I2C知识大全系列六 —— I2C应用之Linux下的I2C

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/phmatthaus/article/details/127484390

Linux中分为驱动层和应用层，在这里列举两个Linux下的I2C应用程序，分别为通过read()、write()接口和通过ioctl()接口读写I2C设备的例程。

Linux下的i2c应用程序（read、write方式）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    unsigned int fd;
    unsigned short mem_addr;
    unsigned short size;
    unsigned short idx;
#define BUFF_SIZE    32
    char buf[BUFF_SIZE];
    char cswap; 
    union
    {
        unsigned short addr;
        char bytes[2];
    } tmp;

    if (argc < 3) {
        printf(“Usage:\n%s /dev/i2c-x mem_addr size\n”, argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }
    sscanf(argv[2], “%d”, &mem_addr);
    sscanf(argv[3], “%d”, &size);
    if (size > BUFF_SIZE)
        size = BUFF_SIZE;

    fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);
    if (!fd) {
        printf(“error on opening the device file\n”);
        return -1;
    }
    ioctl(fd, I2C_SLAVE, 0x50); // 设置EEPROM地址
    ioctl(fd, I2C_TIMEOUT, 1); // 设置超时
    ioctl(fd, I2C_RETRIES, 1); // 设置重试次数

    for (idx=0; idx<size; ++idx, ++mem_addr) {
        tmp.addr = mem_addr;
        cswap = tmp.bytes[0];
        tmp.bytes[0] = tmp.bytes[1];
        tmp.bytes[1] = cswap;
        write(fd, &tmp.addr, 2);
        read(fd, &buf[idx], 1);
    }
    buf[size] = 0;
    close(fd);
    printf(“read %d char: %s\n”, size, buf);

    return 0;
}

Linux下的i2c应用程序（ioctl方式）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    struct i2c_rdwr_ioctl_data work_queue;
    unsigned int idx;
    unsigned int fd;
    unsigned int slave_address, reg_address;
    unsigned char val;
    int i;
    int ret;

    if (argc < 4) {
        printf(“Usage:\n%s /dev/i2c-x start_addr reg_addr\n”, argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);
    if (!fd) {
        printf(“error on opening the device file\n”);
        return -1;
    }
    sscanf(argv[2], “%x”, &slave_address);
    sscanf(argv[3], “%x”, &reg_address);

    work_queue.nmsgs = 2;
    work_queue.msgs = (struct i2c_msgs *)malloc(work_queue.nmsgs * sizeof(struct i2c_msg));
    if (!work_queue.msgs) {
        printf(“memory alloc error\n”);
        close(fd);
        return 1;
    }

    ioctl(fd, I2C_TIMEOUT, 2); // 设置超时
    ioctl(fd, I2C_RETRIES, 1); // 设置重试次数

    for (i=reg_address; i<reg_address+16; i++) {
        val = i;
        (work_qurue.msgs[0]).len = 1;
        (work_queue.msgs[0]).addr = slave_address;
        (work_queue.msgs[0]).buf = &val;

        (work_qurue.msgs[1]).len = 1;
        (work_queue.msgs[1]).flags = I2C_M_RD;
        (work_queue.msgs[1]).addr = slave_address;
        (work_queue.msgs[1]).buf = &val;

        ret = ioctl(fd, I2C_RDWR, (unsigned long) &work_queue);
        if (ret < 0)
            printf(“error during I2C_RDWR ioctl with error code: %d\n”, ret);
        else
            printf(“reg:%02x val:%02x\n”, i ,val);
    }
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}