web.xml文件的作用----接上面的那个,看的多了,也就知道的差不多了

除了。下面的第9,10条,没用,其他的都在项目里有用到。。。。。。。。

先看各个配置都是干嘛的:

1、Web应用图标:指出IDE和GUI工具用来表示Web应用的大图标和小图标    
<icon>    
<small-icon>/images/app_small.gif</small-icon>    
<large-icon>/images/app_large.gif</large-icon>    
</icon>    
2、Web 应用名称:提供GUI工具可能会用来标记这个特定的Web应用的一个名称    
<display-name>Tomcat Example</display-name>    
3、Web 应用描述: 给出于此相关的说明性文本    
<disciption>Tomcat Example servlets and JSP pages.</disciption>    
4、上下文参数:声明应用范围内的初始化参数。    
<context-param>    
    <param-name>ContextParameter</para-name>    
    <param-value>test</param-value>    
    <description>It is a test parameter.</description>    
</context-param>    
在servlet里面可以通过getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param")得到    

5、过滤器配置:将一个名字与一个实现javaxs.servlet.Filter接口的类相关联。    
<filter>    
        <filter-name>setCharacterEncoding</filter-name>    
        <filter-class>com.myTest.setCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>    
        <init-param>    
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>    
            <param-value>GB2312</param-value>    
        </init-param>    
</filter>    
<filter-mapping>    
        <filter-name>setCharacterEncoding</filter-name>    
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    
</filter-mapping>    
6、监听器配置    
<listener>    
      <listerner-class>listener.SessionListener</listener-class>    
</listener>    
7、Servlet配置    
   基本配置    
   <servlet>    
      <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>    
      <servlet-class>SnoopServlet</servlet-class>    
   </servlet>    
   <servlet-mapping>    
      <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>    
      <url-pattern>/snoop</url-pattern>    
   </servlet-mapping>    
   高级配置    
   <servlet>    
      <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>    
      <servlet-class>SnoopServlet</servlet-class>    
      <init-param>    
         <param-name>foo</param-name>    
         <param-value>bar</param-value>    
      </init-param>    
      <run-as>    
         <description>Security role for anonymous access</description>    
         <role-name>tomcat</role-name>    
      </run-as>    
   </servlet>    
   <servlet-mapping>    
      <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>    
      <url-pattern>/snoop</url-pattern>    
   </servlet-mapping>    
   元素说明    
     <servlet></servlet> 用来声明一个servlet的数据,主要有以下子元素:    
     <servlet-name></servlet-name> 指定servlet的名称    
     <servlet-class></servlet-class> 指定servlet的类名称    
     <jsp-file></jsp-file> 指定web站台中的某个JSP网页的完整路径    
     <init-param></init-param> 用来定义参数,可有多个init-param。在servlet类中通过getInitParamenter(String name)方法访问初始化参数    
     <load-on-startup></load-on-startup>指定当Web应用启动时,装载Servlet的次序。    
                                 当值为正数或零时:Servlet容器先加载数值小的servlet,再依次加载其他数值大的servlet.    
                                 当值为负或未定义:Servlet容器将在Web客户首次访问这个servlet时加载它    
     <servlet-mapping></servlet-mapping> 用来定义servlet所对应的URL,包含两个子元素    
       <servlet-name></servlet-name> 指定servlet的名称    
       <url-pattern></url-pattern> 指定servlet所对应的URL    
8、会话超时配置(单位为分钟)    
   <session-config>    
      <session-timeout>120</session-timeout>    
   </session-config>    
9、MIME类型配置    
   <mime-mapping>    
      <extension>htm</extension>    
      <mime-type>text/html</mime-type>    
   </mime-mapping>    
10、指定欢迎文件页配置    
   <welcome-file-list>    
      <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>    
      <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>    
      <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>    
   </welcome-file-list>    
11、配置错误页面    
一、 通过错误码来配置error-page    
   <error-page>    
      <error-code>404</error-code>    
      <location>/NotFound.jsp</location>    
   </error-page>    
上面配置了当系统发生404错误时,跳转到错误处理页面NotFound.jsp。    
二、通过异常的类型配置error-page    
   <error-page>    
       <exception-type>java.lang.NullException</exception-type>    
       <location>/error.jsp</location>    
   </error-page>    
上面配置了当系统发生java.lang.NullException(即空指针异常)时,跳转到错误处理页面error.jsp    
12、TLD配置    
   <taglib>    
       <taglib-uri>http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/debug-taglib</taglib-uri>    
       <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/jsp/debug-taglib.tld</taglib-location>    
   </taglib>    
   如果MyEclipse一直在报错,应该把<taglib> 放到 <jsp-config>中    
   <jsp-config>    
      <taglib>    
          <taglib-uri>http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/debug-taglib</taglib-uri>    
          <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/pager-taglib.tld</taglib-location>    
      </taglib>    
   </jsp-config> 


然后上自己实际用的实例代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
    <display-name>Web Application</display-name>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
        <param-value>600000</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.xxx.xxx.utils.listener.StartupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>120</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
    <jsp-config>
        <taglib>
            <taglib-uri>authorization</taglib-uri>
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tlds/authorization.tld</taglib-location>
        </taglib>
        <taglib>
            <taglib-uri>messagefield</taglib-uri>
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tlds/message.tld</taglib-location>
        </taglib>
    </jsp-config>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>400</error-code>
        <location>/error/400.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>404</error-code>
        <location>/error/404.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>405</error-code>
        <location>/error/405.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>500</error-code>
        <location>/error/500.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
</web-app>




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