java模板方法设计模式（Template Method）

模板方法设计模式（Template Method）：定义一个算法骨架，而将一些步骤方法（方法没必要一定是抽象的）延迟到子类中实现。该模式使得不同的子类可以不改变一个算法的结构，只重定义该算法的某些特定步骤方法。

举个图形例子：

public class Test{

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Shape shape = new Square("正方形", 3.0f, 2.0f);
		shape.function();

		shape = new Circle("圆形", 2.0f);
		shape.function();
	}

}

abstract class Shape {

	protected String name;

	public Shape(String name){

		this.name = name;
	}

	//假定算法骨架放在方法function中
	public void function(){

		//步骤1，自我说明
		System.out.println("形状是：" + name);

		//步骤2，输出面积
		System.out.println("面积是：" + areaOfShape());
	}

	public abstract float areaOfShape();

}

class Square extends Shape{

	protected float width;
	protected float height;

	public Square(String name, float width, float height){

		super(name);
		this.width = width;
		this.height = height;
	}

	public float areaOfShape(){

		return width * height;
	}
}

class Circle extends Shape{

	protected float radius;

	public Circle(String name, float radius){

		super(name);
		this.radius = radius;
	}

	public float areaOfShape(){

		return 3.14f * radius * radius;
	}

}