调用Toast类

    调用Toast类的以下方法,可创建Toast:

      public static Toast makeText(Context context, int resId, int duration)

      该方法的Context参数通常是Activity的一个实例(Activity本身就是Context的子类).第二个参数是toast要显示字符串消息的资源ID.Toast类必须借助COntext才能找到并使用字符串资源ID.第三个参数通常是两个Toast常量中的一个,用来指定toast消息的停留时间.

      创建toast后,可调用Toast.show()方法在屏幕上显示toast消息. 

      在QuizActivity代码里,分别调用makeText(...)方法,如代码QuizActivity所示.在添加makeText(...)时,可利用Android Studio的代码自动补全功能,让代码输入更轻松.

string.xml:

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">GeoQuiz</string>
    <string name="question_text">Canberra is the capital of Australis.</string>
    <string name="true_button">True</string>
    <string name="false_button">False</string>
    <string name="correct_toast">Correct!</string>
    <string name="incorrect_toast">Incorrect!</string>
</resources>

activity_quiz:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="www.lvluohudong.com.geoquiz.QuizActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="20dp"
        android:text="@string/question_text" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/true_button"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/true_button" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/false_button"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/false_button" />
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

QuizActivity:

public class QuizActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button mTrueButton;
    private Button mFalseBuuton;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
      
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_quiz);
        //引用组件
        mTrueButton = findViewById(R.id.true_button);
        mTrueButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(QuizActivity.this,
                        R.string.correct_toast,
                        Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
        mFalseBuuton = findViewById(R.id.false_button);
        mFalseBuuton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(QuizActivity.this,
                        R.string.incorrect_toast,
                        Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
    }
}

    在makeText(...)里,传入QuizActivity实例作为Context的参数值.注意此处输入的参数是QuizActivity.this,不要想当然的直接传入this.因为匿名内部类的使用,这里的this只的是监听器View.OnClickListener.

运行效果如下: