Hive如何优化可以提高运行效率

 

 

一、Fetch抓取

Fetch抓取是指，Hive中对某些情况的查询可以不必使用MapReduce计算。例如：SELECT * FROM employees;在这种情况下，Hive可以简单地读取employee对应的存储目录下的文件，然后输出查询结果到控制台。

在hive-default.xml.template文件中hive.fetch.task.conversion默认是more，老版本hive默认是minimal，该属性修改为more以后，在全局查找、字段查找、limit查找等都不走mapreduce。

<property>

<name>hive.fetch.task.conversion</name>

<value>more</value>

<description>

Expects one of [none, minimal, more].

Some select queries can be converted to single FETCH task minimizing latency.

Currently the query should be single sourced not having any subquery and should not have

any aggregations or distincts (which incurs RS), lateral views and joins.

0. none : disable hive.fetch.task.conversion

1. minimal : SELECT STAR, FILTER on partition columns, LIMIT only

2. more : SELECT, FILTER, LIMIT only (support TABLESAMPLE and virtual columns)

</description>

</property>

二、本地模式

大多数的Hadoop Job是需要H