2、设计模式(创建型)之工厂模式

作用

• 定义一个创建对象的接口，让其子类自己决定实例化哪一个工厂类，工厂模式使其创建过程延迟到子类进行。

何时使用

• 我们明确地计划不同条件下创建不同实例时

优点

1. 一个调用者想创建一个对象，只要知道其名称就可以了
2. 扩展性高，如果想增加一个产品，只要扩展一个工厂类就可以
3. 屏蔽产品的具体实现，调用者只关心产品的接口

实例

1. 简单工厂

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.simpleFactory;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 9:50
    * @Version:
    * @Acton: 行为借口
    */
   public interface Car {
        void run();
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.simpleFactory;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 10:06
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:
    */
   public class CarFactory {
   
       /**  第一种模式*/
       public static Car createCar(String type){
           if("byd".equals(type)){
               return new Byd();
           }else if("gq".equals(type)){
               return new Gq();
           }
           return null;
       }
   
       /** 第二种模式 */
       public static Car createByd(){
           return new Byd();
       }
   
       public static Car createGq(){
           return new Gq();
       }
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.simpleFactory;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 9:50
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:
    */
   public class Byd implements Car {
       @Override
       public void run() {
           System.out.println("Byd 起飞");
       }
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.simpleFactory;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 9:51
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:
    */
   public class Gq implements Car {
       @Override
       public void run() {
           System.out.println("Gq 起飞");
       }
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.simpleFactory;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 9:52
    * @Version:
    * @Acton: 测试简单工厂
    */
   public class TestSimpleFactoryDemo {
   
       public static void main(String[] args){
           //没用工厂之前
   //        Car car1 = new Gq();
   //        Car car2 = new Byd();
   //        car1.run();
   //        car2.run();
           //用简单工厂之后
           Car byd = CarFactory.createCar("byd");
           Car gq = CarFactory.createCar("gq");
           byd.run();
           gq.run();
   
           Car byd1 = CarFactory.createByd();
           Car gq1 = CarFactory.createGq();
           byd.run();
           gq.run();
   
       }
   }

     关系图：
      
2. 工厂方法

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.factoryMethod;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 9:50
    * @Version:
    * @Acton: 行为借口
    */
   public interface Car {
        void run();
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.factoryMethod;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 10:33
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:  行为工厂
    */
   public interface CarFactory {
   
       Car createCar();
   }
   

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.factoryMethod;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 9:50
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:
    */
   public class Byd implements Car {
       @Override
       public void run() {
           System.out.println("Byd 起飞");
       }
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.factoryMethod;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 10:34
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:
    */
   public class BydFactory implements CarFactory {
   
       @Override
       public Car createCar() {
           return new Byd();
       }
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.factoryMethod;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 9:51
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:
    */
   public class Gq implements Car {
       @Override
       public void run() {
           System.out.println("Gq 起飞");
       }
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.factoryMethod;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 10:35
    * @Version:
    * @Acton:
    */
   public class GqFactory implements CarFactory {
       @Override
       public Car createCar() {
           return new Gq();
       }
   }

   package xin.chen.create_type.factory.factoryMethod;
   
   /**
    * @Author: create_By: chenxin
    * @Data:Created in 2018/8/3 10:35
    * @Version:
    * @Acton: 测试工厂方法
    */
   public class TestFactoryMethodDemo {
   
       public static void main(String[] args){
           Car car = new BydFactory().createCar();
           Car car1 = new GqFactory().createCar();
           car.run();
           car1.run();
       }
   }

   关系图：