IOS UI初级-触摸与手势的基本概念和用法

1.在iOS上，事件有多种形式

①触摸事件

②运动事件

③远程控制事件

2.触摸事件的处理方法

// 开启多点触控

        self.multipleTouchEnabled = YES;

// 手指点击时，触发的事件
- ( void )touchesBegan:( NSSet *)touches withEvent:( UIEvent *)event
{
    // 屏幕上点击手指的个数
    NSInteger count = touches. count ;
//    NSLog(@"touchesBegan %ld",count);
    // 拿到一个点击的对象
    UITouch *touch = touches. anyObject ;
    UIView *touchView = touch. view ;
    NSLog ( @"self---%@  touchView-----%@" , self , touchView); // 同一个
    UIWindow *touchWindow = touch. window ;
    NSLog ( @"self window-----%@, touchWindow---%@" , self . window , touchWindow); // 同一个
   
    // 拿到点击次数
    NSInteger tapCount = touch.tapCount;
//    NSLog(@"%ld", tapCount);
    if (tapCount == 1 ) {
//        NSLog(@" 单击 ");
        // 延迟调用
        [ self performSelector : @selector (singleTap) withObject : nil afterDelay : 0.5 ];
//        [self singleTap];
    } else if (tapCount == 2 ){
//        NSLog(@" 双击 ");
        // 取消某个方法
        [ NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget : self selector : @selector (singleTap) object : nil ];
        [ self doubleTap ];
    }

}

// 手指滑动时，触发的事件
- ( void )touchesMoved:( NSSet *)touches withEvent:( UIEvent *)event
{
//    NSLog(@"touchesMoved");
    // 取到一个 touch 对象
    UITouch *touch = touches. anyObject ;
    // 拿到当前点击的坐标
    CGPoint nowLocation = [touch locationInView : self ];
    // 拿到上一次的坐标
    CGPoint lastLocation = [touch previousLocationInView : self ];
    CGFloat subX = nowLocation. x - lastLocation. x ;
    if (subX > 0 ) {
        NSLog ( @" 向右 " );
    } else if (subX < 0 ){
        NSLog ( @" 向左 " );
    } else if (subX == 0 ){
        NSLog ( @" 垂直 " );
    }

}

// 手指结束滑动时，触发的事件
- ( void )touchesEnded:( NSSet *)touches withEvent:( UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog ( @"touchesEnded" );
}
// 手指滑动被中止时
- ( void )touchesCancelled:( NSSet *)touches withEvent:( UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog ( @"touchesCancelled" );

}

// 当子视图超过自己的 frame 是够剪切

        self.clipsToBounds = YES;

3.运动事件

- ( void )motionBegan:( UIEventSubtype )motion withEvent:( UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog ( @" 开始晃动 " );
}

- ( void )motionEnded:( UIEventSubtype )motion withEvent:( UIEvent *)event
{
    NSLog ( @" 结束晃动 " );

}

4.事件的传递

iOS——>Application—>window—>子视图

5.响应者链

 
    // 取到视图控制器 从 responder 转过来
//    UIViewController *rootVC = (UIViewController *)self.nextResponder.nextResponder.nextResponder;
    UIViewController *motailVC = [[ UIViewController alloc ] init ];
    motailVC. view . backgroundColor = [ UIColor blueColor ];
//    [rootVC presentViewController:motailVC animated:YES completion:nil];

//    UIViewController *rootVC = self.viewController;// 此处可用点语法点出来
    // 弹出模态视图
//    [rootVC presentViewController:motailVC animated:YES completion:nil];
    // 导航控制器

    [self.viewController.navigationController pushViewController:motailVC animated:YES];

将核心代码写在UIView的类目中

- ( UIViewController *)viewController
{
    // 找到视图的下一个响应者
    UIResponder *nextResponder = self . nextResponder ;
    // 利用循环找到响应者
    do {
        // 如果找到的类是视图控制器就跳出
        if ([nextResponder isKindOfClass :[ UIViewController class ]]) {
            //            break;
            return ( UIViewController *)nextResponder;
        }
        // 如果不是就继续找
        nextResponder = nextResponder. nextResponder ;
       
       
    } while (nextResponder); // 如果找到的响应者有值就一直找
   
   
    // 找不到返回空
    return nil ;

}

6.手势识别器

UIView *gestureView = [[ UIView alloc ] initWithFrame : CGRectMake ( 50 , 50 , 300 , 300 )];
    gestureView. multipleTouchEnabled = YES ;
    gestureView. backgroundColor = [ UIColor grayColor ];
    [ self . view addSubview :gestureView];
   
    /************** 点击手势 *************/
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tap1 = [[ UITapGestureRecognizer alloc ] initWithTarget : self action : @selector (tapClick1:)];
    // 设置点击的数量
    tap1. numberOfTapsRequired = 1 ;
    // 设置手指的个数
    tap1. numberOfTouchesRequired = 1 ;
    // 往 gestureView 上添加手势
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer :tap1];
    // 双击
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tap2 = [[ UITapGestureRecognizer alloc ] initWithTarget : self action : @selector (tapClick2:)];
    tap2. numberOfTapsRequired = 2 ;
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer :tap2];
   
    // 如果参数中的手势触发了，则自身失效

    [tap1 requireGestureRecognizerToFail:tap2];

// 点击手势
- ( void )tapClick1:( UITapGestureRecognizer *)tap
{
    NSLog ( @" 单击 " );
}
- ( void )tapClick2:( UITapGestureRecognizer *)tap
{
    NSLog ( @" 双击 " );

}

  /************** 轻扫手势 *************/
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swip = [[ UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc ] initWithTarget : self action : @selector (swipAction:)];
    // 设置方向
    swip. direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown ;
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer :swip];

    // 轻扫手势
- ( void )swipAction:( UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)swip
{
    if (swip. direction == UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown )
    {

        NSLog(@"向下滑动");

    }

   
    /************** 平移手势 *************/
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[ UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc ] initWithTarget : self action : @selector (panAction:)];

    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:pan];

   // 平移手势
- ( void )panAction:( UIPanGestureRecognizer *)pan
{
    CGPoint p = [pan locationInView :pan. view ];
    NSLog ( @"%@" , NSStringFromCGPoint (p));

}

   
   
     /************** 长按手势 *************/
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[ UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc ] initWithTarget : self action : @selector (longPress:)];
    // 最少按住时间
    longPress. minimumPressDuration = 2 ;

    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];

// 长按手势
- ( void )longPress:( UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)longpress
{
    NSLog ( @" 长按 " );

}

   
    /************** 旋转手势 *************/
    UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotation = [[ UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc ] initWithTarget : self action : @selector (RotationAction:)];

    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:rotation];

// 旋转手势
- ( void )RotationAction:( UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)rotation
{
    // 获取旋转的弧度
    CGFloat r = rotation. rotation ;
    // 弧度转角度
    NSLog ( @"%.2f" , 180 / M_PI * r);

}

   
    /************** 捏合手势 *************/
    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [[ UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc ] initWithTarget : self action : @selector (pintchAction:)];

    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:pinch];

- ( void )pintchAction:( UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)pintch
{
    // 获得捏合的比例
    CGFloat scale = pintch. scale ;
    pintch. view . transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale (scale, scale);

}