Android的四中数据存储方法:
1、SharedPreferences
2、SQLite
3、Content Provider
4、File
SharedPreferences:(效率不高,ASCII码文件)
1、是一种轻型的数据存储方式
2、本质是基于XML文件存储key-value键值对数据
3、通常用来存储以一些简单的配置信息(配置文件)
如:重载窗口状态、下次密码登陆。
SharedPreferences对象本身只能获取数据而不支持存储和修改,
存储修改是通过Editor对象实现。
实现SharedPreferences存储的步骤:
(1)获得SharedPreferences对象
(2)获得SharedPreferences.Editor对象
(3)通过Editor接口的putXxx方法保存key-value对其中Xxx表示不同的数据类型。
package com.imooc.li806.sharedpreferencesdemo1;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//SharedPreferences pref = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(MainActivity.this);
//参数:1.文件(保存数据)。2.文件的权限(MODE_PRIVATE只有当前程序可以修改)
SharedPreferences pref = getSharedPreferences("myPerf",MODE_PRIVATE);
//写入
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = pref.edit();
editor.putString("name","张三");
editor.putInt("age",30);
editor.putLong("time", System.currentTimeMillis());
editor.putBoolean("default",true);
//提交
editor.commit();
//删除
editor.remove("default");
//每次操作完之后都要进行提交
editor.commit();
//打印信息
System.out.println(pref.getString("name",""));
System.out.println(pref.getInt("age",0));
}
}
package com.imooc.li806.sharedpreferencesdemo1;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText etUserName,etUserPass;
CheckBox chk;
SharedPreferences pref;
SharedPreferences.Editor editor;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
/*
//SharedPreferences pref = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(MainActivity.this);
//参数:1.文件(保存数据)。2.文件的权限(MODE_PRIVATE只有当前程序可以修改)
SharedPreferences pref = getSharedPreferences("myPerf",MODE_PRIVATE);
//写入
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = pref.edit();
editor.putString("name","张三");
editor.putInt("age",30);
editor.putLong("time", System.currentTimeMillis());
editor.putBoolean("default",true);
//提交
editor.commit();
//删除
editor.remove("default");
//每次操作完之后都要进行提交
editor.commit();
//打印信息
System.out.println(pref.getString("name",""));
System.out.println(pref.getInt("age",0));
*/
etUserName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etusername);
etUserPass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etuserpass);
chk = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.chkSaveName);
pref = getSharedPreferences("UserInfo",MODE_PRIVATE);
editor = pref.edit();//启用编辑
String name = pref.getString("userName","");
if(name == null){//如果名字不为空chk位true
chk.setChecked(false);
}else{
chk.setChecked(true);
etUserName.setText(name);
}
}
public void doClick(View V){
switch (V.getId()){ //获取ID
case R.id.btnLogin:
//.trim()去掉字符串的首位空格
String name = etUserName.getText().toString().trim();
String pass = etUserPass.getText().toString().trim();
if("admin".equals(name) && "123456".equals(pass)){
if(chk.isChecked()){
editor.putString("userName",name);
editor.commit();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"登陆成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else{
editor.remove("userName");
editor.commit();
}
}else{
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"禁止登陆",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
break;
}
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.imooc.li806.sharedpreferencesdemo1.MainActivity">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginTop="17dp"
android:text="用户名:" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/etusername"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignTop="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:ems="10" >
<requestFocus />
</EditText>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignRight="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_below="@+id/etusername"
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
android:text="密 码:" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/etuserpass"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/textView2"
android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/textView2"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/etusername"
android:ems="10" />
<CheckBox
android:id="@+id/chkSaveName"
android:checked="false"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textView2"
android:layout_below="@+id/textView2"
android:layout_marginTop="14dp"
android:text="保存用户名" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnLogin"
android:onClick="doClick"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
android:text="登陆"
android:layout_below="@+id/chkSaveName"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/chkSaveName"
android:layout_alignStart="@+id/chkSaveName" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnCancel"
android:onClick="doClick"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignTop="@+id/btnLogin"
android:layout_marginLeft="27dp"
android:layout_marginStart="27dp"
android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/chkSaveName"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/chkSaveName"
android:text="取消" />
</RelativeLayout>