第四章 时钟 windows程序设计 王艳平版

///
// Clock.cpp文件




#include <windows.h>




#include "resource.h"
#include <math.h>


LRESULT __stdcall WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int __stdcall WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
char szWindowClass[] = "Clock";


// 注册窗口类
WNDCLASSEX wcex;


wcex.cbSize= sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); 
wcex.style= CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc= (WNDPROC)WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra= 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra= 0;
wcex.hInstance= hInstance;
wcex.hIcon= ::LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MAIN);
wcex.hCursor= LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground= (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE + 1); // 此域可以是一个系统定义的颜色值
wcex.lpszMenuName= NULL;
wcex.lpszClassName= szWindowClass;
wcex.hIconSm= NULL;


::RegisterClassEx(&wcex);




// 创建并显示主窗口
HWND hWnd = ::CreateWindowEx(NULL, szWindowClass, "时钟", 
WS_POPUP|WS_SYSMENU|WS_SIZEBOX, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
::ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
::UpdateWindow(hWnd);


// 进入消息循环
MSG msg;
while(::GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
::TranslateMessage(&msg);
::DispatchMessage(&msg); 
}


return 1;
}






//
// 消息处理代码


#define IDT_CLOCK 1
const int IDM_HELP = 100;
const int IDM_TOPMOST = 101;


// 实现函数
void SetIsotropic(HDC hdc,  int cxClient, int cyClient);
void DrawClockFace(HDC hdc);
void DrawHand(HDC hdc, int nLength, int nWidth, int nDegrees, COLORREF clrColor);


// 上一次Windows通知时的时间
static int s_nPreHour;// 小时
static int s_nPreMinute;// 分钟
static int s_nPreSecond;// 秒
// 窗口客户区的大小
static int s_cxClient;
static int s_cyClient;
// 是否位于最顶层
static BOOL s_bTopMost;


LRESULT __stdcall WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(nMsg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
// 向系统菜单中添加自定义的项
HMENUhSysMenu;
hSysMenu = ::GetSystemMenu(hWnd, FALSE);
::AppendMenu(hSysMenu, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, NULL);
::AppendMenu(hSysMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_TOPMOST, "总在最前");
::AppendMenu(hSysMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_HELP, "帮助");

// 设置时间
SYSTEMTIME time;
::GetLocalTime(&time);
s_nPreHour = time.wHour%12;
s_nPreMinute = time.wMinute;
s_nPreSecond = time.wSecond;

// 创建定时器
::SetTimer(hWnd, IDT_CLOCK, 1000, NULL);
return 0;
}
case WM_SIZE:
{
s_cxClient = LOWORD(lParam);
s_cyClient = HIWORD(lParam);
return 0;
}
case WM_PAINT:
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc = ::BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);

// 设置坐标系
SetIsotropic(hdc, s_cxClient, s_cyClient);

// 绘制时钟外观
DrawClockFace(hdc);

// 绘制指针

// 经过1个小时时针走30度（360/12），经过1分钟时针走0.5度（30/60）
DrawHand(hdc, 200, 8, s_nPreHour*30 + s_nPreMinute/2, RGB(0, 0, 0));
// 经过1分钟分针走6度（360/60）
DrawHand(hdc, 400, 6, s_nPreMinute*6, RGB(0, 0, 0));
// 经过1秒钟秒针走6度（360/60）
DrawHand(hdc, 400, 1, s_nPreSecond*6, RGB(0, 0, 0));

::EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
return 0;
}
case WM_TIMER:
{
// 如果窗口处于最小化状态就什么也不做
if(::IsIconic(hWnd))// IsIconic函数用来判断窗口是否处于最小化状态
return 0;

// 取得系统时间
SYSTEMTIME time; 
::GetLocalTime(&time);

// 建立坐标系
HDC hdc = ::GetDC(hWnd);
SetIsotropic(hdc, s_cxClient, s_cyClient);

// 以COLOR_3DFACE为背景色就可以擦除指针了（因为窗口的背景色也是COLOR_3DFACE）
COLORREF crfColor = ::GetSysColor(COLOR_3DFACE); 

// 如果分钟改变的话就擦除时针和分针
if(time.wMinute != s_nPreMinute)
{
// 擦除时针和分针
DrawHand(hdc, 200, 8, s_nPreHour*30 + s_nPreMinute/2, crfColor);
DrawHand(hdc, 400, 6, s_nPreMinute*6, crfColor);
s_nPreHour = time.wHour;
s_nPreMinute = time.wMinute;
}

// 如果秒改变的话就擦除秒针，然后重画所有指针
if(time.wSecond != s_nPreSecond)
{
// 擦除秒针
DrawHand(hdc, 400, 1, s_nPreSecond*6, crfColor);

// 重画所有指针
DrawHand(hdc, 400, 1, time.wSecond*6, RGB(0, 0, 0));
DrawHand(hdc, 200, 8, time.wHour*30 + time.wMinute/2, RGB(0, 0, 0));
DrawHand(hdc, 400, 6, time.wMinute*6, RGB(0, 0, 0));
s_nPreSecond = time.wSecond;
}
return 0;
}
case WM_CONTEXTMENU:
POINT pt; pt.x = LOWORD(lParam); pt.y = HIWORD(lParam);
{
// 取得系统菜单的句柄
HMENU hSysMenu = ::GetSystemMenu(hWnd, FALSE);

// 弹出系统菜单
int nID = ::TrackPopupMenu(hSysMenu,TPM_LEFTALIGN|TPM_RETURNCMD, 
pt.x, pt.y, 0, hWnd, NULL);
if(nID > 0)
::SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, nID, 0);
return 0;
}
case WM_CLOSE:
{
::KillTimer(hWnd, IDT_CLOCK);
::DestroyWindow(hWnd);
return 0;
}
case WM_DESTROY:
{
::PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
caseWM_NCHITTEST:
{
UINT nHitTest;
nHitTest = ::DefWindowProc(hWnd, WM_NCHITTEST, wParam, lParam);
if (nHitTest == HTCLIENT &&
::GetAsyncKeyState(MK_LBUTTON) < 0) // 如果鼠标左键按下，GetAsyncKeyState函数的返回值小于0
nHitTest = HTCAPTION;
return nHitTest;
}
case WM_SYSCOMMAND:
int nID = wParam;
{
if(nID == IDM_HELP)
{
::MessageBox(hWnd, "一个时钟的例子", "时钟", 0);
}
else if(nID == IDM_TOPMOST)
{
HMENU hSysMenu = ::GetSystemMenu(hWnd, FALSE);
if(s_bTopMost)
{
::CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_UNCHECKED);
::SetWindowPos(hWnd, HWND_NOTOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0, 
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOREDRAW | SWP_NOSIZE);
s_bTopMost = FALSE;
}
else
{
::CheckMenuItem(hSysMenu, IDM_TOPMOST, MF_CHECKED);
::SetWindowPos(hWnd, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0,
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOREDRAW | SWP_NOSIZE);
s_bTopMost = TRUE;
}
}
return ::DefWindowProc(hWnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, nID, 0);
}
}


return ::DefWindowProc(hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam);
}








void SetIsotropic(HDC hdc, int cx, int cy)
{
::SetMapMode(hdc, MM_ISOTROPIC);
::SetWindowExtEx(hdc, 1000, 1000, NULL);
::SetViewportExtEx(hdc, cx, -cy, NULL);
::SetViewportOrgEx(hdc, cx/2, cy/2, NULL);
}


// 绘制时钟的外观
void DrawClockFace(HDC hdc)
{
const int SQUARESIZE = 20;
static POINT pt[] =
{
0, 450,// 12点
225, 390,// 1点
390, 225,// 2点
450, 0,// 3点
390, -225,//... 下面的坐标是上面的点的对称点（以X轴、Y轴或原点对称）
225, -390,
0, -450,
-225, -390,
-390, -225,
-450, 0,
-390, 225,
-225, 390
};


// 选择一个黑色的画刷
::SelectObject(hdc, ::GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH));


// 画12个圆
for(int i=0; i<12; i++)
{
::Ellipse(hdc, pt[i].x - SQUARESIZE, pt[i].y + SQUARESIZE,
pt[i].x + SQUARESIZE, pt[i].y - SQUARESIZE);
}
}






// 指针的长度、宽度、相对于0点偏移的角度、颜色分别由参数nLength、nWidth、nDegrees、clrColor指定
void DrawHand(HDC hdc, int nLength, int nWidth, int nDegrees, COLORREF clrColor)
{
// 将角度nDegrees转化成弧度 .2*3.1415926/360 == 0.0174533
double nRadians = (double)nDegrees*0.0174533;


// 计算坐标
POINT pt[2];
pt[0].x = (int)(nLength*sin(nRadians));
pt[0].y = (int)(nLength*cos(nRadians));
pt[1].x = -pt[0].x/5;
pt[1].y = -pt[0].y/5;


// 创建画笔，并选如DC结构中
HPEN hPen = ::CreatePen(PS_SOLID, nWidth, clrColor);
HPEN hOldPen = (HPEN)::SelectObject(hdc, hPen);


// 画线
::MoveToEx(hdc, pt[0].x, pt[0].y, NULL);
::LineTo(hdc, pt[1].x, pt[1].y);


::SelectObject(hdc, hOldPen);
::DeleteObject(hPen);
}