Springcloud学习——服务发现、注册、消费

1. Github项目地址 https://github.com/zengzhen1994/springboot-learning （选择Springcloud-learning-1）

2. Springcloud服务发现、注册与消费包含三个子项目构建，分别是

Eureka服务器搭建，用于作为注册中心。服务向Eureka注册，客户端从Eureka获取服务并消费；

服务提供者；

服务消费者。

因为Springcloud是基于springboot开发的，所以默认采用springboot框架

2.1 Eureka服务器搭建

pom注入springcloud依赖包以及Eureka依赖包。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.zz.springcloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
	<version>1.0.0</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>eureka-server</name>
	<description>Spring Cloud 1</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/>
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<java.version>1.7</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Brixton.RELEASE</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
	
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

修改配置文件 application.properties，第三行第四行是为了避免Eureka服务把自己注册进去，这里端口我设置的是81。

server.port=81
spring.application.name=eureka-server
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http\://localhost\:81/eureka/

之后启动springboot主程序，开启注解EurekaServer即可。

package com.zz.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new SpringApplicationBuilder(Application.class).web(true).run(args);
	}

}

打开网址 http://localhost:81/,出现如下图，则表示Eureka服务器搭建成功

2.2 服务者搭建

pom注入依赖包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.zz.springcloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>eureka-service</artifactId>
	<version>1.0.0</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>eureka-service</name>
	<description>Spring Cloud 1</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/>
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<java.version>1.7</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Brixton.RELEASE</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

appliction.properties向Eureka注册

spring.application.name=eureka-service
server.port=79
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:81/eureka/

springboot启动代码，插入注解@EnableDiscoveryClient

package com.zz.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new SpringApplicationBuilder(ServiceApplication.class).web(true).run(args);
	}

}

接下来就是写一个你需要注册的服务，让服务消费者调用，这里就简单写一个给数字加1的服务。因为采用HTTP请求，所以用Rest风格发送请求获得服务

package com.zz.springcloud.controller;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class Controller {

    private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(getClass());

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient client;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/plus" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public int add(@RequestParam(value="number") int z) {
        ServiceInstance instance = client.getLocalServiceInstance();
        logger.info("host:" + instance.getHost() + ", service-id:" + instance.getServiceId());
        return z+1;
    }

}

启动服务者，可以看到服务者向之前打开的Eureka服务器注册了，如下图

2.3 服务消费者

pom和服务提供者一样。加入Ribbon轮询机制

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
		</dependency>

配置同样发送到Eureka服务器，如下

spring.application.name=ribbon-consumer
server.port=83
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:81/eureka/

springboot主程序注入RestTemplate的bean，因为我们要向服务提供者发送rest请求，从而获取服务。@Loadbalance开启轮询机制

package com.zz.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringCloudApplication
public class RibbonApplication {

	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced
	RestTemplate restTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(RibbonApplication.class, args);
	}

}

编写服务消费者获取服务代码，如下

package com.zz.springcloud.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Service
public class PlusService {

	@Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public String plus() {
        return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://EUREKA-SERVICE/plus?number=0", String.class).getBody();
    }


}

之后就是服务消费者的controller部分，调用从服务提供者获取的服务

package com.zz.springcloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.zz.springcloud.service.PlusService;

@RestController
public class Controller {

    @Autowired
    PlusService plusService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/plusone", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String add() {
        return plusService.plus();
    }


}

启动之后，输入http://localhost:83/plusone 页面如下，如果你开启多个服务提供者在不同端口，也可以在后台发现被轮询服务。

3. 到这里springcloud注册、发现、消费就完成了。之后还会介绍路由熔断、zuul服务网关以及分布式配置。