Windows phone 8 可利用的数据通信方式比较广泛,在硬件支持的前提下,我们可以利用WiFi、蓝牙、临近感应等多种方式。数据交互一般通过套接字来完成,我们将在本文详细的分析。 快速导航: 一、WP8套接字 二、蓝牙 三、NFC 四、获取网络状态 五、访问web的几种方式 一、WP8套接字 1)创建套接字客户端 Windows phone 8中的套接字并不支持发布服务端,我们只能利用它在手机上创建套接字客户端,我们在此例中要用套接字去访问web服务器。首先,我们定义一个SocketClient来表示套接字客户端。 [C#]
- public class SocketClient
- {
-
- //缓存套接字对象以便在整个生命周期重用
- Socket _socket = null;
-
- // 信号通知对象,用于异步操作完成通知
- static ManualResetEvent _clientDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
-
- /// <summary>
- /// 为每个异步调用设置超时时间
- /// </summary>
- const int TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS = 30000;
-
- /// <summary>
- /// 数据缓冲区大小
- /// </summary>
- const int MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 2048 * 100;
-
- /// <summary>
- /// 关闭套接字连接和释放所有相关的资源
- /// </summary>
- public void Close()
- {
- if (_socket != null)
- {
- _socket.Close();
- }
- }
- }
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这个客户端包含连接服务器、发送信息和接受信息三个方法。我们将如下代码加入SocketClient类: 连接: [C#]
- /// <summary>
- /// 尝试用TCP套接字连接到指定主机端口
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="hostName">主机名</param>
- /// <param name="portNumber">端口号</param>
- /// <returns>描述连接结果</returns>
- public string Connect(string hostName, int portNumber)
- {
- string result = string.Empty;
-
- //创建一个终结点,主机名、端口号
- DnsEndPoint hostEntry = new DnsEndPoint(hostName, portNumber);
-
- //创建一个基于流,TCP套接字。
- _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
- //套接字上下文
- SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
- socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = hostEntry;
-
- socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
- {
- //执行的状态信息
- result = e.SocketError.ToString();
- //将当前线程设置为收到信息状态,这样被阻止的线程可以继续执行
- _clientDone.Set();
- });
-
- //标识当前进程为未收到信息状态
- _clientDone.Reset();
-
- // 发送一个异步连接请求
- _socket.ConnectAsync(socketEventArg);
- //将当前线程阻止,直到当前线程收到信息或者超时时间已到
- _clientDone.WaitOne(TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
-
- return result;
- }
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发送消息: [C#]
- /// <summary>
- /// 向连接的服务器发送信息
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="data">数据正文</param>
- /// <returns>反馈</returns>
- public string Send(string data)
- {
- string response = "操作超时";
-
- //套接字是否准备好
- if (_socket != null)
- {
- //套接字上下文
- SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
-
- socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = _socket.RemoteEndPoint;
- socketEventArg.UserToken = null;
-
- socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
- {
- response = e.SocketError.ToString();
- _clientDone.Set();
- });
- byte[] payload = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
- socketEventArg.SetBuffer(payload, 0, payload.Length);
- _clientDone.Reset();
- _socket.SendAsync(socketEventArg);
- _clientDone.WaitOne(TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
- }
- else
- {
- response = "套接字没有准备好";
- }
-
- return response;
- }
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接受消息: [C#]
- /// <summary>
- /// 从连接服务器接收数据
- /// </summary>
- /// <returns>The data received from the server</returns>
- public string Receive()
- {
- string response = "操作超时";
-
- if (_socket != null)
- {
- SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
- socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = _socket.RemoteEndPoint;
-
- //设置接收数据的缓冲区
- socketEventArg.SetBuffer(new Byte[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE], 0, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
-
- socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
- {
- if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
- {
- // Retrieve the data from the buffer
- response = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.Buffer, e.Offset, e.BytesTransferred);
- response = response.Trim('\0');
- }
- else
- {
- response = "错误:" + e.SocketError.ToString();
- }
-
- _clientDone.Set();
- });
-
- _clientDone.Reset();
- _socket.ReceiveAsync(socketEventArg);
- _clientDone.WaitOne(TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
- }
- else
- {
- response = "套接字没有准备好";
- }
-
- return response;
- }
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2)通过套接字访问HTTP网站 现在我们有了套接字客户端,这个时候我们来做一个类似于浏览器的功能,我们模拟HTTP请求发送到web服务器,代码如下: [XAML]
- <!--LayoutRoot 是包含所有页面内容的根网格-->
- <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <!--TitlePanel 包含应用程序的名称和页标题-->
- <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="12,17,0,28">
- <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="套接字访问web" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}"/>
- </StackPanel>
- <!--ContentPanel - 在此处放置其他内容-->
- <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
- <TextBox x:Name="textbox1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="72" Margin="-10,-17,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="www.hao123.com" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="395"/>
- <Button Content="转到" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="364,-17,-9,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
- </Grid>
- <ScrollViewer Height="649" Width="468" Margin="12,47,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Grid.Row="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" >
- <TextBlock ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Visible" ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Visible" x:Name="textblok1" Height="649" Width="468" MaxHeight="649" MaxWidth="468" />
- </ScrollViewer>
- </Grid>
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[C#]
- private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
-
- string hostName = textbox1.Text.Replace("http://", string.Empty);
- SocketClient client = new SocketClient();
- //主机,端口号
- textblok1.Text = client.Connect(hostName, 80);
- //模拟一个HTTP Get请求
- textblok1.Text = client.Send("GET http://" + hostName + " HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: " + hostName + "\r\n\r\n\r\n");
- //等待相应
- textblok1.Text = client.Receive();
-
- }
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二、蓝牙 WP8蓝牙支持对等方应用连接,也支持其他蓝牙设备,下面我们看看如何连接到对等方应用和设备。 1)连接到对等方 [C#]
- //已经搜索到的对等方列表
- IReadOnlyList<PeerInformation> peers;
-
- // 开始连接到对等应用
- async void AppToApp()
- {
- // 开始查找对等项,如果有这句话,即可使自己能够被其他蓝牙设备搜索到
- PeerFinder.Start();
-
- peers = await PeerFinder.FindAllPeersAsync();
-
- if (peers.Count == 0)
- {
- // 没有发现
- }
- else
- {
- // 选择第一个对等应用
- PeerInformation selectedPeer = peers[0];
- // 连接到第一个对等方应用
- var streamSocket = await PeerFinder.ConnectAsync(selectedPeer);
- }
- }
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2)连接到设备 PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:Paired"] = ""; 查找所有已配对的设备。这样连接找到的设备对应的PeerInformation.ServiceName将为空,所以我们不能通过PeerFinder.ConnectAsync(selectedPeer);的方式去连接,具体示例如下: [C#]
- //搜寻全部蓝牙设备并连接第一个
- private async void AppToDevice()
- {
- // 搜索所有配对的设备
- PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:Paired"] = "";
- var pairedDevices = await PeerFinder.FindAllPeersAsync();
-
- if (pairedDevices.Count == 0)
- {
- //没有发现设备
- }
- else
- {
- // 选择第一个连接的设备,此时selectedDevice.ServiceName为空
- PeerInformation selectedDevice = pairedDevices[0];
-
- // 主动创建一个StreamSocket
- StreamSocket socket = new StreamSocket();
- // 第二个参数是一个RFCOMM端口号,范围是1-30
- await socket.ConnectAsync(selectedDevice.HostName, "1");
- }
- }
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PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:SDP"] = "XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX";查找使用服务发现协议 (SDP) 并通过既定 GUID 播发服务的设备 [C#]
- //搜寻特定GUID的设备
- private async void AppToDevice2()
- {
- PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:SDP"] = "XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX";
- var pairedDevices = await PeerFinder.FindAllPeersAsync();
-
- if (pairedDevices.Count == 0)
- {
- //没有发现设备
- }
- else
- {
- // 选择第一个连接的设备
- PeerInformation selectedDevice = pairedDevices[0];
-
- // 主动创建一个StreamSocket
- StreamSocket socket = new StreamSocket();
- // 这种情况下selectedDevice.ServiceName等于您指定的GUID
- await socket.ConnectAsync(selectedDevice.HostName, selectedDevice.ServiceName);
- }
- }
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3)侦听连接请求 [C#]
- public Page1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- //侦听连接请求需要先添加事件
- Loaded += MainPage_Loaded;
- }
-
- void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- //远程对等类异步连接时触发
- PeerFinder.ConnectionRequested += PeerFinder_ConnectionRequested;
- }
- async void PeerFinder_ConnectionRequested(object sender, ConnectionRequestedEventArgs args)
- {
- // 获取到请求连接的对等方
- var peer = args.PeerInformation;
- // 回应连接
- var streamSocket = await PeerFinder.ConnectAsync(peer);
- }
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4)发送消息 [C#]
- /// <summary>
- /// 在已连接的情况下发送消息
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="socket"></param>
- public async void Send(StreamSocket socket, string msg)
- {
- var _dataWriter = new DataWriter(socket.OutputStream);
-
- //写入消息的长度
- uint strLength = _dataWriter.MeasureString(msg);
- _dataWriter.WriteUInt32(strLength);
-
- //写入消息的内容
- _dataWriter.WriteString(msg);
- uint numBytesWritten = await _dataWriter.StoreAsync();
- }
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5)接收消息 [C#]
- /// <summary>
- /// 在已连接的情况下读取消息
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="socket"></param>
- public async Task<string> Read(StreamSocket socket)
- {
- var _dataReader = new DataReader(socket.InputStream);
- // 读取消息长度
- await _dataReader.LoadAsync(sizeof(uint));
- uint msgLength = (uint)_dataReader.ReadUInt32();
- // 读取消息的内容
- await _dataReader.LoadAsync(msgLength);
- return _dataReader.ReadString(msgLength);
- }
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三、NFC 当两个设备距离较近时,可以使用近场通信技术,本文演示一个使用近场通信制作聊天软件的例子。 [XAML]
- <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
- <TextBlock x:Name="textblock1" Text="连接状态:未连接" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,0,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top">
- </TextBlock>
- <TextBox x:Name="textbox1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="72" Margin="0,27,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="386"/>
- <Button Content="发送" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="369,29,-9,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
- <ListBox x:Name="listbox1" Margin="0,100,0,0" Grid.Row="1"/>
- </Grid>
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[C#]
- public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage
- {
- ProximityDevice device;
-
- long typeId = -1;
- long msgId = -1;
- public MainPage()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
-
- device = ProximityDevice.GetDefault();
- if (device == null)
- {
- IsEnabled = false;
- textblock1.Text = "您的手机不支持NFC功能";
- }
- else
- {
- //设备进入NFC识别范围时触发
- device.DeviceArrived += device_DeviceArrived;
- //设备离开NFC识别范围时触发
- device.DeviceDeparted += device_DeviceDeparted;
- }
- }
-
- //设备进入NFC识别范围时触发
- void device_DeviceArrived(ProximityDevice sender)
- {
- //创建消息订阅,创建好后就可以直接发消息了
- typeId = sender.SubscribeForMessage("Windows.MyMsgType", MsgReceivedHandler);
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => textblock1.Text = "连接状态:已连接");
- }
-
- //设备离开NFC识别范围时触发
- void device_DeviceDeparted(ProximityDevice sender)
- {
- if (typeId != -1)
- {
- //取消消息订阅
- sender.StopSubscribingForMessage(typeId);
- typeId = -1;
- }
-
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => textblock1.Text = "连接状态:连接中断");
- }
-
- /// <summary>
- /// 接收到消息后的处理逻辑
- /// </summary>
- void MsgReceivedHandler(ProximityDevice sender, ProximityMessage message)
- {
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
- {
- listbox1.Items.Add(("对方:" + message.DataAsString));
- });
- }
-
- /// <summary>
- /// 发送消息按钮按下时
- /// </summary>
- private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- if (textbox1.Text != string.Empty)
- {
- listbox1.Items.Add("我:" + textbox1.Text);
-
- if (msgId != -1)
- device.StopPublishingMessage(msgId);
-
- msgId = device.PublishMessage("Windows.MyMsgType", textbox1.Text);
- }
- }
- }
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现在我们看看在模拟器中的效果,如下图。模拟器中实现NFC的模拟效果请下载:http://proximitytapper.codeplex.com 四、获取网络状态 很多时候,应用可能需要利用到网络,这个时候我们需要获取一些信息,比如网络是否连接,当前是连接到WiFi还是运营商蜂窝网络。这些信息关系到您的应用是否能正常工作,或者是否处于免费网络下可执行高流量下载等操作。 1. 数据感知 数据感知功能可以用来获取网络成本信息以及流量计划,帮助用户合理使用手机流量,我们看看使用方法。 [C#]
- var connectionProfile = Windows.Networking.Connectivity.NetworkInformation.GetInternetConnectionProfile();
-
- //网络接口类型
- var ianaInterfaceType = connectionProfile.NetworkAdapter.IanaInterfaceType;
-
- //连接成本信息
- var connectionCost = connectionProfile.GetConnectionCost();
-
- //当前的网络使用成本
- var networkCostType = connectionCost.NetworkCostType;
- //计划流量是否快用完
- var approachingDataLimit = connectionCost.ApproachingDataLimit;
- //是否超过计划流量
- var overDataLimit = connectionCost.OverDataLimit;
- //是否漫游
- var roaming = connectionCost.Roaming;
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2. 网络信息获取 我们可以通过API获取网络接口状态,检查手机数据网络以及WiFi连接情况等。 [XAML]
- <!--ContentPanel - 在此处放置其他内容-->
- <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
- <TextBlock x:Name="textblock1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="157,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="未知" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
- <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="17,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="移动运营商:" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
- <TextBlock x:Name="textblock2" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="154,50,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="未知" VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="220" Width="292"/>
- <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="14,50,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="网络信息:" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
- <TextBlock x:Name="textblock3" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="91,275,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="未知" VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="182" Width="365"/>
- <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="17,275,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="106" Width="69">
- <Run Text="套接字连接信息:"/>
- </TextBlock>
- <Button Content="<-" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="370,617,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="86" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
- </Grid>
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[c#]
- Socket socket;
- protected override void OnNavigatedTo(System.Windows.Navigation.NavigationEventArgs e)
- {
-
- //移动运营商
- textblock1.Text = DeviceNetworkInformation.CellularMobileOperator;
-
-
-
- //网络信息
- System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
- sb.Append("网络是否可用: ");
- sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsNetworkAvailable.ToString());
- sb.Append("是否启用蜂窝数据: ");
- sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsCellularDataEnabled.ToString());
- sb.Append("是否允许漫游: ");
- sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsCellularDataRoamingEnabled.ToString());
- sb.Append("是否启用Wi-Fi: ");
- sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsWiFiEnabled.ToString());
-
- //网络接口信息
- sb.Append("网络接口类型: ");
- var networkInterfaceType = NetworkInterface.NetworkInterfaceType;
- var networkInterfaceTypeString = networkInterfaceType.ToString() + "(" + InterfaceTypeConvert.Convert(networkInterfaceType) + ")";
- sb.AppendLine(networkInterfaceTypeString);
-
- sb.Append("网络接口子类型: ");
- var networkSubInterfaceTypeString = string.Empty;
- DeviceNetworkInformation.ResolveHostNameAsync(new DnsEndPoint("www.baidu.com", 80),
- new NameResolutionCallback(x =>
- {
- networkSubInterfaceTypeString = x.NetworkInterface.InterfaceSubtype.ToString() + "[" + InterfaceTypeConvert.ConvertSub(x.NetworkInterface.InterfaceSubtype) + "]";
-
- sb.AppendLine(networkSubInterfaceTypeString);
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => { textblock2.Text = sb.ToString(); });
- }), null);
-
-
-
- //套接字连接信息
- DnsEndPoint hostEntry = new DnsEndPoint("www.baidu.com", 80);
- socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
- //设置连接要求,必须为使用蜂窝技术网络
- socket.SetNetworkRequirement(NetworkSelectionCharacteristics.Cellular);
- SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
- socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = hostEntry;
- socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e1)
- {
- NetworkInterfaceInfo netInterfaceInfo = socket.GetCurrentNetworkInterface();
- StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder();
- sb2.AppendLine("最后更新: " + DateTime.Now.ToString());
- sb2.Append("网络接口名: ");
- sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceName);
- sb2.Append("网络接口状态: ");
- sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceState.ToString());
- sb2.Append("网络接口类型: ");
- sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceType.ToString());
- sb2.Append("网络接口子类型: ");
- sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceSubtype.ToString());
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => textblock3.Text = sb2.ToString());
- });
- socket.ConnectAsync(socketEventArg);
-
-
-
- base.OnNavigatedTo(e);
- }
-
- private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/Page1.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
- }
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3. 检测网络状态改变 手机的网络连接并不如电脑稳定,当你到信号不好的地方,或者自动连接上WiFi等情况,怎么通过代码自动监测呢,下面演示了当手机网络改变时,列举出日志清单,并实时刷新网络信息。 [XAML]
- <!--LayoutRoot 是包含所有页面内容的根网格-->
- <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
-
- <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="12,17,0,28">
- <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="网络状态改变测试" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}"/>
- </StackPanel>
-
- <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="可用的网络接口" FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeLarge}"/>
- <ListBox Grid.Row="1" x:Name="lbNetworkInterfaces" ItemsSource="{Binding}" Background="LightGray" >
- <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
- <DataTemplate>
- <TextBlock Text="{Binding}" Margin="5,5,0,5" Foreground="Black"/>
- </DataTemplate>
- </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
- </ListBox>
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Text="事件日志" FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeLarge}"/>
- <ScrollViewer Grid.Row="3" Background="LightGray" BorderThickness="1">
- <ListBox x:Name="lbNetworkChanges" ItemsSource="{Binding}">
- <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
- <DataTemplate>
- <TextBlock Text="{Binding}" Foreground="Black"
- FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="5,10,0,10" />
- </DataTemplate>
- </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
- </ListBox>
- </ScrollViewer>
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="4" Text="网络状态" FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeLarge}"/>
- <Grid Grid.Row="5" Background="LightGray" >
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
- <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Text="网络是否可用" Foreground="Black" Margin="5,5,0,5" />
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="tbIsNetworkAvailable" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Foreground="Black" />
-
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" Foreground="Black" Margin="5,5,0,5" >
- <Run Text="WiFi是否可用"/>
- </TextBlock>
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="tbIsWiFiEnabled" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Foreground="Black"/>
-
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" Text="是否启用蜂窝数据" Foreground="Black" Margin="5,5,0,5" />
- <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="tbIsCellularDataEnabled" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Foreground="Black"/>
- </Grid>
- <Button Grid.Row="6" x:Name="btnChangeNetworkSettings" Content="飞行" Click="Button_Click_3" Margin="314,0,46,0"/>
- <Button Content="->" Margin="391,0,-15,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
- <Button Content="刷新" Margin="-15,0,370,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_2"/>
- <Button Content="WiFi" Margin="66,0,288,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_3" />
- <Button Content="网络" Margin="150,0,204,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_3" />
- <Button Content="蓝牙" Margin="232,0,122,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_3" />
- </Grid>
- </Grid>
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[c#]
- public partial class Page1 : PhoneApplicationPage
- {
-
- public ObservableCollection<string> Changes { get; set; }
-
- public ObservableCollection<string> NetworkInterfaces { get; set; }
-
- public Page1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
-
-
- // 网络可用性改变事件日志
- Changes = new ObservableCollection<string>();
- lbNetworkChanges.DataContext = Changes;
-
- //当前可用的网络接口
- NetworkInterfaces = new ObservableCollection<string>();
- lbNetworkInterfaces.DataContext = NetworkInterfaces;
- //网络可用性改变时
- DeviceNetworkInformation.NetworkAvailabilityChanged += new EventHandler<NetworkNotificationEventArgs>(ChangeDetected);
-
- UpdateNetworkInterfaces();
- UpdateNetworkStatus();
- }
-
- void ChangeDetected(object sender, NetworkNotificationEventArgs e)
- {
- string change = string.Empty;
- switch (e.NotificationType)
- {
- case NetworkNotificationType.InterfaceConnected:
- change = "连接: ";
- break;
- case NetworkNotificationType.InterfaceDisconnected:
- change = "断开: ";
- break;
- case NetworkNotificationType.CharacteristicUpdate:
- change = "变更: ";
- break;
- default:
- change = "未知: ";
- break;
- }
-
- string changeInformation = String.Format(" {0} {1} {2} ({3})",
- DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString(), change, e.NetworkInterface.InterfaceName,
- InterfaceTypeConvert.Convert(e.NetworkInterface.InterfaceType) + "," + InterfaceTypeConvert.ConvertSub(e.NetworkInterface.InterfaceSubtype));
-
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
- {
- Changes.Add(changeInformation);
- UpdateNetworkStatus();
- UpdateNetworkInterfaces();
-
- });
-
- }
-
- //更新网络接口
- private void UpdateNetworkInterfaces()
- {
-
- NetworkInterfaces.Clear();
- //获取网络接口列表
- NetworkInterfaceList networkInterfaceList = new NetworkInterfaceList();
- foreach (NetworkInterfaceInfo networkInterfaceInfo in networkInterfaceList)
- {
- NetworkInterfaces.Add(String.Format("{0} ({1},{2})",
- networkInterfaceInfo.InterfaceName,
- InterfaceTypeConvert.Convert(networkInterfaceInfo.InterfaceType),
- InterfaceTypeConvert.ConvertSub(networkInterfaceInfo.InterfaceSubtype)));
- }
- }
-
- //更新网络状态
- private void UpdateNetworkStatus()
- {
- tbIsCellularDataEnabled.Text = (DeviceNetworkInformation.IsCellularDataEnabled) ? "是" : "否";
- tbIsNetworkAvailable.Text = (DeviceNetworkInformation.IsNetworkAvailable) ? "是" : "否";
- tbIsWiFiEnabled.Text = (DeviceNetworkInformation.IsWiFiEnabled) ? "是" : "否";
- }
-
- //连接设置
- private void Button_Click_3(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- var settringTypeString = string.Empty;
- var button = sender as Button;
- if (button != null) settringTypeString = Convert.ToString(button.Content);
- var settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.WiFi;
- switch (settringTypeString)
- {
- case "飞行": settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.AirplaneMode;
- break;
- case "网络": settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.Cellular;
- break;
- case "蓝牙": settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.Bluetooth;
- break;
- default: break;
- }
-
- //连接设置选择框
- ConnectionSettingsTask connectionSettings = new ConnectionSettingsTask();
-
- // 连接设置的类型
- connectionSettings.ConnectionSettingsType = settringType;
- connectionSettings.Show();
- }
-
- //刷新
- private void Button_Click_2(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- UpdateNetworkStatus();
- UpdateNetworkInterfaces();
- Changes.Clear();
- }
-
- private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/MainPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
- }
-
- }
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五、访问web的几种方式 Windows phone中访问Internet的方式主要有:通过套接字、WebClient 类、HttpWebRequest 类、服务引用等。套接字我们已经讲过。我主要讲解后面三种。 WebClient 类:一般用于通过访问URL获取特定的资源,下面是使用方法: [C#]
- WebClient webClient = new WebClient();
-
- webClient.DownloadStringAsync(new Uri("http://www.baidu.com", UriKind.Absolute));
- webClient.DownloadStringCompleted += (a, b) =>
- {
- if (b.Error == null && !b.Cancelled)
- {
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(b.Result));
- }
- };
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HttpWebRequest 类:对http做了基本的实现,相当于比直接用socket方便一点。 [C#]
- Uri uri = new Uri("http://192.168.100.212");
- HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
- httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
- //异步获取HTTP请求正文流
- httpWebRequest.BeginGetRequestStream(new AsyncCallback(a =>
- {
- var httpWebRequest2 = a.AsyncState as HttpWebRequest;
- var stream = httpWebRequest2.EndGetRequestStream(a);
- var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(stream);
- //在HTTP请求正文流中写入要POST的参数
- streamWriter.WriteLine("wd=111");
- streamWriter.Close();
- //开始异步的向远程主机发送HTTP请求
- httpWebRequest2.BeginGetResponse(new AsyncCallback(b =>
- {
- try
- {
- var httpWebRequest3 = b.AsyncState as HttpWebRequest;
- //请求执行完成,得到HTTP相应
- WebResponse webResponse = httpWebRequest3.EndGetResponse(b);
- var s = webResponse.ContentType;
- //获取到HTTP相应正文流
- var stream3 = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
- //读出来,转换成字符串
- var streamReader = new StreamReader(stream3, Encoding.UTF8);
- var text = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
-
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(text));
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- var c = ex.Message;
- }
-
- }), httpWebRequest2);
-
- }), httpWebRequest);
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服务引用:其实于一般的服务引用一样,只不过这里只支持异步实现。 [C#]
- //添加服务引用后,下面代码为异步调用web服务
- ServiceReference1.WebService1SoapClient c = new ServiceReference1.WebService1SoapClient();
- c.HelloWorldAsync("");
- c.HelloWorldCompleted += (a, b) =>
- {
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(b.Result));
- };
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