读写锁ReadWriteLock
一:什么是读写锁
读写锁是jdk5提供的读写分离锁,通过分离读和写来减少锁之间的竞争。举个简单例子,线程A、B负责写操作,线程C、D负责读操作。这样一来,可以使得C、D线程真正并行,保证了读可以同时读。但是读和写之间还是要需要相互等待以及持有锁的。它们之间的关系如下:
读 | 写 | |
---|---|---|
读 | 非阻塞 | 阻塞 |
写 | 阻塞 | 阻塞 |
- 读-读:不阻塞
- 读-写:阻塞
- 写-写:阻塞
二:实战
public class ReadWriteLockDemo {
private static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private static ReentrantReadWriteLock reentrantReadWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
private static Lock readLock = reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock();
private static Lock writeLock = reentrantReadWriteLock.writeLock();
private int value;
public Object handleRead(Lock lock) throws InterruptedException {
try {
lock.lock();
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("读取了:" + value);
return value;
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void handleWrite(Lock lock, int index) throws InterruptedException {
try {
lock.lock();
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("写入了:" + value);
value = index;
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
final ReadWriteLockDemo demo = new ReadWriteLockDemo();
Runnable readRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
demo.handleRead(readLock);
//demo.handleRead(lock);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
Runnable writeRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
demo.handleWrite(writeLock, new Random().nextInt(100));
//demo.handleWrite(lock, new Random().nextInt(100));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
for (int i = 0; i < 18; i++) {
new Thread(readRunnable).start();
}
for (int i = 18; i < 20; i++) {
new Thread(writeRunnable).start();
}
}
}
首先让读和写都耗时1秒,然后通过demo.handleRead(readLock)和 demo.handleRead(readLock)进行读和写,读使用读锁,写使用写锁,,会发现读线程并行执行,而写操作会阻塞。大概就需要2秒执行完,如果你使用了重入锁,不好意思大概需要20秒。