Linux常用命令、Xshell、MobaXterm使用总结

Linux常用命令

1、查找文件

参考链接：链接

代码：
1、在su命令下
2、/：为在该文件夹下查找，*anaconda*:包含anaconda的文件，anaconda：查找名字为anaconda的文件

root@jiuling:/# find / -name *anaconda*

输出：

/anaconda
/home/jiuling/anaconda3
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-2022.05-py39_0.tar.bz2
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-project-0.10.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0.conda
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_086k28sii
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-project-0.10.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-project-0.10.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0/site-packages/anaconda_project-0.10.2.dist-info
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-project-0.10.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0/site-packages/anaconda_project
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-2022.05-py39_0
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/navigator-updater-0.2.1-py39_1/lib/python3.9/site-packages/navigator_updater/static/images/anaconda-navigator-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/navigator-updater-0.2.1-py39_1/lib/python3.9/site-packages/navigator_updater/static/images/anaconda-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0dd6au4eg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-client-1.9.0-py39h06a4308_0
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-client-1.9.0-py39h06a4308_0/bin/anaconda
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-client-1.9.0-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_client-1.9.0.dist-info
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/bin/anaconda-navigator
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator-2.1.4-py3.9.egg-info
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/widgets/dialogs/login/anaconda_dialogs.py
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/widgets/dialogs/login/__pycache__/anaconda_dialogs.cpython-39.pyc
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/api/__pycache__/anaconda_api.cpython-39.pyc
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/api/anaconda_api.py
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-logo-white.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-icon-256x256.png
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-navigator-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/logos/anaconda.png
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda.png
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/utils/anaconda_solvers
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0.conda
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-client-1.9.0-py39h06a4308_0.conda
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/anaconda-project-0.10.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0zjgx0717
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/conda-4.12.0-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/gateways/anaconda_client.py
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/pkgs/conda-4.12.0-py39h06a4308_0/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/gateways/__pycache__/anaconda_client.cpython-39.pyc
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/bin/anaconda
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/bin/anaconda-navigator
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/bin/anaconda-project
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/navigator_updater/static/images/anaconda-navigator-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/navigator_updater/static/images/anaconda-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_client-1.9.0.dist-info
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/gateways/anaconda_client.py
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/gateways/__pycache__/anaconda_client.cpython-39.pyc
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator-2.1.4-py3.9.egg-info
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/widgets/dialogs/login/anaconda_dialogs.py
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/widgets/dialogs/login/__pycache__/anaconda_dialogs.cpython-39.pyc
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/api/__pycache__/anaconda_api.cpython-39.pyc
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/api/anaconda_api.py
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-logo-white.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-icon-256x256.png
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-navigator-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda-logo.svg
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/logos/anaconda.png
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/static/images/anaconda.png
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_navigator/utils/anaconda_solvers
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_project-0.10.2.dist-info
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/anaconda_project
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/conda-meta/anaconda-client-1.9.0-py39h06a4308_0.json
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/conda-meta/anaconda-project-0.10.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0.json
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/conda-meta/anaconda-navigator-2.1.4-py39h06a4308_0.json
/home/jiuling/anaconda3/conda-meta/anaconda-2022.05-py39_0.json
/usr/share/sosreport/sos/plugins/anaconda.py
/usr/share/sosreport/sos/plugins/__pycache__/anaconda.cpython-36.pyc

2、删除文件/文件夹

参考链接：链接

删除文件夹：

sudo rm-rf 文件夹

3、查看Linux系统的体系结构

参考链接：链接

uname -a

输出：

Linux jiuling 4.15.0-20-generic #21-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 24 06:16:15 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

4、解压文件

参考：链接
把当前文件夹的 CenterNet.zip 解压到上一个目录下，-d：指定目录

unzip CenterNet.zip -d ../

5、删除文件

参考：链接

5.1 删除文件名

删除文件名

rm 文件名

强制删除文件名

rm -f 文件名

5.2 删除文件夹

强制删除文件夹（force）

rm -f 文件夹

递归强制删除文件夹（recursion）

rm -rf 文件夹

6、复制/移动 文件/文件夹

这个链接说的很清楚：链接

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Xshell使用

1、win->ubuntu上传文件

参考链接：链接

rz -y

2、ubuntu->win下载文件

参考：链接
参考：链接

sz 文件名

MobaXterm的使用

1、MobaXterm不能上传文件

使用MobaXterm的时候无法上传文件，参考了这个链接，得以解决。

如：修改当前文件夹 CenterNet-master-yiliuwu/ 的权限，使用如下命令，但我只能修改一个文件夹的权限，不能级联所下属的文件（即不能使用-r）

sudo chmod 777 CenterNet-master-yiliuwu/

其实使用上面这个方法，对我的服务器来说只能对某些文件夹有用，想要彻底解决，请参考这个： 链接

2、使用MobaXterm的时候出现 Network error: Software caused connection abort错误解决方法

参考：链接

3、如何在服务器本机跑深度学习模型

例如执行 train_luggage.sh，可以使用如下命令：

nohup sh train_luggage.sh &

也可以使用，2表示错误输出，1表示标准正确输出，2>&1表示：错误输入到标准正确输出，并都打印在同级目录下的 train.log 的文件里，而在1前面加&是为了区别文件1和1(标准输出)，假如为2>1,那么不就成了将错误内容输出到文件1中。

nohup sh train_luggage.sh >train.log 2>&1 &

nohup的全称是no hang up，意即不挂断的运行，并不表示在后台运行；& 才表示才后台运行。输出结果打印在同级目录下的nohup.out文件里面。

如何杀死nohup进程呢？

kill -9 PID

PID就是进程号，一般在你输入nohup sh train_luggage.sh &就会显示。

参考：链接1，链接2，链接3