神奇的angularJS --连接controller的桥梁 service

最新推荐文章于 2018-10-22 19:57:00 发布

快乐的程序媛

最新推荐文章于 2018-10-22 19:57:00 发布

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分类专栏： Angularjs

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一、什么是service

在以前的文章中，我们提到，controller是相对独立的，也就是说，两个controller之间，内存是不共享的，这个controller是无法访问其他其他controller的属性或者方法的。但是，实际项目中，页面1的controller是有可以需要页面2的controller的。以前，我都是通过localStorage来进行储存，后来发来localStorage应该是用来存储持久化数据，用来存储临时数据,controller互相交互，官方建议通过service来进行相互访问。

也就是说,service是用于不同controller或者directive中用于共享数据的一种服务。

二、一个简单的service

angular中，定义service有很多方法，如 constant,factory,service,provider,这次，我们使用service来定义一个简单的service。

[javascript] view plain copy

print ?

app.service('demoService', function () {
"use strict";
var privateAuthor = { //私有变量
name: 'jack',
sex: 'male'
}
this.publicAuthor = { //共有变量
name: 'rose',
sex: 'female'
}
this.getPriAuthor = function () { //获取私有变量
return publicAuthor;
}
});

app.service('demoService', function () {
    "use strict";

    var privateAuthor = {              //私有变量
        name: 'jack',
        sex: 'male'
    }

    this.publicAuthor = {        //共有变量
        name: 'rose',
        sex: 'female'
    }

    this.getPriAuthor = function () {          //获取私有变量
        return publicAuthor;
    }
});

我们用app.service定义了一个服务，里面有一个私有属性，一个公有属性，以及一个获取私有属性的方法。现在我们就可以在controller中使用这个service

因此我们在以前的controller中注册这个service

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<pre style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">

<pre style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">

[javascript] view plain copy

print ?

app.controller('helloCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) { //注册service
$scope.author = demoService.getPriAuthor(); //获取私有属性
});
app.controller('worldCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) {
$scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor; //获取公有属性
});

app.controller('helloCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) {     //注册service
    $scope.author = demoService.getPriAuthor();                   //获取私有属性
});

app.controller('worldCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) {    
    $scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;                   //获取公有属性
});

我们在改写index.html,并刷新界面，可以发现已经获取正确的值了

[html] view plain copy

print ?

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body ng-app="Hello">
<div style="background: yellow;" ng-controller="worldCtrl">
{{author.name}}<br/>
{{author.sex}}
</div>
<div ng-controller="helloCtrl">
{{author.name}}<br/>
{{author.sex}}
</div>
</body>
<script src="bower_components/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="src/app.js"></script>
<script src="src/controller.js"></script>
<script src="src/service.js"></script>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body ng-app="Hello">

<div style="background: yellow;" ng-controller="worldCtrl">
    {{author.name}}<br/>
    {{author.sex}}
</div>

<div ng-controller="helloCtrl">
    {{author.name}}<br/>
    {{author.sex}}
</div>

</body>

<script src="bower_components/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="src/app.js"></script>
<script src="src/controller.js"></script>
<script src="src/service.js"></script>
</html>

如图：

三、更改service的值

这时候我们在controller中更改service的值，再来看看变化。

[html] view plain copy

print ?

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body ng-app="Hello">
<div style="background: yellow;" ng-controller="worldCtrl">
{{author.name}}<br/>
{{author.sex}}
<button ng-click="update()">同步数据</button>
</div>
<div ng-controller="helloCtrl">
{{author.name}}<br/>
{{author.sex}}
<button ng-click="updatePublic()">更新公有变量</button>
</div>
</body>
<script src="bower_components/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="src/app.js"></script>
<script src="src/controller.js"></script>
<script src="src/service.js"></script>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body ng-app="Hello">

<div style="background: yellow;" ng-controller="worldCtrl">
    {{author.name}}<br/>
    {{author.sex}}
    <button ng-click="update()">同步数据</button>
</div>

<div ng-controller="helloCtrl">
    {{author.name}}<br/>
    {{author.sex}}
    <button  ng-click="updatePublic()">更新公有变量</button>
</div>

</body>

<script src="bower_components/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="src/app.js"></script>
<script src="src/controller.js"></script>
<script src="src/service.js"></script>
</html>

[html] view plain copy

print ?

app.controller('helloCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) {
$scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
$scope.updatePublic = function () { //更新您数据
demoService.publicAuthor = {
name: 'fei',
sex: 'female'
}
$scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
}
});
app.controller('worldCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) {
$scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
$scope.update = function () { //同步数据
$scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
}
});

app.controller('helloCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) {
    $scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
    $scope.updatePublic = function () {                              //更新您数据
        demoService.publicAuthor = {
            name: 'fei',
            sex: 'female'
        }
        $scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
    }
});

app.controller('worldCtrl', function ($scope, demoService) {
    $scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
    $scope.update = function () {                          //同步数据
        $scope.author = demoService.publicAuthor;
    }
});

我们点击更新数据后，我们会更改 demoService.publicAuthor的值，我们在点同步数据，会发现两个controller中的值进行了同步。