CentOS 7.x环境下nginx的简单安装

第一步：下载

Windows下载：

下载地址：http://nginx.org/en/download.html

Linux系统下载：
[root@ec-server-0 install_file]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

第二步：解压到指定安装目录

# 1.mkdir nginx
# 2.tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

[root@ec-server-0 software]#  mkdir nginx

[root@ec-server-0 install_file]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/software/nginx/

第三步：安装相关依赖软件包

# 1.yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake libtool make cmake

[root@ec-server-0 install_file]#  yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake libtool make cmake

# 2.yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

[root@ec-server-0 install_file]# yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

第四步：配置

配置前后：
[root@ec-server-0 install_file]# find / -name nginx
/usr/local/software/nginx

前后查找结果都是为：/usr/local/software/nginx

# 1.cd /usr/local/software/nginx/nginx-1.16.1
# 2. ./configure
[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]# ./configure

相关配置结果：
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

# 3.第2步还可以自己指定相关配置目录
  命令：./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid

第五步：编译安装

# 1.make&&make install

[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]#  make&&make install

编译安装之后：
[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]# find / -name nginx
/usr/local/software/nginx
/usr/local/software/nginx/nginx-1.16.1/objs/nginx
/usr/local/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

执行结果为：
/usr/local/software/nginx
/usr/local/software/nginx/nginx-1.16.1/objs/nginx
/usr/local/nginx              --> 安装好后的nginx根目录
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx   --> 启动脚本

第六步：启动nginx

# 1.启动
[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
# 2.查看启动进程情况
[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
root       8543      1  0 01:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody     8545   8543  0 01:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]#

第七步：验证

# 1.访问：http://192.168.199.232/

如果页面显示：Welcome to nginx!
则安装成功
如果无法访问，查看服务器防火墙是否关闭，如果防火墙是开启的：Active:active(Running)
则将80端口加入防火墙白名单，或者关闭防火墙

# 2.添加防火墙80端口到白名单中

[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]# systemctl status firewalld
[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp
success
[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

# 再次访问页面，成功！

第八步：配置nginx为系统开机启动软件

方法1：

# 1.进入/usr/lib/systemd/system目录下，编写nginx.service文件

[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s stop

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 2.设置开机启动nginx.service服务：systemctl enable nginx.service

方法2：

参考官方说明：https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/redhatnginxinit/

# 1.在/etc/init.d/目录下创建nginx脚本文件：touch  /etc/init.d/nginx
# 2.在新建的nginx脚本文件中添加官方参考的脚本内容
# 3.nginx官方脚本需要修改两处地方,修改为自己实际的位置：
    nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
    NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
# 4.改变nginx脚本文件权限：chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

# 5.用chkconfig管理nginx脚本
   * 将nginx添加至chkconfig管理列表：chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx
   * 这时便可使用 service nginx status/start/restart/stop等命令了
   * 用chkconfig设置其开机启动：chkconfig --levels 235 on

 

附：

    Nginx官方文档：http://nginx.org/en/docs/

    Nginx中文文档：http://www.nginx.cn/doc/