随机队列生成迷宫及按下空格求解

工具类

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;

import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.lang.InterruptedException;


public class AlgoVisHelper {

    private AlgoVisHelper(){}

    public static final Color Red = new Color(0xF44336);
    public static final Color Pink = new Color(0xE91E63);
    public static final Color Purple = new Color(0x9C27B0);
    public static final Color DeepPurple = new Color(0x673AB7);
    public static final Color Indigo = new Color(0x3F51B5);
    public static final Color Blue = new Color(0x2196F3);
    public static final Color LightBlue = new Color(0x03A9F4);
    public static final Color Cyan = new Color(0x00BCD4);
    public static final Color Teal = new Color(0x009688);
    public static final Color Green = new Color(0x4CAF50);
    public static final Color LightGreen = new Color(0x8BC34A);
    public static final Color Lime = new Color(0xCDDC39);
    public static final Color Yellow = new Color(0xFFEB3B);
    public static final Color Amber = new Color(0xFFC107);
    public static final Color Orange = new Color(0xFF9800);
    public static final Color DeepOrange = new Color(0xFF5722);
    public static final Color Brown = new Color(0x795548);
    public static final Color Grey = new Color(0x9E9E9E);
    public static final Color BlueGrey = new Color(0x607D8B);
    public static final Color Black = new Color(0x000000);
    public static final Color White = new Color(0xFFFFFF);


    public static void strokeCircle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int r){

        Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
        g.draw(circle);
    }

    public static void fillCircle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int r){

        Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
        g.fill(circle);
    }

    public static void strokeRectangle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int w, int h){

        Rectangle2D rectangle = new Rectangle2D.Double(x, y, w, h);
        g.draw(rectangle);
    }

    public static void fillRectangle(Graphics2D g, int x, int y, int w, int h){

        Rectangle2D rectangle = new Rectangle2D.Double(x, y, w, h);
        g.fill(rectangle);
    }

    public static void setColor(Graphics2D g, Color color){
        g.setColor(color);
    }

    public static void setStrokeWidth(Graphics2D g, int w){
        int strokeWidth = w;
        g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
    }

    public static void pause(int t) {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(t);
        }
        catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Error sleeping");
        }
    }

}

数据层

实体类

public class MazeData {

    public static final char ROAD = ' ';
    public static final char WALL = '#';

    private int N, M;
    public char[][] maze;
    public boolean[][] visited;
    public boolean[][] inMist;
    public boolean[][] path;

    private int entranceX, entranceY;
    private int exitX, exitY;

    public MazeData(int N, int M){

        if( N%2 == 0 || M%2 == 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Our Maze Generalization Algorihtm requires the width and height of the maze are odd numbers");

        this.N = N;
        this.M = M;

        maze = new char[N][M];
        visited = new boolean[N][M];
        inMist = new boolean[N][M];
        path = new boolean[N][M];
        // 绘制初始迷宫、形成一个个节点，后期进行连接形成迷宫
        for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; i ++)
            for(int j = 0 ; j < M ; j ++){
                if(i%2 == 1 && j%2 == 1)
                    maze[i][j] = ROAD;
                else
                    maze[i][j] = WALL;

                visited[i][j] = false;
                inMist[i][j] = true;
                path[i][j] = false;
            }

        entranceX = 1;
        entranceY = 0;
        exitX = N - 2;
        exitY = M - 1;

        maze[entranceX][entranceY] = ROAD;
        maze[exitX][exitY] = ROAD;
    }

    public int N(){ return N; }
    public int M(){ return M; }
    public int getEntranceX(){ return entranceX; }
    public int getEntranceY(){ return entranceY; }
    public int getExitX(){ return exitX; }
    public int getExitY(){ return exitY; }

    public boolean inArea(int x, int y){
        return x >= 0 && x < N && y >= 0 && y < M;
    }

    public void openMist(int x, int y){
        if(!inArea(x, y))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("x or y is out of index in openMist function!");
        // 打开当前坐标的3*3的迷雾
        for(int i = x-1 ; i <= x+1 ; i ++)
            for(int j = y-1 ; j <= y+1 ; j++)
                if(inArea(i,j))
                    inMist[i][j] = false;

        return;
    }
}

public class Position {

    private int x, y;

    public Position(int x, int y){
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    public int getX(){return x;}
    public int getY(){return y;}
}

队列类

import java.util.LinkedList;

public class RandomQueue<E>{

    private LinkedList<E> queue;

    public RandomQueue(){
        queue = new LinkedList<E>();
    }

    public void add(E e){
        // 随机插入队列头部元素货尾部元素
        if(Math.random() < 0.5)
            queue.addFirst(e);
        else
            queue.addLast(e);
    }

    public E remove(){
        if(queue.size() == 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("There's no element to remove in Random Qeuue");

        // 随机取出队列头部元素货尾部元素
        if(Math.random() < 0.5)
            return queue.removeFirst();
        else
            return queue.removeLast();
    }

    public int size(){
        return queue.size();
    }

    public boolean empty(){
        return size() == 0;
    }
}

视图类

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame{

    private int canvasWidth;
    private int canvasHeight;

    public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight){

        super(title);

        this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
        this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;

        AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
        setContentPane(canvas);
        pack();

        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setResizable(false);

        setVisible(true);
    }

    public AlgoFrame(String title){

        this(title, 1024, 768);
    }

    public int getCanvasWidth(){return canvasWidth;}
    public int getCanvasHeight(){return canvasHeight;}

    // data
    private MazeData data;
    public void render(MazeData data){
        this.data = data;
        repaint();
    }

    private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel{

        public AlgoCanvas(){
            // 双缓存
            super(true);
        }

        @Override
        public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);

            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;

            // 抗锯齿
            RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
                    RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                    RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            hints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
            g2d.addRenderingHints(hints);

            // 具体绘制
            int w = canvasWidth/data.M();
            int h = canvasHeight/data.N();

            for(int i = 0 ; i < data.N() ; i ++ )
                for(int j = 0 ; j < data.M() ; j ++){
                    // 迷雾是否打开
                    if(data.inMist[i][j])
                        AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, AlgoVisHelper.Black);
                    else{
                        // 是否为墙
                        if(data.maze[i][j] == MazeData.WALL)
                            AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, AlgoVisHelper.LightBlue);
                        else
                            AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, AlgoVisHelper.White);
                        //是否为路径
                        if(data.path[i][j])
                            AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, AlgoVisHelper.Yellow);
                    }

                    AlgoVisHelper.fillRectangle(g2d, j * w, i * h, w, h);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize(){
            return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
        }
    }
}

控制类

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class AlgoVisualizer {

    private static int DELAY = 5;
    private static int blockSide = 8;

    private MazeData data;
    private AlgoFrame frame;
    private static final int d[][] = {{-1,0},{0,1},{1,0},{0,-1}};

    public AlgoVisualizer(int N, int M){

        // 初始化数据
        data = new MazeData(N, M);
        int sceneHeight = data.N() * blockSide;
        int sceneWidth = data.M() * blockSide;

        // 初始化视图
        EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
            frame = new AlgoFrame("Random Maze Generation Visualization", sceneWidth, sceneHeight);
            frame.addKeyListener(new AlgoKeyListener());

            new Thread(() -> {
                run();
            }).start();
        });
    }

    private void run(){

        setRoadData(-1, -1);
        // 新建随机队列
        RandomQueue<Position> queue = new RandomQueue<Position>();
        Position first = new Position(data.getEntranceX(), data.getEntranceY()+1);
        queue.add(first);
        // 将当前坐标设为以处理
        data.visited[first.getX()][first.getY()] = true;
        // 打开迷雾
        data.openMist(first.getX(), first.getY());

        while(queue.size() != 0){
            Position curPos = queue.remove();

            for(int i = 0 ; i < 4  ; i ++){
                // 找到需要连接的节点坐标
                int newX = curPos.getX() + d[i][0]*2;
                int newY = curPos.getY() + d[i][1]*2;
                // 判断该坐标是否出界是否以处理,没处理则添加入队列，设为以处理打开迷雾将2个坐标中间的墙变路径
                if(data.inArea(newX, newY) && !data.visited[newX][newY]){
                    queue.add(new Position(newX, newY));
                    data.visited[newX][newY] = true;
                    data.openMist(newX, newY);
                    setRoadData(curPos.getX() + d[i][0], curPos.getY() + d[i][1]);
                }
            }
        }

        setRoadData(-1, -1);
    }

    private void setRoadData(int x, int y){
        if(data.inArea(x, y))
            data.maze[x][y] = MazeData.ROAD;

        frame.render(data);
        AlgoVisHelper.pause(DELAY);
    }

    private boolean go(int x, int y){

        if(!data.inArea(x,y))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("x,y are out of index in go function!");

        data.visited[x][y] = true;
        setPathData(x, y, true);
        // 如果为出口返回true
        if(x == data.getExitX() && y == data.getExitY())
            return true;
        // 用回溯算法进行迷宫求解
        for(int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i ++){
            int newX = x + d[i][0];
            int newY = y + d[i][1];
            // 判断是否越界，是否是否路径，是否以处理
            if(data.inArea(newX, newY) &&
                    data.maze[newX][newY] == MazeData.ROAD &&
                    !data.visited[newX][newY])
                if(go(newX, newY))
                    return true;
        }

        // 回溯
        setPathData(x, y, false);

        return false;
    }

    private void setPathData(int x, int y, boolean isPath){
        if(data.inArea(x, y))
            data.path[x][y] = isPath;

        frame.render(data);
        AlgoVisHelper.pause(DELAY);
    }

    private class AlgoKeyListener extends KeyAdapter{

        @Override
        public void keyReleased(KeyEvent event){
            // 监听事件为空格的话，将所以坐标变问未处理，在调取回溯算法迷宫求解
            if(event.getKeyChar() == ' '){
                for(int i = 0 ; i < data.N() ; i ++)
                    for(int j = 0 ; j < data.M() ; j ++)
                        data.visited[i][j] = false;

                new Thread(() -> {
                    go(data.getEntranceX(), data.getEntranceY());
                }).start();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        int N = 101;
        int M = 101;

        AlgoVisualizer vis = new AlgoVisualizer(N, M);

    }
}

运行效果图