Spring学习记录——JDBCTemplate

一、什么是JDBCTemplate

Spring对JDBC进行封装，方便对数据库进行操作
Java中DAO层、Service层和Controller层的意义
DAO(data access object),封装基本增删改查操作，与表格直接对应操作,一般是原子操作
Service:服务层，对多个DAO进行封装，构成服务

二、配置过程

1、导入jar包
2、在spring配置文件配置数据库连接池

<!--    数据库连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
          destroy-method="close">
          <!--高版本jar包需要加入时区信息-->
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///user_db?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="root"/>
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
    </bean>

3、配置JdbcTemplate对象，注入DataSource

<!--注入JdbcTemplate对象-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <!--注入dataSource-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"> </property>
    </bean>

4、创建Service类和dao类，在dao注入JdbcTemplate对象
开启组件扫描

<!--组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.uestc.spring5"></context:component-scan>

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service(value = "bookService")
public class BookService {
    //注入DAO
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookdao;
}

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public class BookDaoImpl {
    //注入JDBCTemplate
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
}

三、增删改查

1、增删改

接口

import entity.Book;
public interface BookDao {
    void add(Book book);
    void update(Book book);
    void delete(String id);
}

接口实现类

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao{
    //注入JDBCTemplate
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    //添加的方法
    @Override
    public void add(Book book) {
        //创建sql语句
        String sql = "insert into t_book values(?,?,?)";
        Object[] args = {book.getUserId(), book.getUsername(), book.getUstatus()};
        //调用方法实现
        int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args);
    }
        @Override
    public void update(Book book) {
        String sql = "update t_book set username=?, ustatus=? where user_id=?";
        Object[] args = {book.getUsername(), book.getUstatus(), book.getUserId()};
        int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args);
        System.out.println(update);
    }
    @Override
    public void delete(String id) {
        String sql = "delete from t_book where user_id=?";
        int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, id);
        System.out.println(update);
    }
}

功能类

@Service(value = "bookService")
public class BookService {
    //注入DAO
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;
    public void addBook(Book book){ bookDao.add(book); }
    public void updateBook(Book book){ bookDao.update(book); }
    public void deleteBook(String id){ bookDao.delete(id); }
}

测试类

public class TestBook {
    @Test
    public void testJDBC(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean2.xml");
        BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setUserId("1");
        book.setUsername("java");
        book.setUstatus("a");
        bookService.addBook(book);
    }
    .......
}

物体类

package entity;
public class Book {
    private String userId;
    private String username;
    private String ustatus;
    public String getUserId() { return userId; }
    public String getUsername() { return username;}
    public String getUstatus() { return ustatus; }
    public void setUserId(String userId) { this.userId = userId; }
    public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; }
    public void setUstatus(String ustatus) { this.ustatus = ustatus; }
}

2、查

（1）查询返回某个值

    @Override
    public int selectCount() {
        String sql = "select count(*) from t_book";
        Integer count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class);
        return count;
    }

（2）查询返回对象

三个参数分别是sql语句，RowMapper(接口，返回不同数据类型，时候在哪个接口里的实现类完成数据封装)，sql语句值

    @Override
    public Book findBookInfo(String id) {
        String sql = "select * from t_book where user_id=?";
        Book book = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Book>(Book.class), id);
        return book;
    }

重写string方法来打印查询到类的参数

（3）查询返回集合

参数与queryForObject()一样

    @Override
    public List<Book> findAll() {
        String sql = "select * from t_book";
        List<Book> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Book.class));
        return list;
    }

打印结果示例

[Book{userId='1', username='java', ustatus='a'}, Book{userId='2', username='golang', ustatus='a'}, Book{userId='3', username='python', ustatus='a'}]

3、批量操作

操作表里面多条记录

service层

    public void addbatchAll(List<Object[]> batchArg){
        bookDao.batchupdate(batchArg);
    }

dao层

    @Override
    public void batchupdate(List<Object[]> batchArgs) {
        String sql = "insert into t_book values(?,?,?)";
        int[] batchUpdate = jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, batchArgs);
        System.out.println(batchArgs);
    }

测试代码

    @Test
    public void testJDBCbatchUpdate(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean2.xml");
        BookService bookService = context.getBean("bookService", BookService.class);
        List<Object[]> batchArg = new ArrayList<>();
        batchArg.add(new String[]{"4", "c#", "a"});
        batchArg.add(new String[]{"5", "yi language", "b"});
        BookService bookService1 = bookService;
        bookService1.addbatchAll(batchArg);

    }

修改删除同理