线程经典，生产者与消费者问题

生产者与消费的问题，是线程编程的一个经典问题。生产者生产，消费者消费，当生产满的时候，生产者要停止生产，等待消费者消耗掉产品后再继续生产，消费者发现没有产品可以消费的时候，也必须等待，等待生产者生产出产品才能购买，看看下面的例子

package com.thread;

import java.util.Random;

/**
 * 生产者与消费者实例
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 * 
 */
public class ProducerAndConsumer {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ProductHeap ph = new ProductHeap();
		Random random = new Random();
		Producer p = new Producer(ph, random);
		Consumer c = new Consumer(ph, random);
		new Thread(p).start();
		new Thread(p).start();
		new Thread(c).start();
	}
}

/**
 * 产品类
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 * 
 */
class Product {
	public int id;

	public Product(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "产品：" + id;
	}
}

/**
 * 产品堆
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 * 
 */
class ProductHeap {
	int index = 0;
	Product proArr[] = new Product[6];

	public synchronized void push(Product product) {
		// 如果产品满了
		while (index == proArr.length) {
			System.out.println("产品堆满了，消费者快买");
			try {
				// 当前线程等待
				this.wait();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		this.notifyAll();
		proArr[index] = product;
		index++;
	}

	public synchronized Product pop() {
		while (index == 0) {
			System.out.println("没产品了，快生产");
			try {
				this.wait();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		this.notifyAll();
		return proArr[--index];
	}
}

class Producer implements Runnable {
	private ProductHeap ph;
	private Random random;

	public Producer(ProductHeap ph, Random random) {
		this.ph = ph;
		this.random = random;
	}

	int i = 0;

	@Override
	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			Product product = new Product(i++);
			ph.push(product);
			System.out.println("生产了：" + product);
			try {
				Thread.sleep((random.nextInt(3) * 500));
			} catch (Exception e) {
			}
		}
	}

}

class Consumer implements Runnable {
	private ProductHeap ph;
	private Random random;

	public Consumer(ProductHeap ph, Random random) {
		this.random = random;
		this.ph = ph;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			Product p = ph.pop();
			System.out.println("消费了：" + p);
			try {

				Thread.sleep((random.nextInt(3) * 500));
			} catch (Exception e) {
			}
		}
	}

}