python3爬虫(六)--requests的高级操作

文件上传

import requests
url = "http://httpbin.org/post"
files = {'files':open("alipay.png",'rb')}
response = requests.post(url,files=files)
print(response.text)

结果：

获取cookie

import requests
url = "http://www.baidu.com"
response = requests.get(url)
print(response.cookies)
for k,v in response.cookies.items():
    print(k,"=",v)

结果：

<RequestsCookieJar[<Cookie BDORZ=27315 for .baidu.com/>]>
BDORZ = 27315

会话维持

cookie的一个作用就是可以用于模拟登陆，做会话维持

import requests
session = requests.session()
session.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/number/12456')
response = session.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies')
print(response.text)

结果：

{
  "cookies": {
    "number": "12456"
  }
}

可以看到我们设置的cookie的值

使用代理

import requests
url= "https://www.taobao.com"
proxies  = {
    "https":"https://115.28.148.192:8118",
}
headers  = {"User-Angent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.131 Safari/537.36"}
response = requests.get(url,headers = headers,proxies = proxies)
print(response.status_code)

设置用户名和密码代理

import requests
 
proxies = {
    "http": "http://user:password@127.0.0.1:9743/",
}
response = requests.get("https://www.taobao.com", proxies=proxies)
print(response.status_code)