leedcode 121，70

121. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock

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Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i.
If you were only permitted to complete at most one transaction (i.e., buy one and sell one share of the stock), design an algorithm to find the maximum profit.

Note that you cannot sell a stock before you buy one.

Example 1:

Input: [7,1,5,3,6,4]
Output: 5
Explanation: Buy on day 2 (price = 1) and sell on day 5 (price = 6), profit = 6-1 = 5.
Not 7-1 = 6, as selling price needs to be larger than buying price.
Example 2:

Input: [7,6,4,3,1]
Output: 0
Explanation: In this case, no transaction is done, i.e. max profit = 0.

class Solution:
    def maxProfit(self, prices: List[int]) -> int:
        k,b = 0,0
        mn= 100000000000000000
        for j in range(len(prices)):
            if prices[j] < mn:
                if j == len(prices)-1:
                    return k
                else:
                    mn = prices[j]
                    b = 0
            elif prices[j] > mn:
                b = prices[j] - mn
                if b > k:
                    k = b
        return k

O(n) 往后扫时保存扫到的较小的数，并保存最大收益

You are climbing a stair case. It takes n steps to reach to the top.

Each time you can either climb 1 or 2 steps. In how many distinct ways can you climb to the top?

Note: Given n will be a positive integer.

Example 1:

Input: 2
Output: 2
Explanation: There are two ways to climb to the top.

1. 1 step + 1 step
2. 2 steps
   Example 2:

Input: 3
Output: 3
Explanation: There are three ways to climb to the top.
3. 1 step + 1 step + 1 step
4. 1 step + 2 steps
5. 2 steps + 1 step

class Solution:
    def climbStairs(self, n: int) -> int:
        if n==1:
            return 1
        elif n==2:
            return 2
        else:
            one=two=1
            for i in range(2,n):
                one,two=one+two,one
            return one+two
            

到达顶部有两种方式，在到达一步前走一步，在到达前两步走两步