Spring Data JPA使用复合主键

演示环境

MySQL 5.7

JDK1.8

spring-data-jpa 1.10.4.RELEASE

hibernate 5.1.2.Final

这里演示一个余额宝的例子，一个用户一天一条记录，表示一个用户一天的收益情况。其中，用户ID，日期是复合主键

项目总体结构如下：

下面依次贴出源代码

pom.xml

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1. <project xmlns=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0” xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”  
2.     xsi:schemaLocation=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd”>  
3.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.   
5.     <groupId>com.pp.jpa</groupId>  
6.     <artifactId>springdata-jpa</artifactId>  
7.     <version>1.0.0</version>  
8.     <packaging>jar</packaging>  
9.   
10.     <name>springdata-jpa</name>  
11.     <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  
12.   
13.     <properties>  
14.         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
15.         <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>  
16.         <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>  
17.     </properties>  
18.   
19.     <dependencies>  
20.         <dependency>  
21.             <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
22.             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
23.             <version>5.1.40</version>  
24.         </dependency>  
25.         <dependency>  
26.             <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>  
27.             <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>  
28.             <version>1.10.4.RELEASE</version>  
29.         </dependency>  
30.         <dependency>  
31.             <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>  
32.             <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>  
33.             <version>5.1.2.Final</version>  
34.         </dependency>  
35.         <dependency>  
36.             <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>  
37.             <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>  
38.             <version>5.1.2.Final</version>  
39.         </dependency>  
40.         <dependency>  
41.             <groupId>junit</groupId>  
42.             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
43.             <version>4.12</version>  
44.             <scope>test</scope>  
45.         </dependency>  
46.     </dependencies>  
47.   
48. </project>  

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.pp.jpa</groupId>
    <artifactId>springdata-jpa</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springdata-jpa</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.40</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.2.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.2.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

下面依次是Java源码

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1. package com.pp.jpa.config;  
2.   
3. import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;  
4. import javax.sql.DataSource;  
5.   
6. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;  
7. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;  
8. import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;  
9. import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;  
10. import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;  
11. import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;  
12.   
13. import com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlDataSource;  
14.   
15. @Configuration  
16. public class JPAConfiguration {  
17.   
18.     @Bean  
19.     public DataSource createDataSource(){  
20.         MysqlDataSource ds = new MysqlDataSource();  
21.         ds.setURL(”jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/jpa”);  
22.         ds.setUser(”root”);  
23.         ds.setPassword(”admin123”);  
24.         return ds;  
25.     }  
26.       
27.     @Bean(name=“entityManagerFactory”)  
28.     public EntityManagerFactory createEntityManagerFactory(DataSource dataSource){  
29.         LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();  
30.         entityManagerFactory.setDataSource(dataSource);  
31.           
32.         HibernateJpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();  
33.         jpaVendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true);  
34.         jpaVendorAdapter.setShowSql(true);  
35.         entityManagerFactory.setPackagesToScan(”com.pp.jpa.entity”);  
36.         entityManagerFactory.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);  
37.         entityManagerFactory.afterPropertiesSet();  
38.         return entityManagerFactory.getObject();  
39.     }  
40.       
41.     @Bean(name=“transactionManager”)  
42.     public PlatformTransactionManager createPlatformTransactionManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory){  
43.         JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();  
44.         transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory);  
45.         return transactionManager;  
46.     }  
47. }  

package com.pp.jpa.config;

import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlDataSource;

@Configuration
public class JPAConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public DataSource createDataSource(){
        MysqlDataSource ds = new MysqlDataSource();
        ds.setURL("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/jpa");
        ds.setUser("root");
        ds.setPassword("admin123");
        return ds;
    }

    @Bean(name="entityManagerFactory")
    public EntityManagerFactory createEntityManagerFactory(DataSource dataSource){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        entityManagerFactory.setDataSource(dataSource);

        HibernateJpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        jpaVendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true);
        jpaVendorAdapter.setShowSql(true);
        entityManagerFactory.setPackagesToScan("com.pp.jpa.entity");
        entityManagerFactory.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
        entityManagerFactory.afterPropertiesSet();
        return entityManagerFactory.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name="transactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager createPlatformTransactionManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory){
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory);
        return transactionManager;
    }
}

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1. package com.pp.jpa.entity;  
2.   
3. import java.io.Serializable;  
4.   
5. import javax.persistence.Embeddable;  
6.   
7. /** 
8.  * 主键  
9.  * 代表复合主键的实体bean需要实现Serializable接口 
10.  */  
11. @Embeddable  
12. public class UserFundPrimarykey implements Serializable {  
13.       
14.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
15.   
16.     //用户ID  
17.     private Integer userId;  
18.       
19.     /** 
20.      * 日期，格式yyyy-MM-dd 
21.      */  
22.     private String date;  
23.       
24.     public UserFundPrimarykey() {}  
25.       
26.     public UserFundPrimarykey(Integer userId, String date) {  
27.         this.userId = userId;  
28.         this.date = date;  
29.     }  
30.   
31.     public Integer getUserId() {  
32.         return userId;  
33.     }  
34.   
35.     public void setUserId(Integer userId) {  
36.         this.userId = userId;  
37.     }  
38.   
39.     public String getDate() {  
40.         return date;  
41.     }  
42.   
43.     public void setDate(String date) {  
44.         this.date = date;  
45.     }  
46.   
47.     @Override  
48.     public String toString() {  
49.         return “UserFundPrimarykey [userId=” + userId + “, date=” + date + “]”;  
50.     }  
51. }  

package com.pp.jpa.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Embeddable;

/**
 * 主键 
 * 代表复合主键的实体bean需要实现Serializable接口
 */
@Embeddable
public class UserFundPrimarykey implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    //用户ID
    private Integer userId;

    /**
     * 日期，格式yyyy-MM-dd
     */
    private String date;

    public UserFundPrimarykey() {}

    public UserFundPrimarykey(Integer userId, String date) {
        this.userId = userId;
        this.date = date;
    }

    public Integer getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getDate() {
        return date;
    }

    public void setDate(String date) {
        this.date = date;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserFundPrimarykey [userId=" + userId + ", date=" + date + "]";
    }
}

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1. package com.pp.jpa.entity;  
2.   
3. import java.math.BigDecimal;  
4.   
5. import javax.persistence.Column;  
6. import javax.persistence.EmbeddedId;  
7. import javax.persistence.Entity;  
8. import javax.persistence.Table;  
9.   
10. /** 
11.  *  模拟一个余额宝的功能 
12.  *  一条记录代表一个用户一天的收益信息（本金，利率，利息） 
13.  */  
14. @Entity  
15. @Table(name = “user_funds”)  
16. public class UserFund {  
17.       
18.     /** 
19.      * 主键 
20.      * 复合主键不能用@Id，需要用@EmbeddedId。插入数据的时候必须手工赋值 
21.      */  
22.     @EmbeddedId  
23.     private UserFundPrimarykey userFundPK;  
24.       
25.     //本金  
26.     @Column(precision=18, scale=5)  
27.     private BigDecimal principal;  
28.       
29.     //利率（5%传0.05）  
30.     @Column(precision=18, scale=5)  
31.     private BigDecimal rate;  
32.       
33.     /** 
34.      * 当天收益（日利息=本金*利率/365） 
35.      * 保留2位小数 
36.      */  
37.     @Column(precision=18, scale=2)  
38.     private BigDecimal interest;  
39.   
40.     public UserFundPrimarykey getUserFundPK() {  
41.         return userFundPK;  
42.     }  
43.   
44.     public void setUserFundPK(UserFundPrimarykey userFundPK) {  
45.         this.userFundPK = userFundPK;  
46.     }  
47.   
48.     public BigDecimal getPrincipal() {  
49.         return principal;  
50.     }  
51.   
52.     public void setPrincipal(BigDecimal principal) {  
53.         this.principal = principal;  
54.     }  
55.   
56.     public BigDecimal getRate() {  
57.         return rate;  
58.     }  
59.   
60.     public void setRate(BigDecimal rate) {  
61.         this.rate = rate;  
62.     }  
63.   
64.     public BigDecimal getInterest() {  
65.         return interest;  
66.     }  
67.   
68.     public void setInterest(BigDecimal interest) {  
69.         this.interest = interest;  
70.     }  
71.   
72.     @Override  
73.     public String toString() {  
74.         return “UserFund [userFundPK=” + userFundPK + “, principal=” + principal + “, rate=” + rate + “, interest=”  
75.                 + interest + ”]”;  
76.     }  
77. }  

package com.pp.jpa.entity;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.EmbeddedId;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;

/**
 *  模拟一个余额宝的功能
 *  一条记录代表一个用户一天的收益信息（本金，利率，利息）
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_funds")
public class UserFund {

    /**
     * 主键
     * 复合主键不能用@Id，需要用@EmbeddedId。插入数据的时候必须手工赋值
     */
    @EmbeddedId
    private UserFundPrimarykey userFundPK;

    //本金
    @Column(precision=18, scale=5)
    private BigDecimal principal;

    //利率（5%传0.05）
    @Column(precision=18, scale=5)
    private BigDecimal rate;

    /**
     * 当天收益（日利息=本金*利率/365）
     * 保留2位小数
     */
    @Column(precision=18, scale=2)
    private BigDecimal interest;

    public UserFundPrimarykey getUserFundPK() {
        return userFundPK;
    }

    public void setUserFundPK(UserFundPrimarykey userFundPK) {
        this.userFundPK = userFundPK;
    }

    public BigDecimal getPrincipal() {
        return principal;
    }

    public void setPrincipal(BigDecimal principal) {
        this.principal = principal;
    }

    public BigDecimal getRate() {
        return rate;
    }

    public void setRate(BigDecimal rate) {
        this.rate = rate;
    }

    public BigDecimal getInterest() {
        return interest;
    }

    public void setInterest(BigDecimal interest) {
        this.interest = interest;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserFund [userFundPK=" + userFundPK + ", principal=" + principal + ", rate=" + rate + ", interest="
                + interest + "]";
    }
}

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1. package com.pp.repository;  
2.   
3. import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;  
4.   
5. import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFund;  
6. import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFundPrimarykey;  
7.   
8. public interface UserFundRepository extends CrudRepository<UserFund, UserFundPrimarykey> {  
9.       
10. }   

package com.pp.repository;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;

import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFund;
import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFundPrimarykey;

public interface UserFundRepository extends CrudRepository<UserFund, UserFundPrimarykey> {

} 

启动类

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1. package com.pp.jpa;  
2.   
3. import java.math.BigDecimal;  
4. import java.math.RoundingMode;  
5.   
6. import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;  
7. import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;  
8. import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;  
9. import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;  
10.   
11. import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFund;  
12. import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFundPrimarykey;  
13. import com.pp.repository.UserFundRepository;  
14.   
15. @ComponentScan  
16. @EnableJpaRepositories(value=“com.pp”)  
17. @EnableTransactionManagement  
18. public class App {  
19.     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
20.         AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(App.class);  
21.           
22.         UserFund uf1 = new UserFund();  
23.         //必须手动设置主键  
24.         uf1.setUserFundPK(new UserFundPrimarykey(1, “2017-07-01”));  
25.         uf1.setRate(new BigDecimal(“0.041”));  
26.         uf1.setPrincipal(new BigDecimal(“10000”));  
27.         //截断，只保留两位小数  
28.         uf1.setInterest(uf1.getRate().multiply(uf1.getPrincipal()).divide(new BigDecimal(“365”), 2, RoundingMode.DOWN));  
29.           
30.         UserFund uf2 = new UserFund();  
31.         //必须手动设置主键  
32.         uf2.setUserFundPK(new UserFundPrimarykey(2, “2017-07-01”));  
33.         uf2.setRate(new BigDecimal(“0.041”));  
34.         uf2.setPrincipal(new BigDecimal(“20000”));  
35.         //截断，只保留两位小数  
36.         uf2.setInterest(uf2.getRate().multiply(uf2.getPrincipal()).divide(new BigDecimal(“365”), 2, RoundingMode.DOWN));  
37.           
38.         UserFundRepository ur = context.getBean(UserFundRepository.class);  
39.         ur.save(uf1);  
40.         ur.save(uf2);  
41.           
42.         ur.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);  
43.           
44.         //查询用户ID=2，在2017-07-01这一天的收益  
45.         System.out.println(ur.findOne(new UserFundPrimarykey(2, “2017-07-01”)));  
46.         context.close();  
47.     }  
48. }  

package com.pp.jpa;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFund;
import com.pp.jpa.entity.UserFundPrimarykey;
import com.pp.repository.UserFundRepository;

@ComponentScan
@EnableJpaRepositories(value="com.pp")
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(App.class);

        UserFund uf1 = new UserFund();
        //必须手动设置主键
        uf1.setUserFundPK(new UserFundPrimarykey(1, "2017-07-01"));
        uf1.setRate(new BigDecimal("0.041"));
        uf1.setPrincipal(new BigDecimal("10000"));
        //截断，只保留两位小数
        uf1.setInterest(uf1.getRate().multiply(uf1.getPrincipal()).divide(new BigDecimal("365"), 2, RoundingMode.DOWN));

        UserFund uf2 = new UserFund();
        //必须手动设置主键
        uf2.setUserFundPK(new UserFundPrimarykey(2, "2017-07-01"));
        uf2.setRate(new BigDecimal("0.041"));
        uf2.setPrincipal(new BigDecimal("20000"));
        //截断，只保留两位小数
        uf2.setInterest(uf2.getRate().multiply(uf2.getPrincipal()).divide(new BigDecimal("365"), 2, RoundingMode.DOWN));

        UserFundRepository ur = context.getBean(UserFundRepository.class);
        ur.save(uf1);
        ur.save(uf2);

        ur.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);

        //查询用户ID=2，在2017-07-01这一天的收益
        System.out.println(ur.findOne(new UserFundPrimarykey(2, "2017-07-01")));
        context.close();
    }
}

一些注意事项和做法已经在备注中有写，大家模仿着写就OK了

直接运行main方法，控制台输出如下信息

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1. Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_0_ from user_funds userfund0_ where userfund0_.date=? and userfund0_.userId=?  
2. Hibernate: insert into user_funds (interest, principal, rate, date, userId) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)  
3. Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_0_ from user_funds userfund0_ where userfund0_.date=? and userfund0_.userId=?  
4. Hibernate: insert into user_funds (interest, principal, rate, date, userId) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)  
5. Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_ from user_funds userfund0_  
6. UserFund [userFundPK=UserFundPrimarykey [userId=1, date=2017-07-01], principal=10000.00000, rate=0.04100, interest=1.12]  
7. UserFund [userFundPK=UserFundPrimarykey [userId=2, date=2017-07-01], principal=20000.00000, rate=0.04100, interest=2.24]  
8. Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_0_ from user_funds userfund0_ where userfund0_.date=? and userfund0_.userId=?  
9. UserFund [userFundPK=UserFundPrimarykey [userId=2, date=2017-07-01], principal=20000.00000, rate=0.04100, interest=2.24]  

Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_0_ from user_funds userfund0_ where userfund0_.date=? and userfund0_.userId=?
Hibernate: insert into user_funds (interest, principal, rate, date, userId) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_0_ from user_funds userfund0_ where userfund0_.date=? and userfund0_.userId=?
Hibernate: insert into user_funds (interest, principal, rate, date, userId) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_ from user_funds userfund0_
UserFund [userFundPK=UserFundPrimarykey [userId=1, date=2017-07-01], principal=10000.00000, rate=0.04100, interest=1.12]
UserFund [userFundPK=UserFundPrimarykey [userId=2, date=2017-07-01], principal=20000.00000, rate=0.04100, interest=2.24]
Hibernate: select userfund0_.date as date1_0_0_, userfund0_.userId as userId2_0_0_, userfund0_.interest as interest3_0_0_, userfund0_.principal as principa4_0_0_, userfund0_.rate as rate5_0_0_ from user_funds userfund0_ where userfund0_.date=? and userfund0_.userId=?
UserFund [userFundPK=UserFundPrimarykey [userId=2, date=2017-07-01], principal=20000.00000, rate=0.04100, interest=2.24]

查询数据库

select ** from user_funds;

原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/mn960mn/article/details/74034512