SpringBoot教程（二十八） | SpringBoot集成Elasticsearch（spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch 方式）

前言

• 由 Spring 提供，是 Spring 在 ES 官方接口基础之上的二次封装，使用简单，易于上手；
• 缺点是更新太慢，SpringBoot 2.2.x 才提供对 es7.x 的支持，版本关联性很大，不易维护；

添加maven依赖

<!--spring boot 整合 elasticsearch -->
<!--不用填写具体版本，spring boot 会自动找与之适配的 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置application.properties

旧版本

server.port=8091

spring.elasticsearch.rest.uris=http://127.0.0.1:9200
spring.elasticsearch.rest.username=elastic
spring.elasticsearch.rest.password=1234567

新版本(去掉了rest)

server.port=8091

spring.elasticsearch.uris=http://127.0.0.1:9200
spring.elasticsearch.username=elastic
spring.elasticsearch.password=1234567

测试实体类

创建一个员工的实体类
关键注解 @Document、@Id、@Field

package com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.bean;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.DateFormat;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 员工实体类
 * @Document：作用在类上，标记实体类为文档对象。 indexName（索引名称，相当于数据库的表名称）
 * @Id：作用在成员变量上，标记一个字段作为id主键。 在Elasticsearch中，文档ID是唯一的，用于标识文档。
 * @Field：定义Java对象属性与Elasticsearch文档字段之间的映射关系。
 * @author
 */
@Document(indexName = "employee_info")
public class EmployeeInfo {

    @Id
    private Long id;

    /**
     * 工号
     */
    @Field(name = "job_no")
    private String jobNo;

    /**
     * 姓名
     */
    @Field(name = "name")
    private String name;

    /**
     * 英文名
     */
    @Field(name = "english_name")
    private String englishName;

    /**
     * 工作岗位
     */
    private String job;

    /**
     * 性别
     */
    private Integer sex;

    /**
     * 年龄
     */
    private Integer age;

    /**
     * 薪资
     */
    private BigDecimal salary;

    /**
     * 入职时间
     */
    @Field(name = "job_day", format = DateFormat.date_time)
    private Date jobDay;

    /**
     * 备注
     */
    private String remark;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getJobNo() {
        return jobNo;
    }

    public void setJobNo(String jobNo) {
        this.jobNo = jobNo;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEnglishName() {
        return englishName;
    }

    public void setEnglishName(String englishName) {
        this.englishName = englishName;
    }

    public String getJob() {
        return job;
    }

    public void setJob(String job) {
        this.job = job;
    }

    public Integer getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(Integer sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public BigDecimal getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(BigDecimal salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public Date getJobDay() {
        return jobDay;
    }

    public void setJobDay(Date jobDay) {
        this.jobDay = jobDay;
    }

    public String getRemark() {
        return remark;
    }

    public void setRemark(String remark) {
        this.remark = remark;
    }

    public EmployeeInfo() {
    }

    public EmployeeInfo(Long id, String jobNo, String name, String englishName, String job, Integer sex, Integer age, BigDecimal salary, Date jobDay, String remark) {
        this.id = id;
        this.jobNo = jobNo;
        this.name = name;
        this.englishName = englishName;
        this.job = job;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
        this.salary = salary;
        this.jobDay = jobDay;
        this.remark = remark;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "EmployeeInfo{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", jobNo='" + jobNo + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", englishName='" + englishName + '\'' +
                ", job='" + job + '\'' +
                ", sex=" + sex +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", salary=" + salary +
                ", jobDay=" + jobDay +
                ", remark='" + remark + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

方式一：继承 ElasticsearchRepository（适合简单查询）

ElasticsearchRepository 提供了一个高级的抽象，使得你可以在不编写任何实现代码的情况下，直接使用预定义的CRUD方法和查询方法。

业务层接口继承 ElasticsearchRepository 类
泛型的参数分别是实体类型和主键类型
例如：

public interface EmployeeInfoRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<EmployeeInfo, Long> {

}

然后就可以直接使用了

直接使用

添加单个文档

package com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.controller;

import com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.bean.EmployeeInfo;
import com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.service.EmployeeInfoRepository;
import com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.service.EmployeeInfoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/employeeInfo")
public class EmployeeElasticController {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeInfoRepository elasticRepository;

    @RequestMapping("/save")
    public String save() throws Exception {
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        EmployeeInfo employeeInfo = new EmployeeInfo(6001L, "2001", "张三", "zhangsan", "Java", 1, 19, new BigDecimal("12500.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注");
        elasticRepository.save(employeeInfo);
        return "success";
    }
    
}

执行后，es上面新增成功了。

想自定义自己的Repository接口

就要遵守 自定义方法命名规范

【自定义方法命名约定】：

例如：我们来按照年龄区间查询，定义这样的一个方法findByAgeBetween：

/**
 * 需要继承ElasticsearchRepository接口
 * 由于Item实体类中id为Long类型
 */
public interface EmployeeInfoRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<EmployeeInfo, Long>
 
    /**
     * 方法名必须遵守SpringData的规范
     * 年龄区间查询
     */
    List<EmployeeInfo> findByAgeBetween(int age1, int age2);
}

然后，再通过saveAll新增多些数据，再进行自定义的方法进行查询

package com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.controller;

import com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.bean.EmployeeInfo;
import com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.service.EmployeeInfoRepository;
import com.example.springbootfull.elasticsearch.service.EmployeeInfoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/employeeInfo")
public class EmployeeElasticController {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeInfoRepository elasticRepository;

    @RequestMapping("/saveAll")
    public String saveAll() throws Exception {
        List<EmployeeInfo> list = new ArrayList<>();
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1001L, "2001", "张三", "zhangsan", "Java", 1, 19, new BigDecimal("12500.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1002L, "2002", "李四", "lisi", "PHP", 1, 18, new BigDecimal("11600.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1003L, "2003", "王五", "wangwu", "C++", 1, 20, new BigDecimal("9900.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1004L, "2004", "赵六", "zhaoliu", "Java Leader", 1, 20, new BigDecimal("20000.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1005L, "2005", "小五", "xiaowu", "H5", 1, 17, new BigDecimal("10600.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1006L, "2006", "小六", "xaioliu", "web", 1, 20, new BigDecimal("12600.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1007L, "2007", "小七", "xiaoqi", "app", 1, 22, new BigDecimal("20000.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1008L, "2008", "小八", "xaioba", "Java", 1, 21, new BigDecimal("11000.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1009L, "2009", "小九", "xiaojiu", "Java", 1, 20, new BigDecimal("14000.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        list.add(new EmployeeInfo(1010L, "2010", "大十", "dashi", "Java", 1, 20, new BigDecimal("13000.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注"));
        elasticRepository.saveAll(list);
        return "success -> " + list.size();
    }

    @RequestMapping("/findByAgeBetween")
    public String findByAgeBetween(){
        elasticRepository.findByAgeBetween(10,20);
        return "success";
    }
    
}

使用 findByAgeBetween 查询后的效果

方式二：使用ElasticsearchRestTemplate（更适合用于复杂查询）

与 ElasticsearchRepository 相比，ElasticsearchRestTemplate 更适合用于复杂查询 。
比如 多个条件组合、范围查询、模糊查询、聚合查询等复杂场景
还支持分页、排序、过滤等高级功能

添加单个文档

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/employeeInfo")
public class EmployeeElasticController {

    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;
    
    @RequestMapping("/template/save")
    public String  templateSave() throws Exception  {
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        EmployeeInfo employeeInfo = new EmployeeInfo(8888L, "2001", "张八", "zhangsan", "Java", 1, 19, new BigDecimal("12500.01"), simpleDateFormat.parse("2019-09-10"), "备注");
        elasticsearchRestTemplate.save(employeeInfo);
        return "success";
    }

简单查询-通过id

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/employeeInfo")
public class EmployeeElasticController {

    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;
    
    @RequestMapping("/getEmployeeInfo")
    public EmployeeInfo getEmployeeInfo() {
        return elasticsearchRestTemplate.get("6001", EmployeeInfo.class);
    }

查询结果如下

批量添加、删除、复杂的查询 等等 其余的我就不多说了

【参考文章】
【1】SpringBoot-starter-data整合Elasticsearch
【2】SpringBoot之ElasticsearchRestTemplate常用示例
【3】Spring Data Elasticsearch篇(3):ElasticsearchRepository文档操作