【Es】es deep paging问题

1.概述

关联博客：【elasticsearch】elasticsearch 搜索结果的含义

转载：https://blog.csdn.net/gwd1154978352/article/details/82943037

2.分页搜索

在正常搜索之后添加

?from=0&size=2

注：当数据量达到50000条以上时，用下面的scroll滚动的方式进行代替

GET /_search?from=0&size=2

返回结果

{
  "took": 3,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 16,
    "successful": 16,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 8,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": ".kibana",
        "_type": "doc",
        "_id": "config:6.4.0",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "type": "config",
          "updated_at": "2018-09-18T09:30:18.949Z",
          "config": {
            "buildNum": 17929,
            "telemetry:optIn": true
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "blog",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "eTmX5mUBtZGWutGW0TNs",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "title": "New version of Elasticsearch released!",
          "content": "Version 1.0 released today!",
          "priority": 10,
          "tags": [
            "announce",
            "elasticsearch",
            "release"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

3. deep paging问题

deep paging简单来说，就是搜索的特别深，比如总共有60000条数据，现在有3个primary shard，每个shard上分20000条，每页是10条数据，这个时候你要搜索到第1000页，实际上要拿到的是10001-10010，该怎么拿呢？

请求首先可能是打到一个不包含这个index的shard的node上，这个node就是一个coordinate node，这个coordinate node就会将搜索请求转发到index的三个shard所在的node上去。

要搜索60000条数据中的第1000页，实际上每个shard都要将内部的20000条数据中的第1-10010条数据拿出来，不是10条，是10010条数据，3个shard每个shard都返回10010条数据给coordinate node，coordinate node会收到总共30030条数据，然后排序取到所需的那10条数据，其实就是我们要的最后的第1000页的10条数据。

举个例子，现在有60个带编号的球（从1到60），我现在随机给他们放到三个篮子里面（他们在篮子里面已经排好序了），现在我要取出第10-12个球，那我是不是应该先把各个篮子里面前12个球取出来放到一起（篮子里面的球是随机放的，无规律），共计36个球，然后汇总进行排序后，在这个结果中取出第10-12个球！！！

3.1 缺点

搜索过深的时候就需要在coordinate node上保存大量的数据，还要进行大量数据的排序，排序之后再取出对应的那一页，所以这个过程，既消耗网络宽带，耗费内存，还消耗cpu。这就是deep paging的性能问题，我们应该尽量避免出现这种deep paging操作。

3.2 解决方案

为了解决上面的问题，elasticsearch提出了一个scroll滚动的方式，这个滚动的方式原理就是通过每次查询后，返回一个scroll_id。根据这个scroll_id 进行下一页的查询。可以把这个scroll_id理解为通常关系型数据库中的游标。但是，这种scroll方式的缺点是不能够进行反复查询，也就是说，只能进行下一页，不能进行上一页。

经过分析，如果数据达到了50000条以上，那么用户基本上是不会考虑每条都去看的，用户需要的是最后对数据分析处理后的结果。而如果小于50000条的时候我们可以使用from size的方式进行分页的查询。那么这种方式存在是为了什么情景呢。应该是为了分批次的检索所有数据。

3.3 实现步骤

1.首先取出前2条，并且得到scroll_id（这里的3s代表的是持续滚动时间，如果过了3秒钟，还没有查询下一页，那么这个scroll_id就会失效）。

GET /_search?scroll=3s&size=2

返回结果

{
  "_scroll_id": "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",
  "took": 10,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 16,
    "successful": 16,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 8,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": ".kibana",
        "_type": "doc",
        "_id": "config:6.4.0",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "type": "config",
          "updated_at": "2018-09-18T09:30:18.949Z",
          "config": {
            "buildNum": 17929,
            "telemetry:optIn": true
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "blog",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "eTmX5mUBtZGWutGW0TNs",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "title": "New version of Elasticsearch released!",
          "content": "Version 1.0 released today!",
          "priority": 10,
          "tags": [
            "announce",
            "elasticsearch",
            "release"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }

}

2.再次查询下一页，注意，这里查询时不需要指定index，只需要指定scroll_id和本次的持续滚动时间。

说白了，想要第几页，循环请求几次就行了，在设置的时间内scroll_id是不会变的

GET /_search/scroll?scroll=3s&scroll_id=DnF1ZXJ5VGhlbkZldGNoEAAAAAAAAAWtFnhEVi1HVGViVFJxYzdlczBoRFI0clEAAAAAAAAFuxZ4RFYtR1RlYlRScWM3ZXMwaERSNHJRAAAAAAAABa4WeERWLUdUZWJUUnFjN2VzMGhEUjRyUQAAAAAAAAWwFnhEVi1HVGViVFJxYzdlczBoRFI0clEAAAAAAAAFrxZ4RFYtR1RlYlRScWM3ZXMwaERSNHJRAAAAAAAABbIWeERWLUdUZWJUUnFjN2VzMGhEUjRyUQAAAAAAAAWxFnhEVi1HVGViVFJxYzdlczBoRFI0clEAAAAAAAAFvBZ4RFYtR1RlYlRScWM3ZXMwaERSNHJRAAAAAAAABbMWeERWLUdUZWJUUnFjN2VzMGhEUjRyUQAAAAAAAAW0FnhEVi1HVGViVFJxYzdlczBoRFI0clEAAAAAAAAFtRZ4RFYtR1RlYlRScWM3ZXMwaERSNHJRAAAAAAAABbYWeERWLUdUZWJUUnFjN2VzMGhEUjRyUQAAAAAAAAW3FnhEVi1HVGViVFJxYzdlczBoRFI0clEAAAAAAAAFuBZ4RFYtR1RlYlRScWM3ZXMwaERSNHJRAAAAAAAABbkWeERWLUdUZWJUUnFjN2VzMGhEUjRyUQAAAAAAAAW6FnhEVi1HVGViVFJxYzdlczBoRFI0clE=

或者

POST /_search/scroll
{
 "scroll" : "3s",
 "scroll_id":"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"
}
 

删除对应scroll_id

当我们搜索完毕或者说已经滚动到最后的时候，我们可以选择删除scroll_id

DELETE /_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

删除所有scroll_id

DELETE /_search/scroll/_all