0,0,0).
ipadx,ipady:设置组件内的间距,默认值为0。
我们以前提过,GridBagLayout里的各种设置都必须通过GridBagConstraints,因此当我们将GridBagConstraints的参数都设置 好了之后,必须new一个GridBagConstraints的对象出来,以便GridBagLayout使用。
例子: GridBagLayoutDemo.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class GridBagLayoutDemo {
public GridBagLayoutDemo() {
JButton b;
GridBagConstraints c;
int gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight, anchor, fill, ipadx, ipady;
double weightx, weighty;
Insets inset;
JFrame f = new JFrame();
GridBagLayout gridbag = new GridBagLayout();
Container contentPane = f.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(gridbag);
b = new JButton("first");
gridx = 0;
gridy = 0;
gridwidth = 1;
gridheight = 1;
weightx = 10;
weighty = 1;
anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
ipadx = 0;
ipady = 0;
c = new GridBagConstraints(gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight,
weightx, weighty, anchor, fill, inset, ipadx, ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b, c);
contentPane.add(b);
b = new JButton("second");
gridx = 1;
gridy = 0;
gridwidth = 2;
gridheight = 1;
weightx = 1;
weighty = 1;
anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
ipadx = 50;
ipady = 0;
c = new GridBagConstraints(gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight,
weightx, weighty, anchor, fill, inset, ipadx, ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b, c);
contentPane.add(b);
b = new JButton("third");
gridx = 0;
gridy = 1;
gridwidth = 1;
gridheight = 1;
weightx = 1;
weighty = 1;
anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
ipadx = 0;
ipady = 50;
c = new GridBagConstraints(gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight,
weightx, weighty, anchor, fill, inset, ipadx, ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b, c);
contentPane.add(b);
b = new JButton("fourth");
gridx = 1;
gridy = 1;
gridwidth = 1;
gridheight = 1;
weightx = 1;
weighty = 1;
anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
ipadx = 0;
ipady = 0;
c = new GridBagConstraints(gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight,
weightx, weighty, anchor, fill, inset, ipadx, ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b, c);
contentPane.add(b);
b = new JButton("This is the last button");
gridx = 2;
gridy = 1;
gridwidth = 1;
gridheight = 2;
weightx = 1;
weighty = 1;
anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
ipadx = 0;
ipady = 50;
c = new GridBagConstraints(gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight,
weightx, weighty, anchor, fill, inset, ipadx, ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b, c);
contentPane.add(b);
f.setTitle("GridBagLayout");
f.pack();
f.setVisible(true);
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new GridBagLayoutDemo();
}
}