系统编程之进程通信 共享内存

 

 

/*shm_com.h*/

#define TEXT_SZ 2048

struct shared_use_st

{

    int written_by_you;//互斥控制  有读写两进程改写（ 1 读进程 0 写进程）

    char some_text[TEXT_SZ];//数据部分

};

/*shm1.c*/

/*读进程
*/
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include "shm_com.h"
int main(void)
{
    int running=1;
    void *shared_memory=(void*)0;
    struct shared_use_st *shared_stuff;
    int shmid;
    /*创建共享内存*/
    shmid=shmget((key_t)1234,sizeof(struct shared_use_st),0666|IPC_CREAT);
    if(shmid == -1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"shmget failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    /*映射（附加）共享内存*/
    shared_memory=shmat(shmid,(void *)0,0);
    if(shared_memory==(void *) -1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"shmat failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    printf("Memory attached at %X\n",(int )shared_memory);
    /*让结构体指针指向这块共享内存*/
    shared_stuff=(struct shared_use_st *)shared_memory;
    /*控制读写顺序*/
    shared_stuff->written_by_you=0;
    /*循环的从共享内存中读数据，直到读到“end”为止*/
    while(running)
    {
        if(shared_stuff->written_by_you)
        {
            printf("You wrote:%s",shared_stuff->some_text);
            sleep(1);/*读进程睡一秒，同时会导致写进程睡一秒（信号量为1），这样做到了读了之后再写*/
            shared_stuff->written_by_you=0;
            if(strncmp(shared_stuff->some_text,"end",3)==0)
               {
                running=0;//结束循环
               }
        }
    }
    /*分离共享内存*/
    if(shmdt(shared_memory)==-1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"shmdt failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
 
/*shm2.c*/
/*写进程
*/
#include  <unistd.h>
#include  <stdlib.h>
#include  <stdio.h>
#include  <string.h>
#include  <sys/types.h>
#include  <sys/ipc.h>
#include  <sys/shm.h>
#include "shm_com.h"
int main()
{
        int running=1;
        void *shared_memory=(void *)0;
        struct shared_use_st *shared_stuff;
        char buffer[BUFSIZ];
        int shmid;
        /*创建共享内存*/
        shmid=shmget((key_t)1234,sizeof(struct shared_use_st),0666|IPC_CREAT);
        if(shmid==-1)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"shmget failed\n");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        /*映射（附加）共享内存*/
        shared_memory=shmat(shmid,(void *)0,0);
        if(shared_memory==(void *)-1)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"shmat failed\n");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        printf("Memory attached at %X\n",(int)shared_memory);
        /*让结构体指针指向这块共享内存*/
        shared_stuff=(struct shared_use_st *)shared_memory;
        /*循环的向共享内存中写数据。直到写入的为“end”为止*/
        while(running)
        {
            while(shared_stuff->written_by_you==1)
            {
                sleep(1);//等到读进程读完之后再写
                printf("waitting for client..\n");
            }
            printf("Enter some tst:");
            fgets(buffer,BUFSIZ,stdin);
            strncpy(shared_stuff->some_text,buffer,TEXT_SZ);
            shared_stuff->written_by_you=1;
            if(strncmp(buffer,"end",3)==0)
            {
                running=0;//结束循环
            }
        }
        /*分离共享内存*/
        if(shmdt(shared_memory)==-1)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"shmdt failed\n ");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        /*删除共享内存*/
        if(shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, 0)<0)//等到所有已附加进程都分离才删除
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"shmctl error\n");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}