Java项目中调用第三方接口的几种方式:
- 通过JDK网络类 java.net.HttpURLConnection
- 通过common封装好的 HttpClient
- 通过Apache封装好的CloseableHttpClient
- 通过SpringBoot-RestTemplate
通过JDK网络类 java.net.HttpURLConnection
实现过程:
Get:
1. 创建远程连接
2. 设置连接方式
3. 设置连接超时时间
4. 设置响应读取时间
5. 发起请求
6. 获取请求数据
7. 关闭连接
Post:
1. 创建远程连接
2. 设置连接方式
3. 设置连接超时时间
4. 设置响应读取时间
5. 当向远程服务器传送数据/写数据时,需设置为 true (setDoOutput)
6. 当向远程服务器读取数据时,设置为true, 该参数可有可无 (setDoInput)
7. 设置传入参数的格式:(setRequestProperty)
8. 设置鉴权信息:Authorization:(setRequestProperty)
9. 设置参数
10. 发起请求
11. 获取请求数据
12. 关闭连接
代码:
package com.riemann.springbootdemo.util.common.httpConnectionUtil;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
/**
* @author riemann
* @date 2019/05/24 23:42
*/
public class HttpURLConnectionUtil {
/**
* Http get请求
* @param httpUrl 连接
* @return 响应数据
*/
public static String doGet(String httpUrl){
//链接
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
InputStream is = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
try {
//创建连接
URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//设置请求方式
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
//设置连接超时时间
connection.setReadTimeout(15000);
//开始连接
connection.connect();
//获取响应数据
if (connection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
//获取返回的数据
is = connection.getInputStream();
if (null != is) {
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
String temp = null;
while (null != (temp = br.readLine())) {
result.append(temp);
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (null != br) {
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (null != is) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//关闭远程连接
connection.disconnect();
}
return result.toString();
}
/**
* Http post请求
* @param httpUrl 连接
* @param param 参数
* @return
*/
public static String doPost(String httpUrl, @Nullable String param) {
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
//连接
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
OutputStream os = null;
InputStream is = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
try {
//创建连接对象
URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
//创建连接
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//设置请求方法
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
//设置连接超时时间
connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
//设置读取超时时间
connection.setReadTimeout(15000);
//DoOutput设置是否向httpUrlConnection输出,DoInput设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入,此外发送post请求必须设置这两个
//设置是否可读取
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
//设置通用的请求属性
connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
//拼装参数
if (null != param && param.equals("")) {
//设置参数
os = connection.getOutputStream();
//拼装参数
os.write(param.getBytes("UTF-8"));
}
//设置权限
//设置请求头等
//开启连接
connection.connect();
//读取响应
if (connection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
is = connection.getInputStream();
if (null != is) {
br = new BufferedReader(new Input