图片压缩

最近做项目需要图片压缩处理，网上找的方法大都使用了 com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.* 这个包中的JPEGImageEncoder类，引入这个包后一直报错，各种google百度，尝试了各种方法，包括手动引jre中的rt.jar,以及在eclipse中把受访问限制的API提示从ERROR改为WARNING，等等，然而这些都是不好使的，因为后来我发现我的java-7-openjdk-amd64中的rt.jar里边根本就没有com.sun.image.*，貌似这个类在java7中已经被彻底remove了，至少我这个版本是没有了。然后搜了个使用ImageIO类来进行处理的替代方案，代码如下：

import java.io.*; 
import java.util.logging.Level; 
import java.util.logging.Logger; 
import java.awt.*; 
 
//旧的jpeg处理类
//import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.*; 
 
import com.sun.imageio.plugins.jpeg.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; 
 
import javax.imageio.IIOImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.ImageTypeSpecifier;
import javax.imageio.metadata.IIOMetadata;
import javax.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageWriteParam;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream;
 
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
 
 
/** 
* @author zhouqz 
*/ 
public class ImgCompressUtil { 
 
      /**
     * 图片压缩测试
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String args[]){ 
        //读文件夹所有文件进行压缩处理
//        String f = "/var/upload_bak/"; 
//        File file = new File(f); 
//        
//        if(file.exists()) 
//        { 
//            File[] filelist = file.listFiles(); 
//            for(int i = 0;i<filelist.length;i++) 
//            { 
//                String n = filelist[i].getName(); 
//                Tosmallerpic(f,filelist[i],"_middle",n,185,160,(float)0.7); 
//                Tosmallerpic(f,filelist[i],"_small",n,45,45,(float)0.7); 
//                Tosmallerpic(f,filelist[i],"_smaller",n,116,100,(float)0.7); 
//            } 
//        } 
         
        //对一个文件进行压缩处理
      String url = "/var/upload_bak/"; 
      String name  =  "31273618df16f1ab32e76c06c2f35852.jpg";
      img_change(url,name);
    }
     
 
    public static void img_change(String url,String name) 
    { 
            Tosmallerpic(url,new File(url+name),"_middle",name,188,165,(float)0.7); 
            Tosmallerpic(url,new File(url+name),"_small",name,45,45,(float)0.7); 
            Tosmallerpic(url,new File(url+name),"_smaller",name,116,100,(float)0.7); 
    } 
     
    /** 
    * 
    * @param f 图片所在的文件夹路径 
    * @param file 图片路径 
    * @param ext 扩展名 
    * @param n 图片名 
    * @param w 目标宽 
    * @param h 目标高 
    * @param per 百分比 
    */ 
    private static void  Tosmallerpic(String f,File file,String ext,String n,int w,int h,float per){ 
            Image src; 
            try { 
                src  =  javax.imageio.ImageIO.read(file); //构造Image对象 
 
               String img_midname  =  f+n.substring(0,n.indexOf("."))+ext+n.substring(n.indexOf(".")); 
               int old_w = src.getWidth(null); //得到源图宽 
               int old_h = src.getHeight(null); 
               int new_w = 0; 
               int new_h = 0; //得到源图长 
 
               double w2 = (old_w*1.00)/(w*1.00); 
               double h2 = (old_h*1.00)/(h*1.00); 
 
               //图片跟据长宽留白，成一个正方形图。 
               BufferedImage oldpic; 
               if(old_w>old_h) 
               { 
                   oldpic = new BufferedImage(old_w,old_w,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
               }else{if(old_w<old_h){ 
                   oldpic = new BufferedImage(old_h,old_h,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
               }else{ 
                    oldpic = new BufferedImage(old_w,old_h,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
               } 
               } 
                Graphics2D g  =  oldpic.createGraphics(); 
                g.setColor(Color.white); 
                if(old_w>old_h) 
                { 
                    g.fillRect(0, 0, old_w, old_w); 
                    g.drawImage(src, 0, (old_w - old_h) / 2, old_w, old_h, Color.white, null); 
                }else{ 
                    if(old_w<old_h){ 
                    g.fillRect(0,0,old_h,old_h); 
                    g.drawImage(src, (old_h - old_w) / 2, 0, old_w, old_h, Color.white, null); 
                    }else{ 
                        //g.fillRect(0,0,old_h,old_h); 
                        g.drawImage(src.getScaledInstance(old_w, old_h,  Image.SCALE_SMOOTH), 0,0,null); 
                    } 
                }              
                g.dispose(); 
                src  =  oldpic; 
                //图片调整为方形结束 
               if(old_w>w) 
               new_w = (int)Math.round(old_w/w2); 
               else 
                   new_w = old_w; 
               if(old_h>h) 
               new_h = (int)Math.round(old_h/h2);//计算新图长宽 
               else 
                   new_h = old_h; 
               BufferedImage image_to_save  =  new BufferedImage(new_w,new_h,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);        
               image_to_save.getGraphics().drawImage(src.getScaledInstance(new_w, new_h,  Image.SCALE_SMOOTH), 0,0,null); 
               FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(img_midname); //输出到文件流 
                
               //旧的使用 jpeg classes进行处理的方法
//               JPEGImageEncoder encoder  =  JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(fos); 
//               JPEGEncodeParam jep = JPEGCodec.getDefaultJPEGEncodeParam(image_to_save); 
                /* 压缩质量 */ 
//               jep.setQuality(per, true); 
//               encoder.encode(image_to_save, jep); 
                
               //新的方法
               saveAsJPEG(100, image_to_save, per, fos);
                
               fos.close(); 
               } catch (IOException ex) { 
                Logger.getLogger(Img_Middle.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); 
            } 
    } 
     
   
    /**
     * 以JPEG编码保存图片
     * @param dpi  分辨率
     * @param image_to_save  要处理的图像图片
     * @param JPEGcompression  压缩比
     * @param fos 文件输出流
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void saveAsJPEG(Integer dpi ,BufferedImage image_to_save, float JPEGcompression, FileOutputStream fos) throws IOException {
          
        //useful documentation at http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/javax/imageio/metadata/doc-files/jpeg_metadata.html
        //useful example program at http://johnbokma.com/java/obtaining-image-metadata.html to output JPEG data
      
        //old jpeg class
        //com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder jpegEncoder  =  com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(fos);
        //com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGEncodeParam jpegEncodeParam  =  jpegEncoder.getDefaultJPEGEncodeParam(image_to_save);
      
        // Image writer
        JPEGImageWriter imageWriter  =  (JPEGImageWriter) ImageIO.getImageWritersBySuffix("jpg").next();
        ImageOutputStream ios  =  ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(fos);
        imageWriter.setOutput(ios);
        //and metadata
        IIOMetadata imageMetaData  =  imageWriter.getDefaultImageMetadata(new ImageTypeSpecifier(image_to_save), null);
         
         
        if(dpi !=  null && !dpi.equals("")){
             
             //old metadata
            //jpegEncodeParam.setDensityUnit(com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGEncodeParam.DENSITY_UNIT_DOTS_INCH);
            //jpegEncodeParam.setXDensity(dpi);
            //jpegEncodeParam.setYDensity(dpi);
      
            //new metadata
            Element tree  =  (Element) imageMetaData.getAsTree("javax_imageio_jpeg_image_1.0");
            Element jfif  =  (Element)tree.getElementsByTagName("app0JFIF").item(0);
            jfif.setAttribute("Xdensity", Integer.toString(dpi) );
            jfif.setAttribute("Ydensity", Integer.toString(dpi));
             
        }
      
      
        if(JPEGcompression >= 0 && JPEGcompression <= 1f){
      
            //old compression
            //jpegEncodeParam.setQuality(JPEGcompression,false);
      
            // new Compression
            JPEGImageWriteParam jpegParams  =  (JPEGImageWriteParam) imageWriter.getDefaultWriteParam();
            jpegParams.setCompressionMode(JPEGImageWriteParam.MODE_EXPLICIT);
            jpegParams.setCompressionQuality(JPEGcompression);
      
        }
      
        //old write and clean
        //jpegEncoder.encode(image_to_save, jpegEncodeParam);
      
        //new Write and clean up
        imageWriter.write(imageMetaData, new IIOImage(image_to_save, null, null), null);
        ios.close();
        imageWriter.dispose();
      
    }
     
}