转自http://www.cnblogs.com/hibraincol/archive/2010/09/16/1828502.html
正好做一个下载预览功能,要打开文件,看到这篇相当不错的文章就转过来了。其中openFile方法可以自己改一下通过Intent.createChooser()方式来选择打开程序。
背景介绍:
MIME:全称Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,多功能Internet 邮件扩充服务。它是一种多用途网际邮件扩充协议,在1992年最早应用于电子邮件系统,但后来也应用到浏览器。MIME类型就是设定某种扩展名的文件用一种应用程序来打开的方式类型,当该扩展名文件被访问的时候,浏览器会自动使用指定应用程序来打开。多用于指定一些客户端自定义的文件名,以及一些媒体文件打开方式。
在Android中通过文件的MIME类型来判断有哪些应用程序可以处理这些文件,并使用其中的某一个应用程序(如果有多个可选的应用程序,则用户必须指定一个)处理之。
我在写android资源管理器(文件浏览器)的时候,希望能在资源管理器的中实现打开文件的操作,此时就需要用到文件的MIME类型。
---------------------------------------- 背景分割线 -----------------------------------------
实现方法:
- /**
- * 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
- * @param file
- */
- private String getMIMEType(File file)
- {
- String type="*/*";
- String fName=file.getName();
- //获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。
- int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf(".");
- if(dotIndex < 0){
- return type;
- }
- /* 获取文件的后缀名 */
- String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase();
- if(end=="")return type;
- //在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。
- for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){
- if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0]))
- type = MIME_MapTable[i][1];
- }
- return type;
- }
- /**
- * 打开文件
- * @param file
- */
- private void openFile(File file){
- //Uri uri = Uri.parse("file://"+file.getAbsolutePath());
- Intent intent = new Intent();
- intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
- //设置intent的Action属性
- intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
- //获取文件file的MIME类型
- String type = getMIMEType(file);
- //设置intent的data和Type属性。
- intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type);
- //跳转
- startActivity(intent);
- }
/**
* 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
* @param file
*/
private String getMIMEType(File file)
{
String type="*/*";
String fName=file.getName();
//获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。
int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf(".");
if(dotIndex < 0){
return type;
}
/* 获取文件的后缀名 */
String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase();
if(end=="")return type;
//在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。
for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){
if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0]))
type = MIME_MapTable[i][1];
}
return type;
}
/**
* 打开文件
* @param file
*/
private void openFile(File file){
//Uri uri = Uri.parse("file://"+file.getAbsolutePath());
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//设置intent的Action属性
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
//获取文件file的MIME类型
String type = getMIMEType(file);
//设置intent的data和Type属性。
intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type);
//跳转
startActivity(intent);
}
现在就差一个MIME类型和文件类型的匹配表了。
"文件类型——MIME类型"的匹配表:
- //建立一个MIME类型与文件后缀名的匹配表
- private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={
- //{后缀名, MIME类型}
- {".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
- {".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
- {".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
- {".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
- {".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
- {".bmp", "image/bmp"},
- {".c", "text/plain"},
- {".class", "application/octet-stream"},
- {".conf", "text/plain"},
- {".cpp", "text/plain"},
- {".doc", "application/msword"},
- {".exe", "application/octet-stream"},
- {".gif", "image/gif"},
- {".gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
- {".gz", "application/x-gzip"},
- {".h", "text/plain"},
- {".htm", "text/html"},
- {".html", "text/html"},
- {".jar", "application/java-archive"},
- {".java", "text/plain"},
- {".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
- {".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
- {".js", "application/x-javascript"},
- {".log", "text/plain"},
- {".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
- {".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
- {".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
- {".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
- {".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
- {".m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
- {".mov", "video/quicktime"},
- {".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
- {".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
- {".mp4", "video/mp4"},
- {".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
- {".mpe", "video/mpeg"},
- {".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
- {".mpg", "video/mpeg"},
- {".mpg4", "video/mp4"},
- {".mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
- {".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
- {".ogg", "audio/ogg"},
- {".pdf", "application/pdf"},
- {".png", "image/png"},
- {".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
- {".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
- {".prop", "text/plain"},
- {".rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"},
- {".rc", "text/plain"},
- {".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
- {".rtf", "application/rtf"},
- {".sh", "text/plain"},
- {".tar", "application/x-tar"},
- {".tgz", "application/x-compressed"},
- {".txt", "text/plain"},
- {".wav", "audio/x-wav"},
- {".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
- {".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
- {".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
- //{".xml", "text/xml"},
- {".xml", "text/plain"},
- {".z", "application/x-compress"},
- {".zip", "application/zip"},
- {"", "*/*"}
- };
//建立一个MIME类型与文件后缀名的匹配表 private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={ //{后缀名, MIME类型} {".3gp", "video/3gpp"}, {".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"}, {".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"}, {".avi", "video/x-msvideo"}, {".bin", "application/octet-stream"}, {".bmp", "image/bmp"}, {".c", "text/plain"}, {".class", "application/octet-stream"}, {".conf", "text/plain"}, {".cpp", "text/plain"}, {".doc", "application/msword"}, {".exe", "application/octet-stream"}, {".gif", "image/gif"}, {".gtar", "application/x-gtar"}, {".gz", "application/x-gzip"}, {".h", "text/plain"}, {".htm", "text/html"}, {".html", "text/html"}, {".jar", "application/java-archive"}, {".java", "text/plain"}, {".jpeg", "image/jpeg"}, {".jpg", "image/jpeg"}, {".js", "application/x-javascript"}, {".log", "text/plain"}, {".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"}, {".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, {".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, {".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, {".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"}, {".m4v", "video/x-m4v"}, {".mov", "video/quicktime"}, {".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"}, {".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"}, {".mp4", "video/mp4"}, {".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"}, {".mpe", "video/mpeg"}, {".mpeg", "video/mpeg"}, {".mpg", "video/mpeg"}, {".mpg4", "video/mp4"}, {".mpga", "audio/mpeg"}, {".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"}, {".ogg", "audio/ogg"}, {".pdf", "application/pdf"}, {".png", "image/png"}, {".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, {".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, {".prop", "text/plain"}, {".rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"}, {".rc", "text/plain"}, {".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"}, {".rtf", "application/rtf"}, {".sh", "text/plain"}, {".tar", "application/x-tar"}, {".tgz", "application/x-compressed"}, {".txt", "text/plain"}, {".wav", "audio/x-wav"}, {".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"}, {".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"}, {".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"}, //{".xml", "text/xml"}, {".xml", "text/plain"}, {".z", "application/x-compress"}, {".zip", "application/zip"}, {"", "*/*"} };