iBatis学习笔记(映射文件小结)

映射文件总体形式:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE sqlMap

PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN"

"http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd">

<sqlMap namespace=”Product”>

<cacheModel id=”productCache” type=”LRU”>

<flushInterval hours=”24”/>

<property name=”size” value=”1000” />

</cacheModel>

<typeAlias alias=”product” type=”com.ibatis.example.Product” />

<parameterMap id=”productParam” class=”product”>

<parameter property=”id”/>

</parameterMap>

<resultMap id=”productResult” class=”product”>

<result property=”id” column=”PRD_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”PRD_DESCRIPTION”/>

</resultMap>

<select id=”getProduct” parameterMap=”productParam”

resultMap=”productResult” cacheModel=”product-cache”>

select * from PRODUCT where PRD_ID = ?

</select>

</sqlMap>

映射的查询语句形式:

<statement id=”statementName”

[parameterClass=”some.class.Name”]

[resultClass=”some.class.Name”]

[parameterMap=”nameOfParameterMap”]

[resultMap=”nameOfResultMap”]

[cacheModel=”nameOfCache”]

[timeout=“5”]>

select * from PRODUCT where PRD_ID = [?|#propertyName#]

order by [$simpleDynamic$]

</statement>

<insert id=”insertTestProduct” >

insert into PRODUCT (PRD_ID, PRD_DESCRIPTION) values (1, “Shih Tzu”)

</insert>

<select id="getPersonsByAge" parameterClass=”int” resultClass="examples.domain.Person">

SELECT *

FROM PERSON

WHERE AGE <![CDATA[ > ]]> #value#

</select>

下面的表格说明了所有支持的查询语句形式及其属性:

 

可定义SQL Fragments对部分SQL语句进行复用:

<sql id="selectItem_fragment">

FROM items

WHERE parentid = 6

</sql>

<select id="selectItemCount" resultClass="int">

SELECT COUNT(*) AS total

<include refid="selectItem_fragment"/>

</select>

<select id="selectItems" resultClass="Item">

SELECT id, name

<include refid="selectItem_fragment"/>

</select>

 

对某些数据库的自动增长键有支持,但不同的支持策略,例:

 

<!—Oracle SEQUENCE Example -->

<insert id="insertProduct-ORACLE" parameterClass="com.domain.Product">

<selectKey resultClass="int" >

SELECT STOCKIDSEQUENCE.NEXTVAL AS ID FROM DUAL

</selectKey>

insert into PRODUCT (PRD_ID,PRD_DESCRIPTION)

values (#id#,#description#)

</insert>

<!— Microsoft SQL Server IDENTITY Column Example -->

<insert id="insertProduct-MS-SQL" parameterClass="com.domain.Product">

insert into PRODUCT (PRD_DESCRIPTION)

values (#description#)

<selectKey resultClass="int" >

SELECT @@IDENTITY AS ID

</selectKey>

</insert>

更具体内容参见帮助文档。

 

存储过程:

<parameterMap id="swapParameters" class="map" >

<parameter property="email1" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" mode="INOUT"/>

<parameter property="email2" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" mode="INOUT"/>

</parameterMap>

<procedure id="swapEmailAddresses" parameterMap="swapParameters" >

{call swap_email_address (?, ?)}

</procedure>

 

存储过程影响数据库表,同时也影响参数对象,mode若是INOUT或OUT,参数对象会被改变,否则不改变。

 

对于映射查询,iBatis建议:参数使用inline-parameter,也就是parameterClass(不是parameterMap),而结果使用resultMap(不是resultClass)。

 

parameterMap格式:

<parameterMap id=”parameterMapName” [class=”com.domain.Product”]>

<parameter property =”propertyName” [jdbcType=”VARCHAR”] [javaType=”string”]

[nullValue=“-9999”]

[typeName=”{REF or user-defined type}”]

[resultMap=someResultMap]

[mode=IN|OUT|INOUT]

[typeHandler=someTypeHandler]

[numericScale=2]/>

<parameter …… />

<parameter …… />

</parameterMap>

 

resultMap格式:

<resultMap id=”resultMapName” class=”some.domain.Class”

[extends=”parent-resultMap”]

[groupBy=“some property list”]>

<result property=”propertyName” column=”COLUMN_NAME”

[columnIndex=”1”] [javaType=”int”] [jdbcType=”NUMERIC”]

[nullValue=”-999999”] [select=”someOtherStatement”]

[resultMap=“someOtherResultMap”]

[typeHandler=“com.mydomain.MyTypehandler”]

/>

<result ……/>

<result ……/>

<result ……/>

</resultMap>

 

java.util.Map接口的实现类也可作为parameterMap或resultMap的class。

 

复杂查询:

N+1查询(结合cache的话会比连接查询好,没有cache很糟):

<resultMap id=”get-product-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Product”>

<result property=”id” column=”PRD_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”PRD_DESCRIPTION”/>

<result property=”category” column=”PRD_CAT_ID ” select=”getCategory”/>

</resultMap>

<resultMap id=”get-category-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Category”>

<result property=”id” column=”CAT_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”CAT_DESCRIPTION”/>

</resultMap>

<select id=”getProduct” parameterClass=”int” resultMap=”get-product-result”>

select * from PRODUCT where PRD_ID = #value#

</select>

<select id=”getCategory” parameterClass=”int” resultMap=”get-category-result”>

select * from CATEGORY where CAT_ID = #value#

</select>

 

连接查询(iBatis解决复杂查询的通常方式,但有cache时候可能不如N+1查询):

<resultMap id=”get-product-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Product”>

<result property=”id” column=”PRD_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”PRD_DESCRIPTION”/>

<result property=”category.id” column=”CAT_ID ” />

<result property=”category.description” column=”CAT_DESCRIPTION ” />

</resultMap>

<select id=”getProduct” parameterClass=”int” resultMap=”get-product-result”>

select *

from PRODUCT, CATEGORY

where PRD_CAT_ID=CAT_ID

and PRD_ID = #value#

</select>

或者:

<resultMap id=”get-product-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Product”>

<result property=”id” column=”PRD_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”PRD_DESCRIPTION”/>

<result property=”category” resultMap=“get-category-result” />

</resultMap>

<resultMap id=”get-category-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Category”>

<result property=”id” column=”CAT_ID ” />

<result property=”description” column=”CAT_DESCRIPTION ” />

</resultMap>

<select id=”getProduct” parameterClass=”int” resultMap=”get-product-result”>

select *

from PRODUCT, CATEGORY

where PRD_CAT_ID=CAT_ID

and PRD_ID = #value#

</select>

复杂集合查询:

N+1法:

<resultMap id=”get-category-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Category”>

<result property=”id” column=”CAT_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”CAT_DESCRIPTION”/>

<result property=”productList” column=”CAT_ID ” select=” getProductsByCatId”/>

</resultMap>

<resultMap id=”get-product-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Product”>

<result property=”id” column=”PRD_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”PRD_DESCRIPTION”/>

</resultMap>

<select id=”getCategory” parameterClass=”int” resultMap=”get-category-result”>

select * from CATEGORY where CAT_ID = #value#

</select>

<select id=”getProductsByCatId” parameterClass=”int” resultMap=”get-product-result”>

select * from PRODUCT where PRD_CAT_ID = #value#

</select>

groupBy法:

<sqlMap namespace="ProductCategory">

<resultMap id=”categoryResult” class=”com.ibatis.example.Category” groupBy=”id”>

<result property=”id” column=”CAT_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”CAT_DESCRIPTION”/>

<result property=”productList” resultMap=”ProductCategory.productResult”/>

</resultMap>

<resultMap id=”productResult” class=”com.ibatis.example.Product”>

<result property=”id” column=”PRD_ID”/>

<result property=”description” column=”PRD_DESCRIPTION”/>

</resultMap>

<select id=”getCategory” parameterClass=”int” resultMap=”categoryResult”>

select C.CAT_ID, C.CAT_DESCRIPTION, P.PRD_ID, P.PRD_DESCRIPTION

from CATEGORY C

left outer join PRODUCT P

on C.CAT_ID = P.PRD_CAT_ID

where CAT_ID = #value#

</select>

</sqlMap>

注:groupBy属性不能和queryForPaginatedList()调用同时使用。

N+1查询中的符合查询:

<resultMap id=”get-order-result” class=”com.ibatis.example.Order”>

<result property=”id” column=”ORD_ID”/>

<result property=”customerId” column=”ORD_CST_ID”/>

<result property=”payments” column=”{itemId=ORD_ID, custId=ORD_CST_ID}

select=”getOrderPayments”/>

</resultMap>

<select id=”getOrderPayments” resultMap=”get-payment-result”>

select * from PAYMENT

where PAY_ORD_ID = #itemId#

and PAY_CST_ID = #custId#

</select>

数据类型表:

 

自定义TypeHandler:

public class YesNoBoolTypeHandlerCallback implements TypeHandlerCallback {

private static final String YES = "Y";

private static final String NO = "N";

public Object getResult(ResultGetter getter)

throws SQLException {

String s = getter.getString();

if (YES.equalsIgnoreCase(s)) {

return new Boolean (true);

} else if (NO.equalsIgnoreCase(s)) {

return new Boolean (false);

} else {

throw new SQLException (

"Unexpected value " + s + " found where " + YES + " or " + NO + " was expected.");

}

}

public void setParameter(ParameterSetter setter, Object parameter)

throws SQLException {

boolean b = ((Boolean)parameter).booleanValue();

if (b) {

setter.setString(YES);

} else {

setter.setString(NO);

}

}

public Object valueOf(String s) {

if (YES.equalsIgnoreCase(s)) {

return new Boolean (true);

} else {

return new Boolean (false);

}

}

然后在sqlMapConfig文件里加上如下配置:

<typeHandler

javaType="boolean"

jdbcType=”VARCHAR”

callback="org.apache.ibatis.sqlmap.extensions.YesNoBoolTypeHandlerCallback"/>

缓存设置:

<cacheModel id="product-cache" type ="LRU" readOnly=”true” serialize=”false”>

<flushInterval hours="24"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="insertProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="updateProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="deleteProduct"/>

<property name=”cache-size” value=”1000” />

</cacheModel>

<select id=”getProductList” cacheModel=”product-cache”>

select * from PRODUCT where PRD_CAT_ID = #value#

</select>

Readonly属性默认为true,但若想要在返回的对象上做更改的话,设为false。

Serialize属性设置为false后,该cache为全局共享cache,这种cache不能是readOnly的(因为没意义)。

Cache的种类:

MEMORY——java特殊引用类实现的cache

<cacheModel id="product-cache" type="MEMORY">

<flushInterval hours="24"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="insertProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="updateProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="deleteProduct"/>

<property name=”reference-type” value=”WEAK” />

</cacheModel>

所有的referencetype:

 

LRU——最少使用算法的cache:

<cacheModel id="product-cache" type="LRU">

<flushInterval hours="24"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="insertProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="updateProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="deleteProduct"/>

<property name=”size” value=”1000” />

</cacheModel>

FIFO——先进先出算法的cache:

<cacheModel id="product-cache" type="FIFO">

<flushInterval hours="24"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="insertProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="updateProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="deleteProduct"/>

<property name=”size” value=”1000” />

</cacheModel>

OSCACHE——插件cache,opensymphony的cache实现,参见:http://www.opensymphony.com/oscache/

<cacheModel id="product-cache" type="OSCACHE">

<flushInterval hours="24"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="insertProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="updateProduct"/>

<flushOnExecute statement="deleteProduct"/>

</cacheModel>

构造动态SQL语句:

<dynamic>元素: 总的包含元素,并提供最外层的开头预设字、开始字符串和结束字符串。

prepend – 加在本体前面的预设字符 (可选)

open – 标识本体开始的开始字符串(可选)

close – 标识本题结束的结束字符串 (可选)

dynamic元素的removeFirstPrepend属性是强制的,所以它的第一个子元素的prepend字符串在生成语句的时候总是会被取消掉。

 

二元操作标记:

<isEqual> 检查一个属性和一个给定值或另一个属性是否相等。

<isNotEqual>检查一个属性和一个给定值或另一个属性是否不相等。

<isGreaterThan> 检查一个属性是否大于一个给定值或另一个属性。

<isGreaterEqual> 检查一个属性是否大于或等于一个给定值或另一个属性。

<isLessThan> 检查一个属性是否小于一个给定值或另一个属性。

<isLessEqual> 检查一个属性是否小于或等于一个给定值或另一个属性。

属性:

prepend – the overridable SQL part that will be prepended to the statement (optional)

property – the property to be compared (required)

compareProperty – the other property to be compared (required or compareValue)

compareValue – the value to be compared (required or compareProperty)

removeFirstPrepend – removes the prepend of the first nested content producing tag (true|false, optional)

open – the string with which to open the entire resulting body content (optional)

close – the string with which to close the entire resulting body content (optional)

 

举例:

<isLessEqual prepend=”AND” property=”age” compareValue=”18”>

ADOLESCENT = ‘TRUE’

</isLessEqual>

 

一元判断标记:

<isPropertyAvailable> Checks if a property is available (i.e is a property of the parameter bean)

<isNotPropertyAvailable> Checks if a property is unavailable (i.e not a property of the parameter bean)

<isNull> Checks if a property is null.

<isNotNull> Checks if a property is not null.

<isEmpty> Checks to see if the value of a Collection, String or String.valueOf() property

is null or empty (“” or size() < 1).

<isNotEmpty> Checks to see if the value of a Collection, String or String.valueOf() property

is not null and not empty (“” or size() < 1).

属性:

prepend – the overridable SQL part that will be prepended to the statement (optional)

property – the property to be checked (required)

removeFirstPrepend – removes the prepend of the first nested content producing tag (true|false, optional)

open – the string with which to open the entire resulting body content (optional)

close – the string with which to close the entire resulting body content (optional)

举例:

<isNotEmpty prepend=”AND” property=”firstName” >

FIRST_NAME=#firstName#

</isNotEmpty>

其它标记:

<isParameterPresent> Checks to see if the parameter object is present (not null).

<isNotParameterPresent> Checks to see if the parameter object is not present (null).

属性:

prepend – the overridable SQL part that will be prepended to the statement (optional)

removeFirstPrepend – removes the prepend of the first nested content producing tag (true|false, optional)

open – the string with which to open the entire resulting body content (optional)

close – the string with which to close the entire resulting body content (optional)

举例:

<isNotParameterPresent prepend=”AND”>

EMPLOYEE_TYPE = ‘DEFAULT’

</isNotParameterPresent>

 

<iterate> Iterates over a property that is an implementation java.util.Collection, or

java.util.Iterator, or is an array.

例:

<iterate prepend=”AND” property=”userNameList”

open=”(” close=”)” conjunction=”OR”>

username=#userNameList[]#

</iterate>

当集合类单独被当作参数传进此查询时,也可以这么写:

<iterate prepend=”AND” open=”(” close=”)” conjunction=”OR”>

username=#[]#

</iterate>

也可以像这样选择集合中对象的属性:

<iterate prepend=”AND” property=”userList”

open=”(” close=”)” conjunction=”OR”>

firstname=#userList[].firstName# and

lastname=#userList[].lastName#

</iterate>

该标签还可以自己嵌套:

<dynamic prepend="where">

<iterate property="orConditions" conjunction="or">

(

<iterate property="orConditions[].conditions"

conjunction="and">

$orConditions[].conditions[].condition$

#orConditions[].conditions[].value#

</iterate>

)

</iterate>

</dynamic>

若只是想生成一些简单的动态sql语句,这样写就可以:

<select id=”getProduct” resultMap=”get-product-result”>

select * from PRODUCT order by $preferredOrder$

</select>

注意“$”,不是“#”,这是和为preparedStatement赋值的普通属性的取得的不同之处。

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