一、pytorch中的pre-train模型
卷积神经网络的训练是耗时的,很多场合不可能每次都从随机初始化参数开始训练网络。
pytorch中自带几种常用的深度学习网络预训练模型,如VGG、ResNet等。往往为了加快学习的进度,在训练的初期我们直接加载pre-train模型中预先训练好的参数,model的加载如下所示:
- import torchvision.models as models
- #resnet
- model = models.ResNet(pretrained=True)
- model = models.resnet18(pretrained=True)
- model = models.resnet34(pretrained=True)
- model = models.resnet50(pretrained=True)
- #vgg
- model = models.VGG(pretrained=True)
- model = models.vgg11(pretrained=True)
- model = models.vgg16(pretrained=True)
- model = models.vgg16_bn(pretrained=True)
二、预训练模型的修改
1.参数修改
对于简单的参数修改,这里以resnet预训练模型举例,resnet源代码在Github点击打开链接。
resnet网络最后一层分类层fc是对1000种类型进行划分,对于自己的数据集,如果只有9类,修改的代码如下:
- # coding=UTF-8
- import torchvision.models as models
- #调用模型
- model = models.resnet50(pretrained=True)
- #提取fc层中固定的参数
- fc_features = model.fc.in_features
- #修改类别为9
- model.fc = nn.Linear(fc_features, 9)
2.增减卷积层
前一种方法只适用于简单的参数修改,有的时候我们往往要修改网络中的层次结构,这时只能用参数覆盖的方法,即自己先定义一个类似的网络,再将预训练中的参数提取到自己的网络中来。这里以resnet预训练模型举例。
- # coding=UTF-8
- import torchvision.models as models
- import torch
- import torch.nn as nn
- import math
- import torch.utils.model_zoo as model_zoo
- class CNN(nn.Module):
- def __init__(self, block, layers, num_classes=9):
- self.inplanes = 64
- super(ResNet, self).__init__()
- self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3,
- bias=False)
- self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)
- self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
- self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
- self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, layers[0])
- self.layer2 = self._make_layer(block, 128, layers[1], stride=2)
- self.layer3 = self._make_layer(block, 256, layers[2], stride=2)
- self.layer4 = self._make_layer(block, 512, layers[3], stride=2)
- self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(7, stride=1)
- #新增一个反卷积层
- self.convtranspose1 = nn.ConvTranspose2d(2048, 2048, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, output_padding=0, groups=1, bias=False, dilation=1)
- #新增一个最大池化层
- self.maxpool2 = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1)
- #去掉原来的fc层,新增一个fclass层
- self.fclass = nn.Linear(2048, num_classes)
- for m in self.modules():
- if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
- n = m.kernel_size[0] * m.kernel_size[1] * m.out_channels
- m.weight.data.normal_(0, math.sqrt(2. / n))
- elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
- m.weight.data.fill_(1)
- m.bias.data.zero_()
- def _make_layer(self, block, planes, blocks, stride=1):
- downsample = None
- if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
- downsample = nn.Sequential(
- nn.Conv2d(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion,
- kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
- nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * block.expansion),
- )
- layers = []
- layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample))
- self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
- for i in range(1, blocks):
- layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes))
- return nn.Sequential(*layers)
- def forward(self, x):
- x = self.conv1(x)
- x = self.bn1(x)
- x = self.relu(x)
- x = self.maxpool(x)
- x = self.layer1(x)
- x = self.layer2(x)
- x = self.layer3(x)
- x = self.layer4(x)
- x = self.avgpool(x)
- #新加层的forward
- x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
- x = self.convtranspose1(x)
- x = self.maxpool2(x)
- x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
- x = self.fclass(x)
- return x
- #加载model
- resnet50 = models.resnet50(pretrained=True)
- cnn = CNN(Bottleneck, [3, 4, 6, 3])
- #读取参数
- pretrained_dict = resnet50.state_dict()
- model_dict = cnn.state_dict()
- # 将pretrained_dict里不属于model_dict的键剔除掉
- pretrained_dict = {k: v for k, v in pretrained_dict.items() if k in model_dict}
- # 更新现有的model_dict
- model_dict.update(pretrained_dict)
- # 加载我们真正需要的state_dict
- cnn.load_state_dict(model_dict)
- # print(resnet50)
- print(cnn)
以上就是相关的内容,本人刚入门的小白一枚,请轻喷~
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/whut_ldz/article/details/78845947
微调FineTune:
- import torch.optim as optim
import torch.nn as nn
# 局部微调
# 有时候我们加载了训练模型后,只想调节最后的几层,
# 其他层不训练。其实不训练也就意味着不进行梯度计算,PyTorch中提供的requires_grad使得对训练的控制变得非常简单。
model = torchvision.models.resnet18(pretrained=True)
for param in model.parameters():
param.requires_grad = False
# 替换最后的全连接层, 改为训练100类
# 新构造的模块的参数默认requires_grad为True
model.fc = nn.Linear(512, 100)
# 只优化最后的分类层
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.fc.parameters(), lr=1e-2, momentum=0.9)
###########################################################################################
# 全局微调
# 有时候我们需要对全局都进行finetune,只不过我们希望改换过的层和其他层的学习速率不一样,
# 这时候我们可以把其他层和新层在optimizer中单独赋予不同的学习速率。比如:
ignored_params = list(map(id, model.fc.parameters()))
base_params = filter(lambda p: id(p) not in ignored_params,model.parameters())
#this is the new way to use Optimd
optimizer = optim.SGD([
{'params': base_params},
{'params': model.fc.parameters(), 'lr': 1e-3}
], lr=1e-2, momentum=0.9)