Java多线程(ExecutorService), 等待所有线程执行完毕.

这篇文章非原创，来自两位大神的代码：

常用的两种方式:

第一种方式:来自大神cletus的回答, 原文链接

ExecutorService taskExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);
while(...) {
  taskExecutor.execute(new MyTask());
}
taskExecutor.shutdown();
try {
  taskExecutor.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
  ...
}

第二种方式:来自大神ChssPly76的回答, 原文链接

CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(totalNumberOfTasks);
ExecutorService taskExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);
while(...) {
  taskExecutor.execute(new MyTask());
}

try {
  latch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException E) {
   // handle
}

然后在线程方法中加入:

       try {
            ...
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            countDownLatch.countDown();
        }

作者建议用第二种方式，即用  CountDownLatch 来实现。

完整实例如下：

我们先定义一个 Runnable 类：CountDownLatchRunnable

关键点1：我们要通过 CountDownLatch  来计数，因此我需要把 CountDownLatch  对象传到这个 Runnable 类中。

关键点2：每次执行完后，一定要 countDownLatch.countDown()

@Slf4j
public class CountDownLatchRunnable implements Runnable {
    private final String command;
    private final CountDownLatch countDownLatch;

    public CountDownLatchRunnable(String command, CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
        this.command = command;
        this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " start. Command = " + command);
        processCommand(command);
        log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " finish.");
    }

    private void processCommand(String command) {
        log.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":, doing work:" + command);
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            countDownLatch.countDown();
        }
    }
}

然后实现运行：

@Slf4j
public class Run {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        log.info("Main thread start.");

        int theadNum = 3;
        // CountDownLatch 需要将对象传入需要'等待完成'的线程对象中
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(theadNum);
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(theadNum);
        Runnable worker = new CountDownLatchRunnable("Task", countDownLatch);

        // 创建5个线程, 提交到线程池
        for (int i = 0; i < theadNum; i++) {
            executorService.execute(worker); // 同一个实例对象
        }
        // 等待所有线程执行完成(线程阻塞)
        countDownLatch.await();

        log.info("Main thread finish.");

        // 停止接受新任务,当已有任务将执行完,关闭线程池
        executorService.shutdown();
        // 等待线程池中所有的任务执行完成, 前提是执行了 shutdown
        while (!executorService.isTerminated()) {
            // 等待所有线程执行完成
        }
        log.info("exit");
    }
}

运行结果如下：

Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:32229', transport: 'socket'
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:48 j.b.j.t.t.t2_wait_countdownlatch.Run: Main thread start.
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:48 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-1 start. Command = Task
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:48 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-1:, doing work:Task
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:48 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-2 start. Command = Task
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:48 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-2:, doing work:Task
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:48 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-3 start. Command = Task
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:48 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-3:, doing work:Task
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:49 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-3 finish.
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:49 j.b.j.t.t.t2_wait_countdownlatch.Run: Main thread finish.
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:49 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-1 finish.
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:49 j.b.j.t.t.t.CountDownLatchRunnable: pool-1-thread-2 finish.
[zhang-console] INFO 2023-11-18 03:07:49 j.b.j.t.t.t2_wait_countdownlatch.Run: exit
Disconnected from the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:32229', transport: 'socket'