集(8-HashSet、SortedSet)

集的概念

集 set 不是 集合 list，集合可以包含可重复的元素，集中包含的元素是唯一的，不能有重复

HashSet和SortedSet的区别

共同点：
1. 都是集，都具有集的特征，包含的元素不能有重复

不同点：
1. HashSet的元素是无序的，SortedSet的元素是有序的

示例

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication34
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var companyTeams = new HashSet<string> { "Ferrari", "McLaren", "Mercedes" };//公司队
            var traditionalTeams = new HashSet<string> { "Ferrari", "McLaren" };//传统队
            var privateTeams = new HashSet<string> { "Red Bull", "Toro Rosso", "Force India", "Sauber" };//私有队

            //Add方法，将一个元素添加到集中，成功返回true失败返回false

            if (privateTeams.Add("Williams"))//返回true
                Console.WriteLine("Williams Add Success.privateTeams count:{0}", privateTeams.Count);
            if (!companyTeams.Add("McLaren"))//返回false
                Console.WriteLine("McLaren Add Failure.companyTeams count:{0}", companyTeams.Count);

            //IsSubset，确认（traditionalTeams）对象是否为指定集（companyTeams）的子集

            if (traditionalTeams.IsSubsetOf(companyTeams))//traditionalTeams是companyTeams的子集，返回true
                Console.WriteLine("traditionalTeams is sub of companyTeams.");

            //IsSuperset,确认（companyTeams）对象是否为指定集（traditionalTeams）的超集（父集）

            if (companyTeams.IsSupersetOf(traditionalTeams))//companyTeams是traditionalTeams的父集，返回true
                Console.WriteLine("companyTeams is a superset of traditionalTeams");

            //Overlaps，确认对象（privateTeams）和指定集（traditionalTeams）是否存在共同元素

            traditionalTeams.Add("Williams");
            if (privateTeams.Overlaps(traditionalTeams))//privateTeams和traditionalTeams都包含有Williams的元素，返回true
                Console.WriteLine("At least one team is the same with the traditionalTeams and privateTeams.");

            //UnionWith，将指定对象元素添加到当前对象（allTeams）中，因为对象类型为SortedSet，所以是元素是唯一有序的
            var allTeams = new SortedSet<string>();
            allTeams.UnionWith(companyTeams);
            allTeams.UnionWith(traditionalTeams);
            allTeams.UnionWith(privateTeams);
            foreach (var item in allTeams)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(item);
            }
        }
    }
}

常用方法

Add、IsSubsetOf、IsSupersetOf、Overlaps、UnionWith

更多方法参考MSDN