mac搭建python 虚拟环境
pip3 install virtualenv
pip3 install virtualenvwrapper
➜ /Users/liuzhiwei> which virtualenvwrapper.sh
/Users/liuzhiwei/anaconda3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
➜ /Users/liuzhiwei> which virtualenv
/Users/liuzhiwei/anaconda3/bin/virtualenv
配置环境变量:vim ~/.zshrc
# Python虚拟环境
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_SCRIPT=/Users/liuzhiwei/anaconda3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/Users/liuzhiwei/anaconda3/bin/python3
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=/Users/liuzhiwei/anaconda3/bin/virtualenv
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV_ARGS='--no-site-packages'
source /Users/liuzhiwei/anaconda3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
source ~/.zshrc
- 在mac创建虚拟环境报错
➜ /Users/liuzhiwei> mkvirtualenv superset
usage: virtualenv [--version] [--with-traceback] [-v | -q] [--read-only-app-data] [--app-data APP_DATA] [--reset-app-data] [--upgrade-embed-wheels] [--discovery {builtin}] [-p py] [--try-first-with py_exe]
[--creator {builtin,cpython3-posix,venv}] [--seeder {app-data,pip}] [--no-seed] [--activators comma_sep_list] [--clear] [--no-vcs-ignore] [--system-site-packages] [--symlinks | --copies] [--no-download | --download]
[--extra-search-dir d [d ...]] [--pip version] [--setuptools version] [--wheel version] [--no-pip] [--no-setuptools] [--no-wheel] [--no-periodic-update] [--symlink-app-data] [--prompt prompt] [-h]
dest
virtualenv: error: unrecognized arguments: --no-site-packages
SystemExit: 2
➜ /Users/liuzhiwei> virtualenv --version
virtualenv 20.4.2 from /Users/liuzhiwei/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/virtualenv/__init__.py
-
使用virtualenv --version,看到自己的版本大于20,就可以将如下这段删除
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV_ARGS='--no-site-packages'
,从版本20开始,默认就是’–no-site-packages‘了 -
参数--no-site-packages,已经安装到系统 Python 环境中第三方包不会复制过来
-
重新source ~/.zshrc
-
重启终端
-
创建superset虚拟环境
➜ /Users/liuzhiwei> mkvirtualenv superset
created virtual environment CPython3.7.2.final.0-64 in 533ms
creator CPython3Posix(dest=/Users/liuzhiwei/.virtualenvs/superset, clear=False, no_vcs_ignore=False, global=False)
seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=bundle, setuptools=bundle, wheel=bundle, via=copy, app_data_dir=/Users/liuzhiwei/Library/Application Support/virtualenv)
added seed packages: pip==21.0.1, setuptools==52.0.0, wheel==0.36.2
activators BashActivator,CShellActivator,FishActivator,PowerShellActivator,PythonActivator,XonshActivator
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/liuzhiwei/.virtualenvs/superset/bin/predeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/liuzhiwei/.virtualenvs/superset/bin/postdeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/liuzhiwei/.virtualenvs/superset/bin/preactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/liuzhiwei/.virtualenvs/superset/bin/postactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/liuzhiwei/.virtualenvs/superset/bin/get_env_details
- 进入虚拟环境
(superset) ➜ /Users/liuzhiwei> pip list
Package Version
---------- -------
pip 21.0.1
setuptools 52.0.0
wheel 0.36.2
- mkvirtualenv -p python3 虚拟环境名 (使用python3的情况下)
下一次进入虚拟环境工作:workon 虚拟环境名
deactivate #退出虚拟环境
workon superset #进入虚拟环境superset
rmvirtualenv superset #删除虚拟环境superset
lsvirtualenv #列举所有的环境。
cdvirtualenv #导航到当前激活的虚拟环境的目录中,比如说这样您就能够浏览它的 site-packages。
cdsitepackages #和上面的类似,但是是直接进入到 site-packages 目录中。
lssitepackages #显示 site-packages 目录中的内容。
虚拟环境下安装包的命令:
- pip install 包名
注意:虚拟环境下不能使用 sudo pip install 包名