服务端代码:
1 package bsit.mqtt.demo.one_way; 2 3 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient; 4 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions; 5 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken; 6 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException; 7 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage; 8 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException; 9 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic; 10 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence; 11 /** 12 * 13 * Title:Server 14 * Description: 服务器向多个客户端推送主题,即不同客户端可向服务器订阅相同主题 15 * @author chenrl 16 * 2016年1月6日下午3:29:28 17 */ 18 public class Server { 19 20 public static final String HOST = "tcp://127.0.0.1:1883"; 21 public static final String TOPIC = "toclient/124"; 22 public static final String TOPIC125 = "toclient/125"; 23 private static final String clientid = "server"; 24 25 private MqttClient client; 26 private MqttTopic topic; 27 private MqttTopic topic125; 28 private String userName = "admin"; 29 private String passWord = "password"; 30 31 private MqttMessage message; 32 33 public Server() throws MqttException { 34 // MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式,默认为以内存保存 35 client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence()); 36 connect(); 37 } 38 39 private void connect() { 40 MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions(); 41 options.setCleanSession(false); 42 options.setUserName(userName); 43 options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray()); 44 // 设置超时时间 45 options.setConnectionTimeout(10); 46 // 设置会话心跳时间 47 options.setKeepAliveInterval(20); 48 try { 49 client.setCallback(new PushCallback()); 50 client.connect(options); 51 topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC); 52 topic125 = client.getTopic(TOPIC125); 53 } catch (Exception e) { 54 e.printStackTrace(); 55 } 56 } 57 58 public void publish(MqttTopic topic , MqttMessage message) throws MqttPersistenceException, 59 MqttException { 60 MqttDeliveryToken token = topic.publish(message); 61 token.waitForCompletion(); 62 System.out.println("message is published completely! " 63 + token.isComplete()); 64 } 65 66 public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException { 67 Server server = new Server(); 68 69 server.message = new MqttMessage(); 70 server.message.setQos(2); 71 server.message.setRetained(true); 72 server.message.setPayload("给客户端124推送的信息".getBytes()); 73 server.publish(server.topic , server.message); 74 75 server.message = new MqttMessage(); 76 server.message.setQos(2); 77 server.message.setRetained(true); 78 server.message.setPayload("给客户端125推送的信息".getBytes()); 79 server.publish(server.topic125 , server.message); 80 81 System.out.println(server.message.isRetained() + "------ratained状态"); 82 } 83 }
客户端代码:
1 package bsit.mqtt.demo.one_way; 2 3 import java.util.concurrent.Executors; 4 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService; 5 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; 6 7 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient; 8 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions; 9 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException; 10 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttSecurityException; 11 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic; 12 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence; 13 14 public class Client { 15 16 public static final String HOST = "tcp://127.0.0.1:1883"; 17 public static final String TOPIC = "toclient/124"; 18 private static final String clientid = "client124"; 19 private MqttClient client; 20 private MqttConnectOptions options; 21 private String userName = "admin"; 22 private String passWord = "password"; 23 24 private ScheduledExecutorService scheduler; 25 26 private void start() { 27 try { 28 // host为主机名,clientid即连接MQTT的客户端ID,一般以唯一标识符表示,MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式,默认为以内存保存 29 client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence()); 30 // MQTT的连接设置 31 options = new MqttConnectOptions(); 32 // 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录,这里设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接 33 options.setCleanSession(true); 34 // 设置连接的用户名 35 options.setUserName(userName); 36 // 设置连接的密码 37 options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray()); 38 // 设置超时时间 单位为秒 39 options.setConnectionTimeout(10); 40 // 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送个消息判断客户端是否在线,但这个方法并没有重连的机制 41 options.setKeepAliveInterval(20); 42 // 设置回调 43 client.setCallback(new PushCallback()); 44 MqttTopic topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC); 45 //setWill方法,如果项目中需要知道客户端是否掉线可以调用该方法。设置最终端口的通知消息 46 options.setWill(topic, "close".getBytes(), 2, true); 47 48 client.connect(options); 49 //订阅消息 50 int[] Qos = {1}; 51 String[] topic1 = {TOPIC}; 52 client.subscribe(topic1, Qos); 53 54 } catch (Exception e) { 55 e.printStackTrace(); 56 } 57 } 58 59 public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException { 60 Client client = new Client(); 61 client.start(); 62 } 63 }
MQTT订阅回调类:
1 package bsit.mqtt.demo.one_way; 2 3 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken; 4 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback; 5 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage; 6 7 /** 8 * 发布消息的回调类 9 * 10 * 必须实现MqttCallback的接口并实现对应的相关接口方法CallBack 类将实现 MqttCallBack。 11 * 每个客户机标识都需要一个回调实例。在此示例中,构造函数传递客户机标识以另存为实例数据。 12 * 在回调中,将它用来标识已经启动了该回调的哪个实例。 13 * 必须在回调类中实现三个方法: 14 * 15 * public void messageArrived(MqttTopic topic, MqttMessage message)接收已经预订的发布。 16 * 17 * public void connectionLost(Throwable cause)在断开连接时调用。 18 * 19 * public void deliveryComplete(MqttDeliveryToken token)) 20 * 接收到已经发布的 QoS 1 或 QoS 2 消息的传递令牌时调用。 21 * 由 MqttClient.connect 激活此回调。 22 * 23 */ 24 public class PushCallback implements MqttCallback { 25 26 public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) { 27 // 连接丢失后,一般在这里面进行重连 28 System.out.println("连接断开,可以做重连"); 29 } 30 31 public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) { 32 System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------" + token.isComplete()); 33 } 34 35 public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception { 36 // subscribe后得到的消息会执行到这里面 37 System.out.println("接收消息主题 : " + topic); 38 System.out.println("接收消息Qos : " + message.getQos()); 39 System.out.println("接收消息内容 : " + new String(message.getPayload())); 40 } 41 }
运行服务端代码,可看到服务器会给客户端124/125各推送一条消息,
在运行124客户端代码,可看到124客户端接收的信息:
然后把客户端代码的Topic改为TOPIC = "toclient/125";clientid = "client125";再运行该段代码,可看到125客户端接收的信息:
多个客户端订阅同一主题,其clientid必不相同。客户端124/125订阅各自主题的内容,但是不同时间启动,都在启动后接收到各自信息,这体现出了服务器的推送功能。同样的,发送的主题信息,可以在服务器的topic可以看到,访问路径是:http://127.0.0.1:61680/
其实,如若服务端和客户端相互通信,即客户端可以订阅可以发布,服务端可以订阅也可以发布,则可不区分服务端客户端,两边代码几乎一样。类似,两个客户端都在订阅同一主题,这时由第三个客户端发布这一主题的请求,前两个客户端同样可以接受该主题的内容,这时三个客户端的代码几乎一样,只是前两个是订阅,后一个是发布。
以上是自己纯碎学习所得,可能有很多bug,望后来人多多批评指正。