使用ContentProvider共享数据

而使用ContentProvider共享数据的好处是统一了数据访问方式。
当应用需要通过ContentProvider对外共享数据时，第一步需要继承ContentProvider并重写下面方法：

第二步需要在AndroidManifest.xml使用<provider>对该ContentProvider进行配置，为了能让其他应用找到该ContentProvider ， ContentProvider 采用了authorities（主机名/域名）对它进行唯一标识，你可以把ContentProvider看作是一个网站（），authorities 就是他的域名：   

 这个网站以固定的Uri对外提供服务；而ContentResolver则可以当成Android系统内部的HttpClient，它可以指定Uri发送“请求”（实际是调用ContentResolver的方法），这种请求最后委托给ContentProvider处理，从而实现对“网站”（即ContentProvider）内部数据的操作。

<manifest .... >
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <provider android:name=".PersonContentProvider" android:authorities="com.bu3g.provider.personprovider"/>
    </application>
</manifest>）（想想，网站也是提供数据者），authorities 就是他的域名：
<manifest .... >
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <provider android:name=".PersonContentProvider" android:authorities="com.bu3g.provider.personprovider"/>
    </application>
</manifest>

public class Activity01 extends Activity
{
	/** Called when the activity is first created. */
	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		
		/* 插入数据 */
		ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put(NotePad.Notes.TITLE, "title1");
        values.put(NotePad.Notes.NOTE, "NOTENOTE1");
		getContentResolver().insert(NotePad.Notes.CONTENT_URI, values);

		values.clear();
        values.put(NotePad.Notes.TITLE, "title2");
        values.put(NotePad.Notes.NOTE, "NOTENOTE2");
		getContentResolver().insert(NotePad.Notes.CONTENT_URI, values);
		
		/* 显示 */
		displayNote();
	}
	
	private void displayNote()
	{
		String columns[] = new String[] { NotePad.Notes._ID, 
										  NotePad.Notes.TITLE, 
										  NotePad.Notes.NOTE, 
										  NotePad.Notes.CREATEDDATE, 
										  NotePad.Notes.MODIFIEDDATE };
		Uri myUri = NotePad.Notes.CONTENT_URI;
		Cursor cur = managedQuery(myUri, columns, null, null, null);
		if (cur.moveToFirst())
		{
			String id = null;
			String title = null;
			do
			{
				id = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex(NotePad.Notes._ID));
				title = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex(NotePad.Notes.TITLE));
				Toast toast=Toast.makeText(this, "TITLE："+id + "NOTE：" + title, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
				toast.setGravity(Gravity.TOP|Gravity.CENTER, 0, 40);
				toast.show();
			}
			while (cur.moveToNext());
		}
	}

}

public class NotePad {
	// ContentProvider的uri
	public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.google.provider.NotePad";

	private NotePad() {
	}

	// 定义基本字段
	public static final class Notes implements BaseColumns {
		private Notes() {
		}

		public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"
				+ AUTHORITY + "/notes");

		// 新的MIME类型-多个
		public static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.google.note";

		// 新的MIME类型-单个
		public static final String CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.google.note";

		public static final String DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER = "modified DESC";

		// 字段
		public static final String TITLE = "title";
		public static final String NOTE = "note";
		public static final String CREATEDDATE = "created";
		public static final String MODIFIEDDATE = "modified";
	}
}

public class NotePadProvider extends ContentProvider
{
	private static final String				TAG					= "NotePadProvider";
	// 数据库名
	private static final String				DATABASE_NAME		= "note_pad.db";
	private static final int				DATABASE_VERSION	= 2;
	// 表名
	private static final String				NOTES_TABLE_NAME	= "notes";
	private static HashMap<String, String>	sNotesProjectionMap;
	private static final int				NOTES				= 1;
	private static final int				NOTE_ID				= 2;
	private static final UriMatcher			sUriMatcher;
	private DatabaseHelper	mOpenHelper;
	//创建表SQL语句
	private static final String				CREATE_TABLE="CREATE TABLE " 
														+ NOTES_TABLE_NAME 
														+ " (" + Notes._ID 
														+ " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY," 
														+ Notes.TITLE 
														+ " TEXT," 
														+ Notes.NOTE 
														+ " TEXT,"
														+ Notes.CREATEDDATE 
														+ " INTEGER," 
														+ Notes.MODIFIEDDATE 
														+ " INTEGER" + ");";
	
	static
	{
		sUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
		sUriMatcher.addURI(NotePad.AUTHORITY, "notes", NOTES);
		sUriMatcher.addURI(NotePad.AUTHORITY, "notes/#", NOTE_ID);

		sNotesProjectionMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
		sNotesProjectionMap.put(Notes._ID, Notes._ID);
		sNotesProjectionMap.put(Notes.TITLE, Notes.TITLE);
		sNotesProjectionMap.put(Notes.NOTE, Notes.NOTE);
		sNotesProjectionMap.put(Notes.CREATEDDATE, Notes.CREATEDDATE);
		sNotesProjectionMap.put(Notes.MODIFIEDDATE, Notes.MODIFIEDDATE);
	}
	private static class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper
	{
		//构造函数-创建数据库
		DatabaseHelper(Context context)
		{
			super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
		}
		//创建表
		@Override
		public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db)
		{
			db.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE);
		}
		//更新数据库
		@Override
		public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
		{
			db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS notes");
			onCreate(db);
		}
	}
	@Override
	public boolean onCreate()
	{
		mOpenHelper = new DatabaseHelper(getContext());
		return true;
	}
	@Override
	//查询操作
	public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder)
	{
		SQLiteQueryBuilder qb = new SQLiteQueryBuilder();
		switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri))
		{
			case NOTES:
				qb.setTables(NOTES_TABLE_NAME);
				qb.setProjectionMap(sNotesProjectionMap);
				break;

			case NOTE_ID:
				qb.setTables(NOTES_TABLE_NAME);
				qb.setProjectionMap(sNotesProjectionMap);
				qb.appendWhere(Notes._ID + "=" + uri.getPathSegments().get(1));
				break;

			default:
				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
		}
		String orderBy;
		if (TextUtils.isEmpty(sortOrder))
		{
			orderBy = NotePad.Notes.DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER;
		}
		else
		{
			orderBy = sortOrder;
		}
		SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase();
		Cursor c = qb.query(db, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, orderBy);
		c.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(), uri);
		return c;
	}
	@Override
	// 如果有自定义类型，必须实现该方法
	public String getType(Uri uri)
	{
		switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri))
		{
			case NOTES:
				return Notes.CONTENT_TYPE;

			case NOTE_ID:
				return Notes.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE;

			default:
				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
		}
	}
	@Override
	//插入数据库
	public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues initialValues)
	{
		if (sUriMatcher.match(uri) != NOTES)
		{
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
		}
		ContentValues values;
		if (initialValues != null)
		{
			values = new ContentValues(initialValues);
		}
		else
		{
			values = new ContentValues();
		}
		Long now = Long.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());

		if (values.containsKey(NotePad.Notes.CREATEDDATE) == false)
		{
			values.put(NotePad.Notes.CREATEDDATE, now);
		}
		if (values.containsKey(NotePad.Notes.MODIFIEDDATE) == false)
		{
			values.put(NotePad.Notes.MODIFIEDDATE, now);
		}
		if (values.containsKey(NotePad.Notes.TITLE) == false)
		{
			Resources r = Resources.getSystem();
			values.put(NotePad.Notes.TITLE, r.getString(android.R.string.untitled));
		}
		if (values.containsKey(NotePad.Notes.NOTE) == false)
		{
			values.put(NotePad.Notes.NOTE, "");
		}
		SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		long rowId = db.insert(NOTES_TABLE_NAME, Notes.NOTE, values);
		if (rowId > 0)
		{
			Uri noteUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(NotePad.Notes.CONTENT_URI, rowId);
			getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(noteUri, null);
			return noteUri;
		}
		throw new SQLException("Failed to insert row into " + uri);
	}
	@Override
	//删除数据
	public int delete(Uri uri, String where, String[] whereArgs)
	{
		SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		int count;
		switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri))
		{
			case NOTES:
				count = db.delete(NOTES_TABLE_NAME, where, whereArgs);
				break;

			case NOTE_ID:
				String noteId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
				count = db.delete(NOTES_TABLE_NAME, Notes._ID + "=" + noteId + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
				break;

			default:
				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
		}
		getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
		return count;
	}
	@Override
	//更新数据
	public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String where, String[] whereArgs)
	{
		SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		int count;
		switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri))
		{
			case NOTES:
				count = db.update(NOTES_TABLE_NAME, values, where, whereArgs);
				break;

			case NOTE_ID:
				String noteId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
				count = db.update(NOTES_TABLE_NAME, values, Notes._ID + "=" + noteId + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
				break;

			default:
				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
		}
		getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
		return count;
	}
}